Publications by Colleges and Departments (MSU - Bozeman)

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10 Steps to Implementing Health in All Policies in Rural Communities
(Western Transportation Institute, 2024-08) Comey, Danika; Madsen, Matthew
This toolkit serves as a guiding document for frontier, rural, and micro-urban communities to implement a Health in All Policies (HiAP) framework in rural America. Too often, rural America is overlooked when it comes to public health and policy work. This tool will guide public health practitioners, community planners, elected officials, healthcare providers, and those who are interested in improving community and public health by analyzing and improving local policy in rural communities. Barriers to accessing healthcare services are well documented in rural communities. Rural populations often face greater challenges accessing healthcare services compared to their urban peers such as long distances to primary care, lower insurance coverage rates, higher health needs, and higher rates of poverty [1–4]. Incorporating a HiAP framework in rural areas is an effective way to decrease health inequities and disparities between urban and rural communities.
133 Cs NMR Study of the Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Transitions in CsH 2 PO 4
(1991-05-01) Schuele, Paul J.; Schmidt, V. Hugo
Pressure and temperature effects on the one dimensional (1D) and higher-dimensionality correlations associated with the ferroelectric (FE) and antiferroelectric (AFE) phase transitions in cesium dihydrogen phosphate were studied using 133Cs nuclear magnetic resonance at 6.5 MHz. The spin-latticerelaxation time T1 was measured at temperatures down to the FE Curie point TC at pressures of 1 bar and at 1.5 and 3.0 kbar, down to the triple point Tt = 124.6 K at 3.3 kbar, and down to the AFE Neel point TN at 3.6 kbar. Far from the transition T1 decreases exponentially with decreasing temperature due to 1D fluctuations associated with the Jb interactions in disordered hydrogen-bonded chains running along the b axis. As temperature is decreased further, T1 decreases linearly as the JC interaction between hydrogen-bonded chains in b-c planes becomes important. From these results the pressure dependences of Jb, JC and the interplanar interaction Ja were calculated. At 3.3 kbar Ja changes sign, so the stacking of ordered planes becomes AFE rather than FE. At pressures above about 9 kbar, where the interaction JC extrapolates to zero, a new AFE phase is predicted in which each b-axis chain is oriented AFE with respect to nearest neighbors in both the a and c directions.
17O NQR Study of the Antiferroelectric Phase Transition in TlH2PO4
(1988) Seliger, J.; Zagar, V.; Blinc, Robert; Schmidt, V. Hugo
The temperature dependence of the 1 7O NQR spectra in TlH2PO4 has been measured using a proton‐1 7 O nuclear quadrupole double resonance technique. The results show that the protons in the short one‐dimensionally linked O1–H1‐‐O1 and O2–H2‐‐O2hydrogen bonds are moving between two equilibrium sites above T c and freeze into one of the off‐center sites below T c . The protons in the asymmetric O3–H3‐‐O4hydrogen bonds are static and ordered above and below T c .
18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Induces Metabolic Changes and Reduces Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Cell-to-Cell Interactions
(MDPI AG, 2022-06) Weaver, Alan J.; Borgogna, Timothy R.; O’Shea-Stone, Galen; Peters, Tami R.; Copié, Valérie; Voyich, Jovanka; Teintze, Martin
The rise in bacterial resistance to common antibiotics has raised an increased need for alternative treatment strategies. The natural antibacterial product, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GRA) has shown efficacy against community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), although its interactions against planktonic and biofilm modes of growth remain poorly understood. This investigation utilized biochemical and metabolic approaches to further elucidate the effects of GRA on MRSA. Prolonged exposure of planktonic MRSA cell cultures to GRA resulted in increased production of staphyloxanthin, a pigment known to exhibit antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing functions. Then, 1D 1H NMR analyses of intracellular metabolite extracts from MRSA treated with GRA revealed significant changes in intracellular polar metabolite profiles, including increased levels of succinate and citrate, and significant reductions in several amino acids, including branch chain amino acids. These changes reflect the MRSA response to GRA exposure, including potentially altering its membrane composition, which consumes branched chain amino acids and leads to significant energy expenditure. Although GRA itself had no significant effect of biofilm viability, it seems to be an effective biofilm disruptor. This may be related to interference with cell–cell aggregation, as treatment of planktonic MRSA cultures with GRA leads to a significant reduction in micro-aggregation. The dispersive nature of GRA on MRSA biofilms may prove valuable for treatment of such infections and could be used to increase susceptibility to complementary antibiotic therapeutics.
