Health & Human Development

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The Department of Health and Human Development is a group of dedicated faculty and staff whose interests, while diverse, center on one central theme: human beings. HHD works to help individuals from early childhood to mature adults though teaching, research, and service programs in both the public and private sectors.

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Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule Expression During Intense Resistance Exercise
(American Physiological Society, 1998) Miles, Mary; Leach, S.K.; Kraemer, W.J.; Dohi, K.; Bush, J.A.; Mastro, A.M.
We hypothesized that expression of L-selectin and very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) integrin adhesion molecules would influence cell type-specific redistribution during exercise. Women subjects performed six sets of 10-repetition maximum squats. L-selectin and VLA-4 integrin were measured by using flow cytometry pre- and postexercise on peripheral blood neutrophils and lymphocytes (n 5 29 subjects) and lymphocyte subsets (n 5 70 subjects), respectively. Neutrophil concentration increased 41.8% (P , 0.001), whereas the percent expressing L-selectin was unchanged (79%). Lymphocyte concentration increased 61.8% (P , 0.001). The percent of T cells expressing L-selectin decreased from 73.5 6 8.9 to 68.2 6 11.4% (P , 0.001); the combined population of natural killer and B cells expressing L-selectin decreased from 80.4 6 22.5 to 62.7 6 25.8% (P , 0.001). VLA-4 integrin was expressed by nearly all lymphocytes both pre- and postexercise. The proportional decrease in L-selectin positive cells could have resulted from 1) shedding of L-selectin, 2) selective entry of L-selectin-negative subsets, or 3) selective removal of L-selectin-positive subsets.
Cytokine production by stimulated mononuclear cells did not change with aging in apparently healthy, well-nourished women
(Elsevier, 2001) Ahluwalia, N.; Mastro, A.M.; Ball, R.; Miles, Mary; Rajendra, R.; Handte, G.
Aging is often associated with a dysregulation of the immune system. We examined mitogen-stimulated production of interleukin (IL)-2 and proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-6, in apparently healthy and generally well-nourished old versus young women. Subjects were screened for health using the SENIEUR protocol and a panel of laboratory tests for inflammation, as well as for the adequacy of nutritional status using criteria related to undernutrition, and protein, iron, vitamin B12, and folate status. Young (n=26, age: 20–40 years) and old (n=44, age: 62–88 years) cohorts did not differ on the number of circulating monocytes, granulocytes, B (CD19+) cells, and T (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+) cells. No differences (P>0.10) were seen between the two age groups in IL-2, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in whole blood cultures at 48 h after stimulation with PHA (5 mg/l). Furthermore, no age-related differences were noted in the absolute amounts (pg) of IL-1β and IL-6 after normalizing for circulating monocytes, B cells, or T cells (P>0.10). Similarly, no age-related decline in absolute amount of IL-2 (pg) after normalizing for circulating T cells was noted (P>0.10). Thus, contrary to most previous reports, our results do not support an increase in the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6, and a reduced production of IL-2 with aging when health and nutritional status are maintained. These findings support our previous results of no change in monocyte function and few alterations in acquired immune response in a carefully selected group of healthy and well-nourished elderly women.
Apolipoprotein E genotype and changes in serum lipids and maximal oxygen uptake with exercise training
(W.B. Saunders Co, 2004) Thompson, P.D.; Tsongalis, Gregory J.; Seip, R.L.; Bilbie, C.; Miles, Mary; Zoeller, Robert F.; Visich, Paul S.; Gordon, P.M.; Angelopoulos, T.J.; Pescatello, Linda S.; Bausserman, L.; Moyna, Niall M.
