Publications by Colleges and Departments (MSU - Bozeman)
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Item 2001 Canola Variety and Hybrid Performance Evaluations(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2001) Wichman, David M.; Sharp, Gail L.This report evaluates the relative yield performance of spring canola varieties adapted to the northern plains and intermountain regions. Emergence was slow and very erratic due to dry weather conditions that persisted till early June at both locations. The Moore site was very slow to emerge with much of the emergence occurring in early June. Tyler seeded with a hoe drill and more uniform and much earlier emergence. The delayed emergence contributed to low yield levels at both locations. Extremely high levels of evaporative demand in July were also detrimental to the canola trial yields (See Tables sc35 and sc36). The Moccasin trials were further impacted by ground sparrows and Cashin finch feeding on the seed pods prior and during ripening. Intermountain 223 RR and 357 RR lines were top performers in both trials. These lines have been good performers other years as well. Late seeding and unusually dry weather with high evaporative demand resulted below average canola yields. The variation within the study due to factors other than the characteristics of the varieties themselves reduced the value of both variety evaluation nurseries.Item Spring Barley Variety Evaluation in Off-Station and Re-Crop Trials Near Moccasin, Denton, and Fort Benton (2000)(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2000) Blake, Tom; Hensleigh, Pat F.; Philips, Dave; Sharp, Gail L.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Wargo, Judee; Wichman, David M.This report evaluates the performance of spring barley varieties in environments and cropping methods representative of the southern triangle and central Montana. Yields ranged from 47 to 60 bu/a at the Moccasin and Denton sites. Yield – Yields ranged from 47 to 60 bu/a at the Moccasin and Denton sites. Yields at Fort Benton were well below average due to low rainfall and ranged from 13 to 37 bu/a. The trial at Denton was planted re-crop after lentils and the trial at Fort Benton followed barley. Barley yields ranged from average to well below average depending on the location and the amount of rainfall received. Post harvest seed dormancy evaluations were conducted on barley seed harvested from the trials as a means of predicting weed potential from volunteer barley in cropping systems. Cultivars having the longest germination times are hypothesized to be problematic as this seed would remain dormant through the winter and germinate in early spring to present a weed problem. Quick germination of a cultivar would be beneficial in that volunteer seed would germinate early in the fall and be killed by the first frost. three days. Dormancy tests for the crop year 2001 will be conducted closer to actual harvest dates to better assess differences in dormancy among cultivars.Item Oat Variety Evaluation in Re-Crop Trials at Moccasin (2000)(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2000) Berg, Jim E.; Blake, Tom; Bruckner, Phil L.; Hensleigh, Pat F.; Lanning, Susan P.; Philips, Dave; Sharp, Gail L.; Talbert, Luther E.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Wargo, Judee; Wichman, David M.This report evaluates the agronomic performance of oat varieties under no-till recrop conditions at Moccasin. The 2000 no-till recrop oat trial was seeded into barley stubble. Soil moisture was fair to good for seeding in the spring. The surface soil was almost mud due to the shade and shelter provided by the standing stubble and chaff. The no-till recrop yields were slightly reduced due to the low precipitation levels during the 2000 crop year. The combination of good vegetation control and the water conservation provided with no-till provided for good yields in a dry year.Item Spring Wheat Variety Evaluation in Off-Station and Re-Crop Trials Near Moccasin, Denton, Fort Benton, and Winifred (2000)(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2000) Lanning, Susan P.; Philips, Dave; Sharp, Gail L.; Talbert, Luther E.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Wargo, Judee; Wichman, David M.To evaluate the performance of spring wheat varieties in environments and cropping methods representative of the southern triangle and central Montana. Yields ranged from 11 to 34 bu/a with the highest yields at the Moccasin site. Low moisture at the Fort Benton site contributed to lower than average yields. Spring wheat yields were below average at all four locations and varied greatly depending on available moisture. McNeal and Scholar, both released by Montana State University, yielded well as did Reeder, a new release from North Dakota. The average yield across all locations and all cultivars was 24.8 bu/a. The above average grain protein measured at all sites was accompanied by lower than average test weights. Heading date among cultivars was fairly uniform with all entries heading within the same week.Item Winter Wheat Variety Evaluation in Off-Station and Re-Crop Trials Near Moccasin, Denton, Fort Benton, Moore, and Winifred (2000)(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2000) Berg, Jim E.; Bruckner, Phil L.; Philips, Dave; Sharp, Gail L.