The 1972 Montana State Constitution--its provision for Montana Indians : a promise unfulfilled
(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1981) Eschler, Leonard Edward
A 1975 catalog of alternate and free secondary schools in Montana
(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1975) Lithander, Sherry Lee Miller
1982–2010 Trends of Light Use Efficiency and Inherent Water Use Efficiency in African vegetation: Sensitivity to Climate and Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations
(MDPI, 2014) Traore, Abdoul Khadre; Ciais, Philippe; Vuichard, Nicolas; McBean, Natasha; Dardel, Cecile; Poulter, Benjamin; Piao, Shilong; Fisher, Joshua; Viovy, Nicolas; Jung, Martin; Myneni, Ranga B.
Light and water use by vegetation at the ecosystem level, are key components for understanding the carbon and water cycles particularly in regions with high climate variability and dry climates such as Africa. The objective of this study is to examine recent trends over the last 30 years in Light Use Efficiency (LUE) and inherent Water Use Efficiency (iWUE*) for the major biomes of Africa, including their sensitivities to climate and CO2. LUE and iWUE* trends are analyzed using a combination of NOAA-AVHRR NDVI3g and fAPAR3g, and a data-driven model of monthly evapotranspiration and Gross Primary Productivity (based on flux tower measurements and remote sensing fAPAR, yet with no flux tower data in Africa) and the ORCHIDEE (ORganizing Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic EcosystEms) process-based land surface model driven by variable CO2 and two different gridded climate fields. The iWUE* data product increases by 10%–20% per decade during the 1982–2010 period over the northern savannas (due to positive trend of vegetation productivity) and the central African forest (due to positive trend of vapor pressure deficit). In contrast to the iWUE*, the LUE trends are not statistically significant. The process-based model simulations only show a positive linear trend in iWUE* and LUE over the central African forest. Additionally, factorial model simulations were conducted to attribute trends in iWUE and LUE to climate change and rising CO2 concentrations. We found that the increase of atmospheric CO2 by 52.8 ppm during the period of study explains 30%–50% of the increase in iWUE* and >90% of the LUE trend over the central African forest. The modeled iWUE* trend exhibits a high sensitivity to the climate forcing and environmental conditions, whereas the LUE trend has a smaller sensitivity to the selected climate forcing.
1H NMR based metabolic profiling distinguishes the differential impact of capture techniques on wild bighorn sheep
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021-05) O’Shea-Stone, Galen; Lambert, Rachelle; Tripet, Brian; Berardinelli, James; Thomson, Jennifer; Copié, Valérie; Garrott, Robert
Environmental metabolomics has the potential to facilitate the establishment of a new suite of tools for assessing the physiological status of important wildlife species. A first step in developing such tools is to evaluate the impacts of various capture techniques on metabolic profiles as capture is necessary to obtain the biological samples required for assays. This study employed 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolite profiling of 562 blood serum samples from wild bighorn sheep to identify characteristic molecular serum makers of three capture techniques (dart, dropnet, and helicopter-based captures) to inform future sampling protocols for metabolomics studies, and to provide insights into the physiological impacts of capture. We found that different capture techniques induce distinct changes in amino acid serum profiles, the urea cycle, and glycolysis, and attribute the differences in metabolic patterns to differences in physical activity and stress caused by the different capture methods. These results suggest that when designing experiments involving the capture of wild animals, it may be prudent to employ a single capture technique to reduce confounding factors. Our results also supports administration of tranquilizers as soon as animals are restrained to mitigate short-term physiological and metabolic responses when using pursuit and physical restraint capture techniques.