Physical activity improves lipid levels by altering triglyceride (TG) metabolism. Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) facilitates TG clearance by mediating lipoprotein binding to hepatic receptors, but Apo E also has less defined roles in skeletal muscle and nervous tissue. This study examined if variants in Apo E genotype affect the lipid and physiologic response to exercise training. Seven centers genetically screened 566 individuals to recruit 120 subjects into 6 gender-specific cohorts equal for the most common Apo E genotypes: E2/3, E3/3, and E3/4. Anthropometics, exercise capacity (Vo2max), serum lipids, and post heparin (PH) plasma lipase activities were measured before and after 6 months of supervised exercise training. Difference in the response (Δ) to training among the Apo E genotypes was the primary outcome variable. Differences in pretraining serum lipids among the Apo E genotypes mimicked those observed in population studies: TGs were slightly higher in E2/3 subjects, whereas low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (C) was lower (P = not significant [NS] ). TGs decreased 11% with training for the entire cohort (P < .0001) and 7%, 12%, and 14% for the Apo E 2/3, 3/3 and 3/4 groups, respectively (P = NS for Δ). LDL-C did not change in the entire cohort, but decreased slightly in the 2/3 and 3/3 subjects and increased 4% in the 3/4 group (P = NS for Δ). High-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C increased 2% for the entire cohort (P = .06) due to a 6% increase in the 3/3 group (P = .07 for Δ). Total cholesterol (TC)/HDL and LDL/HDL decreased with training in the 2/3 and 3/3 groups, but increased in the 3/4 subjects and these responses differed among the genotypes (P < .05 for Δ). Vo2max increased 9% to 10% for the entire cohort, but only 5% in the 3/3 subjects versus 13% in the 2/3 and 3/4 groups and these differences were significantly different among the genotypes (P < .01 for Δ). This is the first prospective study to demonstrate that the serum lipid response to exercise training differs by Apo E genotype in a pattern consistent with known metabolic differences among the variants. Surprisingly, Apo E genotype also affected the increase in aerobic capacity produced by exercise training possibly via undefined effects on nerve and skeletal muscle function.
Carbohydrate Influences Interleukin-6 but not C-reactive Protein or Creatine Kinase Following a 32-km Mountain Trail Race
(Human Kinetics, 2005) Miles, Mary; Walker, E.E.; Conant, S.B.; Hogan, S.P.; Kidd, J.R.
Attenuation of exercise-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) responses by carbohydrate (CHO) has been demonstrated in studies comparing controlled doses (≥ 0.9 g · kg–1 · h–1) to placebo, but not in studies of voluntary intake. This study sought to determine if attenuation of the IL-6 response during a 32.2-km mountain trail race occurs for high compared to low ad libitum CHO intakes. IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and creatine kinase activity (CK) were analyzed from blood samples collected 12 h pre-, 0, 4, and 24 h post-race. Subjects were grouped into low (n =14, 0.4 ± 0.1 g · kg–1· h–1) and high (n =18, 0.8 ± 0.2 g · kg–1 · h–1) CHO intake groups. IL-6 0 h post-race (P < 0.05) was higher in the low (40.2 ± 22.7 pg · mL–1) compared to the high CHO group (32.7 ± 22.1 pg · mL–1). CRP and CK both increased post-race, but no differences were observed between groups. Attenuation of exercise-induced IL-6 is apparent across a range of CHO intakes.
Focused Group Interviews as an Innovative Quanti-qualitative Methodology (QQM): Integrating Quantitative Elements into a Qualitative Methodology
(Nova Southeastern University, Inc., 2006) Grim, Brian; Gromis, Judy; Harmon, Alison H.
There is a sharp divide between quantitative and qualitative methodologies in the social sciences. We investigate an innovative way to bridge this gap that incorporates quantitative techniques into a qualitative method, the “quanti-qualitative method” (QQM). Specifically, our research utilized small survey questionnaires and experiment-like activities as part of the question route in a series of five focused group interviews on nutrition education. We show how these quantitative-type activities fit naturally with our question route and contributed to testing the hypotheses within the context of the five important characteristics of focused group interviews. The innovative use of QQM in focused group interviews makes data analysis easier and more transparent and permits collection of richer, more multifaceted data in a cost-effective fashion. Key Words: Focus Groups, Qualitative-Quantitative Methodology, QQM, and Qualitative Hypothesis Testing.
Apolipoprotein A1 genotype affects the change in high density lipoprotein cholesterol subfractions with exercise training.
(2006-03) Ruaño, G.; Seip, R.L.; Windemuth, Andreas; Zöllner, S.; Tsongalis, Gregory J.; Otvos, J.; Ordovas, J.M.; Bilbie, C.; Miles, Mary; Zoeller, Robert F.; Visich, Paul S.; Gordon, P.M.; Angelopoulos, T.J.; Pescatello, Linda S.; Moyna, Niall M.; Thompson, P.D.
