Theses and Dissertations at Montana State University (MSU)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/733

Browse

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Adaptability of selected Montana soils for septic tank sewage disposal
(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1972) Keppner, Alfred Phillip
Excavation of septic tank filter fields and analysis of soil samples suggested that most nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage effluent accumulated within 5 meters of the point of input to the, soil. Amsterdam soils were found to be highly adapted to conventional septic tank sewage disposal as was a site located on a gradation between Leavitt and Bigel soils. The Bigel-Bearmouth site examined showed that a mound type system may be utilized to overcome a limitation caused by an impervious layer. Huffine soils are subject to seasonal high water and a system that raises the drain tiles above high water must be used. On the Alluvial soils along the Gallatin River high water table and spring flooding make these soils unacceptable as sites for on-site sewage disposal. From this study and the literature predictions of effluent behaviour were extrapolated to developable soils in Gallatin Canyon where installed systems were unavailable for study. Bearmouth, Bigel, and Hanson soils, being skeletal, are poor filtering media and design criteria such as a mounded system may be needed to overcome this limitation. Hobacker soils are adapted to on-site sewage disposal although sites with slopes in excess of 15 percent should be avoided. Leavitt and Michelson soils will function well as septic tank filter fields. The total nutrient load, in terms of nitrogen and phosphorus, for the Gallatin Canyon was calculated with respect to present human activity and projected human activity in 1985. Increase in residents appears to be the greatest concern with respect to increases of nitrogen and phosphorus disposal as compared to travellers or the Big Sky development.
The development and validation of a snow/icepack pavement temperature thermodynamic model
(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Engineering, 2002) Bristow, Jeffrey Ryan
The effects of catalyst poisons on sorption isotherms
(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1948) Birstein, Seymour J
The sorption isotherms of benzene and water on silica gel and the modification of each of these isotherms by the presence of varying amounts of the other vapor as a poison were studied in an effort to differentiate between adsorption and absorption in the sorption process. From the modification of the curves in the presence of increasing amounts of poison, it was concluded that the sorption of water on silica gel is due to Capillary condensation and the Sorption of benzene on silica gel is due to monolayer adsorption followed by capillary condensation. The apparatus and the techniques employed in running the isotherms are described. It is believed that these techniques can be extended to the study of systems other than that studied by us.
Isolation, characterization and copper binding of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis melanin mutants
(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1997) Frederick, Barbara Anne
Recovery of copper by biopolymer gel and polymer vegetation by electrowinning and ion exchange technologies
(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Engineering, 1995) Kallepalli, Ramakrishna Raju
Biopolymer gel beads of calcium alginate and alginic acid have high affinities for divalent metal ions such as Cu 2+. Hence they may be useful materials for recovering copper from aqueous solutions. The copper sorbed by the calcium alginate gel beads could be completely eluted and the metal recovered in a salable metallic form by using a combination of ion-exchange and electrowinning technologies. In such processes, the calcium alginate gel beads are fully regenerated. The resorption capacity of the gel beads did not decrease significantly during up to three sorption-desorption-electrowinning cycles. Distribution ratios of copper between the gel and liquid phases were measured using a batch method. Distribution ratios of copper for gel beads of calcium alginate ranged from 0.3 to 0.9 liter solution/gram dry sodium alginate [(mg Cu 2+ / gram dry sodium alginate)/(mg Cu 2+ / liter solution)]. Distribution ratios of copper for gel beads of alginic acid ranged from 0.47 to 0.84 liter solution/gram dry sodium alginate [(mg Cu 2+ / gram dry sodium alginate)/(mg Cu 2+ / liter solution)]. The equilibrium data were consistent with the ion-exchange reaction between cupric ions and calcium alginate/alginic acid. Maximum sorption capacities of the gel beads of calcium alginate and alginic acid were determined by comparing the experimental data with theoretical predictions. Maximum sorption capacities of the gel beads were found to be 5.21 X 10 -3 kmol/ kg dry sodium alginate and 4.11 X 10 -3 kmol/ kg dry sodium alginate for calcium alginate and alginic acid respectively. 3.2% sodium alginate in water was used to make the gel beads of calcium alginate and alginic acid. Scale up of the technology was studied in a fluidized bed reactor and electrowinning cell designed for this purpose. Calcium alginate gel beads were reused up to three times for absorption of copper after regeneration using ion exchange and electrowinning technologies. This technology reduced the influent copper concentration by 63%.
Results of a micro pulse differential absorption LIDAR for temperature profiling and analysis code
(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Engineering, 2021) Cruikshank, Owen Daniel; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Kevin S. Repasky
Thermodynamic profiling of the lower troposphere is necessary for the study of weather and climate. The micropulse DIAL (differential absorption lidar), or MPD, presented here is designed to fill the need. The MPD is eye-safe and can run autonomously for continuous measurements compared to technologies with similar measurement capabilities like Raman lidar. Using a temperature-sensitive absorption line of O 2, the MPD system can measure the absorption of O 2 in the lower troposphere as a function of range and convert that measurement to temperature as a function of range. This process relies on a perturbative correction to the absorption retrieval to account for the fact that the O 2 absorption spectral linewidth is similar to the molecular Rayleigh scattering linewidth. An ancillary measurement of the ratio of aerosol backscatter to molecular backscatter is required for the correction. The integrated high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL) uses a heated potassium vapor notch filter to make the aerosol-to-molecular ratio measurement. An analysis program in MATLAB was written to take in raw lidar data and produce a temperature product of range and time. Results presented from a campaign at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurements program Southern Great Plains site in Oklahoma in spring 2019 show temperature comparisons with radiosonde measurements with a mean difference between radiosonde and MPD measurements of -1.1K and a standard deviation of 2.7 K. Further results from an instrument on the Montana State University campus in Bozeman and at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado have shown that the MPD instrument can produce measurements autonomously for periods of weeks to months.
Sorption of water vapor from an ethanol-water mixture using barley as the sorbent
(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Engineering, 1983) Graham, Glenn Kenneth
Two-step excitation and direct two-photon absorption in Tb 3+: LiYF 4
(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1990) Jones, Raymond Paul