1H, 13C, 15N backbone and side chain NMR resonance assignments of the N-terminal NEAr iron transporter domain 1 (NEAT 1) of the hemoglobin receptor IsdB of Staphylococcus aureus
(2014-04) Fonner, Brittany A.; Tripet, Brian P.; Lui, Mengyao; Zhu, Hui; Lei, Benfang; Copie, Valerie
Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that causes skin and severe infections in mammals. Critical to S. aureus growth is its ability to scavenge iron from host cells. To this effect, S. aureus has evolved a sophisticated pathway to acquire heme from hemoglobin (Hb) as a preferred iron source. The pathway is comprised of nine iron-regulated surface determinant (Isd) proteins involved in heme capture, transport, and degradation. A key protein of the heme acquisition pathway is the surface-anchored hemoglobin receptor protein IsdB, which is comprised of two NEAr transporter (NEAT) domains that act in concert to bind Hb and extract heme for subsequent transfer to downstream acquisition pathway proteins. Despite significant advances in the structural knowledge of other Isd proteins, the structural mechanisms and molecular basis of the IsdB-mediated heme acquisition process are not well understood. In order to provide more insights into the mode of function of IsdB, we have initiated NMR structural studies of the first NEAT domain of IsdB (IsdBN1). Herein, we report the near complete 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignments of backbone and side chain atoms, and the secondary structural topology of the 148-residue IsdB NEAT 1 domain. The NMR results are consistent with the presence of eight β-strands and one α-helix characteristic of an immunoglobulin-like fold observed in other NEAT domain family proteins. This work provides a solid framework to obtain atomic-level insights toward understanding how IsdB mediates IsdB-Hb protein–protein interactions critical for heme capture and transfer.
2-Arylacetamido-4-phenylamino-5-substituted pyridazinones as formyl peptide receptors agonists
(2016-06) Vergelli, Claudia; Schepetkin, Igor A.; Ciciani, Giovanna; Cilibrizzi, Agostino; Crocetti, Letizia; Giovannoni, Maria Paola; Guerrini, Gabriella; Iacovone, Antonella; Kirpotina, Liliya N.; Khlebnikov, Andrei I.; Ye, Richard D.; Quinn, Mark T.
N-Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs: FPR1, FPR2, and FPR3) are G protein-coupled receptors that play key roles in modulating immune cells. FPRs represent potentially important therapeutic targets for the development of drugs that could enhance endogenous anti-inflammation systems associated with various pathologies, thereby reducing the progression of inflammatory conditions. Previously, we identified 2-arylacetamide pyridazin-3(2H)-ones as FPR1- or FPR2-selective agonists, as well as a large number of FPR1/FPR2-dual agonists and several mixed-agonists for the three FPR isoforms. Here, we report a new series of 2-arylacetamido-4-aniline pyridazin-3(2H)-ones substituted in position 5 as a further development of these FPR agonists. Chemical manipulation presented in this work resulted in mixed FPR agonists 8a, 13a and 27b, which had EC50 values in nanomolar range. In particular, compound 8a showed a preference for FPR1 (EC50 =45nM), while 13a and 27b showed a moderate preference for FPR2 (EC50 =35 and 61nM, respectively). Thus, these compounds may represent valuable tools for studying FPR activation and signaling.
A 200-year history of arctic and alpine fungi in North America: Early sailing expeditions to the molecular era
(2020) Noffsinger, Chance; Cripps, Cathy L.; Horak, Egon
Mushrooms and other fleshy fungi are important components of arctic and alpine habitats where they enhance nutrient uptake in plants and replenish poor soils through decomposition. Here we assemble the 200-year (1819–2019) record of their discovery in North America, beginning with early Arctic sailing expeditions, followed by intense taxonomic studies, and concluding with the molecular era, all of which highlight the difficulty of exhaustively revealing their biodiversity in these extreme, cold-dominated habitats. Compiled biogeographic data reveal that a majority of arctic fungi have large intercontinental distributions with disjunct alpine populations. A newly compiled checklist of 170 species of Basidiomycota in fifty-one genera and twenty families in the Rocky Mountain alpine zone provides current baseline data prior to expected environmental shifts.
2001 Canola Variety and Hybrid Performance Evaluations
(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2001) Wichman, David M.; Sharp, Gail L.