High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA1) is the major HDL-associated apolipoprotein. The −75 G/A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the apolipoprotein A1 gene (APOA1) promoter has been reported to be associated with HDL-C concentrations as well as HDL-C response to dietary changes in polyunsaturated fat intake. We examined the effect of this APOA1 SNP on exercise-induced changes in HDL subfraction distribution. From a cohort of healthy normolipidemic adults who volunteered for 6 months of supervised aerobic exercise, 75 subjects were genotyped for the −75 G/A SNP. Of these, 53 subjects were G homozygotes (G/G) and 22 were A carriers (A/G and A/A). HDL subfractions were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy by adding categories HDL-C 1 + 2 for the small subfraction, and HDL-C 3 + 4 + 5 for the large. The change in total HDL-C after exercise was 0.8 ± 7.2 mg/dL (+1.7%), and was not statistically significant. HDL subfraction amounts also did not significantly change with exercise training in the total cohort or in G homozygotes or A carriers. The amount of the large HDL subfraction increased in the G homozygotes and decreased in the A carriers (mean ± S.E.M., 1.8 ± 6.6 mg/dL versus −6.1 ± 2.3 mg/dL, p < 0.0005). In contrast, the amount of the small HDL subfraction decreased in G homozygotes and increased in A carriers (−1.3 ± 6.6 mg/dL versus 4.7 ± 1.2 mg/dL, p < 0.005). These results show that genetic variation at the APOA1 gene promoter is associated with HDL subfraction redistribution resulting from exercise training.
Healthy Land, Healthy People: Building a Better Understanding of Sustainable Food Systems for Food and Nutrition Professionals: A Primer on Sustainable Food Systems and Emerging Roles for food and Nutrition Professionals
(American Dietetic Association, 2007) Lollar, Dianne; Hartman, Barbara; O'Neil, Carolyn; Raimondi, Mary Pat; Roberts, Susan; Tagtow, Angie; Wilkins, Jennifer; Devlin, Cathy; Holler, Harold; Harmon, Alison H.
Table of Contents | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...1 | Sustainable Food System Task Force Charge...1 | Accomplishments of the Task Force...2 | Task Force Members...3 | INTRODUCTION...4 | Sustainable Food Systems for Health—Why Does This Matter?...4 | Guiding Principles of the Task Force...5 | Limitations of the Primer...5 | An Historical Perspective...6 | A Snapshot of the U.S. Food System...6 | References...12 | SECTION I. WHAT ARE SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS?...15 | What are Sustainable Food Systems?...16 | Food and Nutrition Professionals Role in Supporting Sustainable Food Systems...18 | References...20 | SECTION II. EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR FOOD AND NUTRITION PROFESSIONALS WITHIN ADA...21 | SECTION III. OPPORTUNITIES AND EMERGING ROLES FOR FOOD AND NUTRITION PROFESSIONALS TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS...28 | SECTION IV. OPPORTUNITIES FOR FOOD AND NUTRITION PROFESSIONALS TO INFLUENCE THE FOOD SYSTEM...36 | SECTION V. PARTNERSHIPS AND COLLABORATION...41 | SECTION VI. SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS SCENARIOS...58 | Hospitals & Healthcare Systems...58 | Long Term Care Facilities...60 | Academic Institutions...60 | Dietetic Education...61 | Retail Food Service Management...61 | Correctional Facilities...62 | Policies...62 | SECTION VII. GLOSSARY | References...65 | RESOURCES & RECOMMENDED READING...66 | Online Learning...66 | Recommended Reading...66 | PHOTO CREDITS...71
Effect of Carbohydrate Intake During Recovery from Eccentric Exercise on Interleukin-6 and Muscle Damage Markers
(Human Kinetics, 2007) Miles, Mary; Pearson, Sherri Diane; Andring, J.M.; Kidd, J.R.; Volpe, S.L.
The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether carbohydrate supplementation during the first 2 d postexercise recovery influenced the inflammation (IL-6, C-reactive protein [CRP], and cortisol) and muscle-damage responses. Eight participants performed a high-force eccentric elbow-flexion exercise to induce muscle soreness and inflammation and then consumed carbohydrate (0.25 g·kg–1·h–1) or an equal volume of placebo during hours 0–12 and 24–36 postexercise in a double-blind, crossover protocol. Muscle soreness; midbrachial arm circumference; blood glucose, IL-6, CRP, cortisol, and creatine-kinase (CK) activity; and maximal force production were measured preexercise and 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 120 h postexercise. Plasma IL-6 increased, F(5) = 5.27, P < 0.05, 8 h postexercise, with no difference between carbohydrate and placebo conditions. Changes in muscle soreness, arm circumference, strength, and serum CK activity were consistent with small amounts of muscle damage and did not differ between conditions. The authors conclude that carbohydrate supplementation during recovery from soreness-inducing exercise does not influence the delayed IL-6 response temporally linked to inflammation or indications of muscle damage. Thus, increased carbohydrate consumption at levels consistent with recommendations for replenishing glycogen stores does not impair or promote the immune and muscle responses.
