Scholarworks

ScholarWorks is an open access repository for the capture of the intellectual work of Montana State University (MSU) in support of its teaching, research and service missions. MSU ScholarWorks is a central point of discovery for accessing, collecting, sharing, preserving, and distributing knowledge to the Montana State University community and the world.

 

Communities in DSpace

Select a community to browse its collections.

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1

Recent Submissions

Item
Quantitative measurements of reactive oxygen species partitioning in electron transfer flavoenzyme magnetic field sensing
(Frontiers Media SA, 2024-02) Austvold, Chase K.; Keable, Stephen M.; Procopio, Maria; Usselman, Robert J.
Biological magnetic field sensing that gives rise to physiological responses is of considerable importance in quantum biology. The radical pair mechanism (RPM) is a fundamental quantum process that can explain some of the observed biological magnetic effects. In magnetically sensitive radical pair (RP) reactions, coherent spin dynamics between singlet and triplet pairs are modulated by weak magnetic fields. The resulting singlet and triplet reaction products lead to distinct biological signaling channels and cellular outcomes. A prevalent RP in biology is between flavin semiquinone and superoxide (O2•−) in the biological activation of molecular oxygen. This RP can result in a partitioning of reactive oxygen species (ROS) products to form either O2•− or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Here, we examine magnetic sensing of recombinant human electron transfer flavoenzyme (ETF) reoxidation by selectively measuring O2•− and H2O2 product distributions. ROS partitioning was observed between two static magnetic fields at 20 nT and 50 μT, with a 13% decrease in H2O2 singlet products and a 10% increase in O2•− triplet products relative to 50 µT. RPM product yields were calculated for a realistic flavin/superoxide RP across the range of static magnetic fields, in agreement with experimental results. For a triplet born RP, the RPM also predicts about three times more O2•− than H2O2, with experimental results exhibiting about four time more O2•− produced by ETF. The method presented here illustrates the potential of a novel magnetic flavoprotein biological sensor that is directly linked to mitochondria bioenergetics and can be used as a target to study cell physiology.
Item
Biofilm and human spaceflight
(Elsevier BV, 2023-08) Goeres, Darla M.; Velez-Justiniano, Yo-Ann; Kjellerup, Birthe Veno; McLean, Robert JC.
On Earth, biofilms are ubiquitous and represent the predominant mode of growth by microorganisms in their natural environments including those of biomedical and industrial importance [1,2]. While microbial contamination has been reported on the Mir (1986–2001) and earlier spacecraft, notably Skylab (1973–1979) [3], the first experimental evidence of biofilm formation during spaceflight was reported with Burkholderia cepacia flown on STS-81 in 1997 [4] and Pseudomonas aeruginosa during a 1998 experiment on STS-95 [5]. Biofilm formation has since been confirmed in a number of other spaceflight and microgravity analog studies (reviewed in Ref. [6]). Due to the potential risk of damage to key spacecraft materials and instrumentation, biofilms represent a risk that must be addressed for future human space missions beyond low Earth orbit [7]. In this special issue of Biofilm, several notable publications are presented that all enhance the understanding and the importance of biofilms in space.
Item
How to cool American cities
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-01) Tuholske, Cascade; Chapman, Helena
Summer 2023 repeatedly blanketed American cities in unprecedented heat, marking the hottest summer in U.S. history. According to the latest climate projections,1 summer 2023 pales in comparison with the regularity and intensity of heat waves that the U.S. cities will face going forward. But how we can best cool U.S. cities and reduce heat exposure in the coming decades is unclear. On page xxx of this issue, Matei Geogescu, at Arizona State University, and colleagues develop a novel methodology to answer this question.
Item
The evidence for and urgency of threats to African wild dogs from prey depletion and climate change
(Elsevier BV, 2023-09) Creel, Scott; Becker, Matthew S.; Reyes de Merkle, Johnathan; Goodheart, Ben
Many African large carnivore populations are declining due to decline of the herbivore populations on which they depend. We recently noted that the densities of true apex carnivores like the lion and spotted hyena correlate strongly with prey density, but competitively subordinate carnivores like the African wild dog benefit from competitive release when density of apex carnivores is low, so the expected effect of a simultaneous decrease in resources and dominant competitors is not obvious. We found that when prey density drops below a tipping point, the relationship of wild dog density to prey density changes sign, and wild dog density declines. We also noted that ‘prey depletion provides a mechanistically direct explanation of patterns in wild dog dynamics that have been attributed to climate change’ (Creel et al., 2023).
Item
Physical Activity, Sleep, and Demographic Patterns in Alaska Native Children and Youth Living in Anaktuvuk Pass
(MDPI AG, 2023-02) Grant, Vernon; Mekiana, Deborah; Philip, Jacques
Physical activity (PA), sleep, and weight are important factors for youth health. However, data about these factors are unknown in youth living in isolated Alaska Native communities. This study aims to assess PA, sleep, height and weight in elementary through high school students living in Anaktuvuk Pass. Fourteen children (<12) and 24 youths (12–20) volunteered to participate in this study. PA and sleep data were collected with actigraphy. Height and weight were assessed with standard procedures. Demographics were collected via survey. Results show that 10.53% and 18.42% of participants were overweight and obese, respectively. Average bedtime was 00:15 am and wake time 08:23 am. Total sleep time was 498.21 min. Participants averaged 477.64 min in sedentary activity, 297.29 min in light activity, 150.66 min in moderate activity, and 18.05 min in vigorous activity. Adjusted models suggest that high school students engage in significantly more sedentary activity, and significantly less light, moderate, and vigorous activity compared to those in middle and elementary school. All students engaged in less moderate and vigorous activity on the weekend compared to the weekday. Data suggest that as children age they become more sedentary. Future studies should focus on increasing daily PA in high school students while considering other obesogenic factors.
Copyright (c) 2002-2022, LYRASIS. All rights reserved.