This report evaluates the relative yield performance of spring canola varieties adapted to the northern plains and intermountain regions. Emergence was slow and very erratic due to dry weather conditions that persisted till early June at both locations. The Moore site was very slow to emerge with much of the emergence occurring in early June. Tyler seeded with a hoe drill and more uniform and much earlier emergence. The delayed emergence contributed to low yield levels at both locations. Extremely high levels of evaporative demand in July were also detrimental to the canola trial yields (See Tables sc35 and sc36). The Moccasin trials were further impacted by ground sparrows and Cashin finch feeding on the seed pods prior and during ripening. Intermountain 223 RR and 357 RR lines were top performers in both trials. These lines have been good performers other years as well. Late seeding and unusually dry weather with high evaporative demand resulted below average canola yields. The variation within the study due to factors other than the characteristics of the varieties themselves reduced the value of both variety evaluation nurseries.
2001 Cereal Forage Species, Variety and Seeding Rate Studies
(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2001) Wichman, David M.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Sharp, Gail L.; Cash, S.D.; Johnson, D.; Hensleigh, Pat F.; Hybner, Roger M.; Carr, P.
This report determines the forage production potential of spring and winter cereal grain species and varieties under dryland conditions in central Montana. Determine the optimum spring cereal seeding rates for maximum forage production. Cereal forage yields were respectable considering the low precipitation levels received over the past year. Fall 2000 and early spring seeded crops on tilled soils experienced severe and multiple soil blasting and seedling burial. Therefore, the data presented here is not sufficient to make extensive inferences or comparisons amongst varieties or species.
2001 Evaluation of Non-Alfalfa Perennial Legumes
(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2001) Wichman, David M.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Cash, S.D.; Ditterline, R. L.
This report determines yield levels of modern varieties non-bloat causing perennial forage legumes: sainfoin, birdsfoot trefoil, and cicer milkvetch relative to yields of alfalfa check varieties. Dry weather and other droughty conditions have been hard on the non-bloat causing perennial legumes. In 2001, alfalfa entries have proved to be superior in dry matter yield production than the entries of sainfoin, birdsfoot trefoil, and cicer milkvetch. There appears to be some difference between varieties, for forage yield, with in each of species (See Tables F 5 &F 6). Due to the unusually dry weather the past couple of years, hopefully it remains classified as “unusually dry” rather than the beginning of a new norm, it is best not to make any conjectures about relative yield levels of the various varieties.
2001 Montana Intra-State Alfalfa Variety Trials
(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2001) Wichman, David M.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Cash, S.D.; Ditterline, R. L.; Sharp, Gail L.
This report identifies superior alfalfa varieties for dryland forage production in central Montana. Yield results for alfalfa variety nurseries seeded in the years 2001, 2000, 1998, and 1997 are presented in tables 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Drought conditions persisting since the spring of 1997 continue to depress alfalfa forage yields. Warm winter weather which allow perennials, such as alfalfa, to remain actively growing through the late fall, winter and or early spring cause the plants to deplete soil water reserves while producing little vegetation. Yield levels are one third to one fourth of the expected yields. No significant variations in disease infections or insect feedings have been observed. Little variation in plot/treatment ranking across years has been observed. This indicates the importance of getting a good stand to start with. Ladak 65 yield levels continue to be similar to those of more modern varieties which have greater disease resistance. However, recent years have been dry and unsuitable for outstanding yield levels. In better yield conditions, this researcher expects modern varieties to exhibit a higher yield level relative to Ladak 65.
2001 Perennial Grass Species and Variety Forage Yield Evaluations
(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2001) Wichman, David M.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Cash, S.D.; Ditterline, R. L.; Majerus, M.
This report identifies superior alfalfa varieties for dryland forage production in central Montana. Yield results for alfalfa variety nurseries seeded in the years 2001, 2000, 1998, and 1997 are presented in tables 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Drought conditions persisting since the spring of 1997 continue to depress alfalfa forage yields. Warm winter weather which allow perennials, such as alfalfa, to remain actively growing through the late fall, winter and or early spring cause the plants to deplete soil water reserves while producing little vegetation. Yield levels are one third to one fourth of the expected yields. No significant variations in disease infections or insect feedings have been observed. Little variation in plot/treatment ranking across years has been observed. This indicates the importance of getting a good stand to start with. Ladak 65 yields levels continue to similar to those of more modern varieties which have greater disease resistance. However, recent years have been dry and unsuitable for outstanding yield levels. In better yield conditions, this researcher expects modern varieties to exhibit a higher yield level relative to Ladak 65.