Position of the American Dietetic Association: Food and Nutrition Professionals Can Implement Practices to Conserve Natural Resources and Support Ecological Sustainability
(2007-06) Harmon, Alison H.; Gerald, Bonnie L.
It is the position of the American Dietetic Association to encourage environmentally responsible practices that conserve natural resources, minimize the quantity of waste generated, and support the ecological sustainability of the food system—the process of food production, transformation, distribution, access, and consumption. Registered dietitians and dietetic technicians, registered, play various roles in the food system and work in settings where efforts to conserve can have significant effects. Natural resources that provide the foundation for the food system include biodiversity, soil, land, energy, water, and air. A food system that degrades or depletes its resource base is not sustainable. Making wise food purchases and food management decisions entails understanding the external costs of food production and foodservice and how these external costs affect food system sustainability. This position paper provides information, specific action-oriented strategies, and resources to guide registered dietitians and dietetic technicians, registered, in food decision making and professional practice. Food and nutrition professionals also can participate in policy making at the local, state, and national levels, and can support policies that encourage the development of local sustainable food systems. Our actions today have global consequences. Conserving and protecting resources will contribute to the sustainability of the global food system now and in the future.
Creatine supplementation does not reduce muscle damage or enhance recovery from resistance exercise
(2007-11) Rawson, E.S.; Conti, M.P.; Miles, Mary
Previous studies have shown that creatine supplementation reduces muscle damage and inﬂammation following running but not following high-force, eccentric exercise. Although the mechanical strain placed on muscle ﬁbers during high-force, eccentric exercise may be too overwhelming for creatine to exert any protective effect, creatine supplementation may protect skeletal muscle stressed by a resistance training challenge that is more hypoxic in nature. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of short-term creatine supplementation on markers of muscle damage (i.e., strength, range of motion, muscle soreness, muscle serum protein activity, C-reactive protein) to determine whether creatine supplementation offers protective effects on skeletal muscle following a hypoxic resistance exercise test. Twenty-two healthy, weight-trained men (19–27 years) ingested either creatine or a placebo for 10 days. Following 5 days of supplementation, subjects performed a squat exercise protocol (5 sets of 15–20 repetitions at 50% of 1 repetition maximum [1RM]). Assessments of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase activity, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, maximal strength, range of motion (ROM), and muscle soreness (SOR) with movement and palpation were conducted pre-exercise and during a 5-day follow up. Following the exercise test, maximal strength and ROM decreased, whereas SOR and CK increased. Creatine and placebo-supplemented subjects experienced signiﬁcant decreases in maximal strength (creatine: 13.4 kg, placebo: 17.5 kg) and ROM (creatine: 2.4°, placebo: 3.0°) immediately postexercise, with no difference be-tween groups. Following the exercise test, there were signiﬁcant increases in SOR with movement and palpation (p < 0.05 at 24, 48, and 72 hours postexercise), and CK activity (p < 0.05 at 24 and 48 hours postexercise), with no differences between groups at any time. These data suggest that oral creatine supplementation does not reduce skeletal muscle damage or enhance recovery following a hypoxic resistance exercise challenge.