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Wargo, Judee; Wichman, David M.This report evaluates the performance of winter wheat varieties in environments and cropping methods. Dry conditions resulted in lower than average yields at all sites with the exception of Moccasin where re-crop wheat followed barley. Growing season precipitation of 3.9 inches at the Fort Benton site contributed to low yields ranging from 8.8 to 12.6 bu/a. Yields were highest at the Moccasin site ranging from 35.8 to 46.2 bu/a. No yields were recorded at the Denton site due to a plugged opener during seeding that resulted in non-uniform plots. Grain protein was lowest at the Denton site and highest at the Fort Benton site. Although moisture for the 2000 crop season was generally higher than that received the previous year, timing of rainfall contributed to a lower than average yield at most sites. Yields at the Moccasin site met the seven-year average for cultivars grown at that site. Yields at all other sites were well below their ten-year averages as noted in multi-year yield summaries for each site. seeded into spring wheat stubble. The Moccasin trial was seeded into barley stubble. All cultivars had acceptable test weights averaging 61.2 lbs/bu across all sites and all cultivars. TestItem Durum Variety Evaluation in Off-Station and Re-Crop Trials Near Moccasin, Denton, Fort Benton, and Winifred (2000)(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2000) Lanning, Susan P.; Philips, Dave; Sharp, Gail L.; Talbert, Luther E.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Wargo, Judee; Wichman, David M.This report evaluates the performance of spring durum varieties in environments and cropping methods representative of the southern triangle and central Montana. Durum yields were below average at all locations except the Denton site where yields were equal to the 4-year average for that location. Test weights were below average at all sites this year with the average over all sites and all cultivars being 57.5 lbs/bu. The Uniform Statewide Durum trial planted at Moccasin consisted of 20 entries with McNeal planted as a hard red spring wheat check. The off-station trials planted at Denton, Fort Benton, and Winifred consisted of 10 entries plus McNeal as a check. Low rainfall at the Fort Benton site was very apparent in all parameters measured in the durum trials. No cultivar yielded as well as McNeal spring wheat when averaged across the four locations, however, several entries planted at Moccasin in the Statewide nursery yielded as well or higher than McNeal. Grain proteins for all cultivars were well above the 13.5% minimum standard acceptable to buyers.Item Winter Wheat Seed Fungicide Treat Evaluation Trial (2001)(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2001) Riesselman, John (Jack); Sharp, Gail L.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Wichman, David M.This report evaluates the agronomic performance of fungicides used as seed treats to protect winter wheat seedlings. The late September planting date reduced the chance of significant disease infection, cephalosporium stripe or dry land root rot, occurring on fall seeded cereals. Receiving the treated seed late in the planting season has hampered the assessment of the seed treatments effectiveness. The early May seeding date reduced the chance of significant cold seed decay occurring. Receiving the treated seed late in the planting season has hampered the assessment of the seed treatments effectiveness. The trial failed to meet its objective.Item Evaluation of Experimental Winter Triticale Lines for Adaptation in Montana (2001)(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2001) Berg, Jim E.; Hensleigh, Pat F.; Hybner, Roger M.; Kephart, Ken D.; Kolding, Matt; Sharp, Gail L.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Wichman, David M.This report documents the observations of winter triticale lines to determine if any perform well in Central Montana. Triticale plots were seeded on a west-facing slope to obtain maximum exposure to winter temperatures and wind. Plant densities and percent stand indicate no significant differences among the triticale lines in their ability to survive winter. Triticale lines did not differ significantly from Tiber winter wheat in winter hardiness or in grain yield. Grain yields averaged 2520 lbs/a and test weights were above average at 53.6 lbs/bu. Similar results were obtained in the Statewide Triticale Nursery planted in a more protected area on the research center. Triticale lines tested had a wide range of heading dates and test weight values. Early maturing lines with acceptable test weights and yields comparable to Tiber winter wheat can be selected for and continued in subsequent yield trials.Item Museum Spring Wheat Variety Comparison Nursery (2001)(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2001) Lanning, Susan P.; Sharp, Gail L.; Talbert, Luther E.; Wichman, David M.This report demonstrates a comparison in variety development effect on spring wheat yield levels. In general more recently released varieties had higher yields. No variety use decision should be made on this data as it is un-replicated and a single year performance.Item Intrastate and Early Yield Barley Variety Performance Trials (2001)(Central Agricultural Research Center, 2001) Blake, Tom; Hensleigh, Pat F.; Sharp, Gail L.; Vavrovsky, Joe; Wichman, David M.This report evaluates the agronomic performance of new experimental lines and existing barley varieties in Central Montana. Yields in the Intrastate Trial ranged from 48.2 to 82.3 bu/a with the average yield equal to 69.8 bu/a. Grain yields in the Early Yield Trial ranged from 47.6 to 79.8 bu/a with the average yield being 68.5 bu/a. Blowing sand cut leaves off of the emerging barley seedlings but May and June precipitation promoted vigorous growth. Good grain yields and high grain proteins were obtained but test weights and percentage of plump kernels were low.