2002 Evaluation of Non-Alfalfa Perennial Legumes
(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2002) Wichman, David M.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Cash, S.D.; Ditterline, R. L.
This report determines yield levels of modern varieties of non-bloat causing perennial forage legumes, such as sainfoin, birdsfoot trefoil, and cicer milkvetch, relative to yields of alfalfa check varieties. Dry weather and other droughty conditions have been hard on the non-bloat causing perennial legumes. In dry matter yield production for 2002, 2001 and 2000, the alfalfa entries have proven to be superior to the entries of sainfoin, birdsfoot trefoil, and cicer milkvetch. Within each species and between varieties, there appears to be some differences in forage yield (see Tables F6 & F7). Due to the unusually dry weather the past couple of years, (hopefully it remains classified as “unusually dry” rather than the beginning of a new norm), it is best not to make any conjectures about relative yield levels of the various varieties.
2002 Montana Intra-State Alfalfa Variety Trials
(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2002) Wichman, David M.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Cash, S.D.; Ditterline, R. L.; Sharp, Gail L.
This report identifies superior alfalfa varieties for dryland forage production in central Montana. Yield results for alfalfa variety nurseries seeded in the years 2002, 2001, 2000, 1998, and 1997 are presented in tables F 1 through F 5, respectively. Drought conditions persisting since the spring of 1997 continue to depress alfalfa forage yields. Warm winter weather, which allows perennials such as alfalfa to remain actively growing through the late fall, winter and or early spring, causes the plants to deplete soil water reserves while producing little vegetation. Yield levels have been one half to one third of the expected yields. No significant variations in disease infections or insect feedings have been observed. Little variation in plot/treatment ranking across years has been observed. This indicates the importance of getting a good stand initially. Ladak-65 yield levels continue to be similar to those of more modern varieties, which have greater disease resistance. However, recent years have been dry and unsuitable for outstanding yield levels. In better yield conditions, this researcher expects modern varieties to exhibit a higher yield level relative to Ladak-65. The alfalfa nurseries have a scheduled longevity of four years. This provides sufficient information on yield potential. However, the stand longevity factor is not determined. Statewide alfalfa variety trial information is available at: http://animalrangeextension.montana.edu/Forage/forage_pub.htm
2003 Evaluation of Barley Variety Performance in Recrop Systems Following Oilseeds Near Moccasin, Lentils Near Denton and Winter Wheat Near Fort Benton
(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2003) Blake, Tom; Hensleigh, Pat F.; Philips, Dave; Vavrovsky, Joe; Wargo, Judee; Wichman, David M.
This report evaluates the agronomic performance of spring barley varieties in recrop or continuous crop environments in the southern triangle and central Montana. Drought conditions contributed to low yields and test weights and above normal grain protein levels. Haxby and Conlin exhibited the ability produce well and to produce decent test weights in droughty conditions. Xena exhibited good yield potential in droughty conditions, also.
2003 Evaluation of Durum Wheat Variety Performance Under No-Till Recrop Conditions Following a Pulse Crop Near Moccasin, Montana and 2003 Evaluation of Durum Wheat Variety Performance in Recrop Systems near Denton and Fort Benton
(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2003) Lanning, Susan P.; Philips, Dave; Talbert, Luther E.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Wargo, Judee; Wichman, David M.
This report evaluates the agronomic performance of durum wheat varieties in recrop or continuous crop environments in the southern triangle and central Montana. Twenty spring durum varieties were re-cropped no-till into lentil stubble. The only supplemental fertilizer was 50lbs per acre of 20-20-20-10 blend applied through the drill at seeding. Conditions were good at seeding, but plant available moisture conditions deteriorated through June and July resulting in low yields and low test weights. Drought conditions contributed to low yields and test weights and above normal grain protein levels. New varieties are steadily replacing many of the old standards as the consistent top yielders.