Towne's Harvest Garden and Community Supported Agriculture Program, First Annual Report 2007
(MSU Friends of Local Foods, 2008) Larson, Matthew; Harmon, Alison H.; Harmon, Rachael
TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary...6 About Towne’s Harvest...8 Mission, Vision and Values...9 The Value of Towne’s Harvest Garden...10 Industry Analysis...11 Partner...12 2007 Plan of Operations and Organizational Structure...13 2007 Expenditures and Income...14 Towne’s Harvest Garden Layout...14 2007 Crop List...15 The Harvest...16 Crop Notes...17 Estimated Yields...18 Labor...19 Distribution...20 CSA Member Feedback...22 Integration into MSU Coursework...23 Community Outreach, Events, and Tours...25 Lessons Learned from the First Season...27 2008 Plan of Operation and Organizational Structure...29 2008 Predicted Expenditures and Income...30 Towne’s Harvest Proposed Annual Timeline...31 External Funding for Towne’s Harvest Garden...33 Recruiting Student Interest in Friends of Local Foods and Towne’s Harvest Garden...34 Goals for Future Seasons...37 APPENDIX Friends of Local Foods Brochure | Towne’s Harvest Garden CSA Program Brochure | 2007 Newsletter Samples | 2007 Budget | 2007 Seed Order with Planting Dates | Garden Layout with Plantings | Complete Crop List | 2008 Budget | MSU Friends of Local Foods Recruitment PowerPoint
Apolipoprotein E genotype and sex influence C-reactive protein levels regardless of exercise training status
(W.B. Saunders Co, 2008) Miles, Mary; Lowndes, J.; Sivo, S.; Seip, R.L.; Angelopoulos, T.J.
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker for systemic inflammation and increased cardiovascular disease risk. Regular exercise may decrease CRP. Apolipoprotein E (apo E) has 3 common genotype variants—E2/3, 3/3, and 3/4—that modulate lipid metabolism and may have other metabolic physiologic roles, including some evidence that the genotype affects CRP levels. We assessed fasting serum CRP in 117 (male = 51, female = 66) healthy adults who volunteered for a 6-month aerobic exercise program. Both pre- and posttraining measurements were available in 71 (male = 31, female = 40) subjects. At baseline and follow-up, the numbers of subjects in the 3 groups were approximately equal: 2/3, n = 33 and 20; 3/3, n = 41 and 26; and 3/4, n = 43 and 25. At baseline, CRP levels differed by apo E genotype: means ± SD were 2.84 ± 2.18, 2.59 ± 2.34, and 1.90 ± 2.13 mg/L for E2/3, 3/3, and 3/4 subjects, respectively (3/4 vs 2/3, P b .05). In women, CRP was higher than that in men (3.14 ± 2.49 vs 2.12 ± 2.13 mg/L, P b .006). Exercise failed to affect CRP in the entire cohort (2.68 ± 2.38 vs 2.52 ± 2.48 mg/L) or in any apo E genotype group, and the apo E genotype effect observed at baseline persisted after training. In a largely white study cohort, CRP is higher in apo E3/3 than in 3/4 subjects and in women compared with men, but remains unchanged by 6 months of standard aerobic exercise training of the volume and higher intensity promoted by national organizations to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. How apo E genotype affects CRP is not known.
Diurnal Variation, Response to Eccentric Exercise, and Association of Inflammatory Mediators with Muscle Damage Variables
(American Physiological Society, 2008) Miles, Mary; Andring, J.M.; Pearson, Sherri Diane; Gordon, L.K.; Kasper, C.; Depner, Chris M.; Kidd, J.R.
This investigation determined whether inflammatory mediators 1) have diurnal variations, 2) respond to high-force eccentric exercise, and 3) associate with markers of muscle damage after high-force eccentric exercise. College-aged men and women (n 51) completed exercise (3 15 maximal eccentric elbow flexor actions using 1 arm) and control conditions in random order. Blood was collected preexercise and 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 96 h postexercise. Additional measures included maximal isometric force and midbiceps arm circumference (to detect swelling). Serum and plasma were analyzed for soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (sTNFR1), IL-6, C-reactive protein, cortisol, and creatine kinase (CK) activity. Relative to the 7:00 AM point in the control condition, diurnal decreases were measured at 12:00 PM and 4:00 PM for IL-6 and at 12:00 PM, 4:00 PM, and 8:00 PM for sTNFR1 and cortisol. sTNFR1, IL-6, CK, swelling, and soreness were higher in the exercise compared with the control condition. The largest of the inflammatory mediator responses was measured for IL-6 8 h postexercise in the exercise (3.00 3.59 pg/ml) relative to the control condition (1.15 0.99 pg/ml). The IL-6 response (time-matched exercise control concentration) at 8 h associated (r 0.282) with muscle soreness at 24 and 96 h, and the cortisol response at 8 h associated (r 0.285) with swelling at 8, 24, and 96 h. Thus soreness and swelling, but not CK and strength loss, had a low association with the inflammatory response following eccentric exercise.
Buying into Community Supported Agriculture: Strategies for Overcoming Income Barriers
(2008-04) Forbes, Cristin B.; Harmon, Alison H.
Community-supported agriculture provides benefits to members, including improved nutrition, economic savings, increased food security, and knowledge about the source of one's food. Unfortunately, membership may seem out of reach for limited-resource consumers because a lump sum membership fee is generally required at the beginning of the season. This article examines the strategies being used by CSA farms to help potential limited-resource members overcome income barriers. Those strategies include acceptance of government food assistance, payment plans, working shares, subsidized low-income shares, low-cost shares, transportation assistance, bartering, outreach efforts, and connections to emergency food assistance.
Why Musella lasiocarpa (Musaceae) is used in Southwest China to Feed Pigs.
(2008-06) Long, Chunlin; Ahmed, Selena; Wang, Xiaorong; Liu, Yitao; Long, Bo; Yang, Chunyan; Shi, Yana; Li, Xingyu; Guo, Rong
This study seeks to understand the usage of Musella lasiocarpa as pig fodder in southwest China by investigating its cultivation, consumption quantities, and nutrient composition. A previous report on the ethnobotany and conservation status of Musella lasiocarpa highlighted the importance of this plant for its multiple uses and services (Liu et al. 2003). The research presented here, which is a follow up effort to the previous study, is a step toward a more comprehensive exploration of the cultivation potential of Musella lasiocarpa for food and fodder in an expanded geographic area. Musella lasiocarpa (Franch.) C. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li (Fig. 1), with synonyms of Musa lasiocarpa Franch. and Ensete lasiocarpum (Franch.) E. E. Cheesman, is a species of a monotypic genus in the Musaceae family. It is endemic to the watersheds of the Upper Yangtze River and its branches between Yunnan and Sichuan provinces in southwest China (Wu and Kress 2000). Wild populations of Musella are found around cliffs in northern Yunnan and southern Sichuan. This plant is adapted to broad ecological conditions; it is able to withstand dry, cold, and mountainous environments. The literature on uses of Musella lasiocarpa focuses on practices by Han Chinese communities and reports that it is primarily used as fodder and, to a lesser extent, in the human diet. Aside from fodder and food, our previous research in the communities of Yunnan’s minority cultural groups shows that Musella is valuable for soil and water erosion control, weaving material, medicine, wine–brewing, and as a source plant for honey during the winter season (Long 1997; Liu et al. 2003). Recently, some horticulturalists from the United States, United Kingdom, European Union, and Japan have taken an interest in the commercial development of this resource as an ornamental. While the chemical composition of Musella previously has been documented (Qin et al. 2000; Yang et al. 2001), no studies have reported on its nutrient content or extent of use. Given this lack of research, coupled with Musella’s extensive use in southwest China and broad ecological adaptation, we investigated its cultivation, quantities consumed as pig fodder, and nutrient composition in order to understand the rationale for its usage and development potential.
Healthy Land, Healthy Food & Healthy Eaters: Dietitians Cultivating Sustainable Food Systems
(American Dietetic Association, 2009) Tagtow, Angie; Harmon, Alison H.
The purpose of this document is to provide essential tools to dietetic professionals for navigating the food system. These tools include: • Theoretical models that connect natural resources to food production and health. • A critical thinking checklist that aids in determining the viability and stability of food production practices in relation to the impact on the environment and the feasibility of fulﬁlling the food and nutrition needs of current and future generations. • Strategies for incorporating food system sustainability activities into personal and professional practice.
Towne's Harvest Garden and Community Supported Agriculture Program, Annual Report 2008
(MSU Friends of Local Foods, 2009) Robbins, Sam; Friedman, Seth; Neff, Karin S.; Harmon, Alison H.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary...6 About Towne’s Harvest...8 Mission, Vision and Values...9 The Value of Towne’s Harvest Garden...10 Partner Analysis...11 2008 Plan of Operations and Organizational Structure...12 2008 Expenditures and Income...13 Towne’s Harvest Garden Layout...13 2008 Crop List...15 The Harvest...16 Estimated Yields...17 Labor...18 Distribution...19 CSA Member Feedback...22 Integration into MSU Coursework...23 Community Outreach, Events, and Tours...24 Publicity...25 Lessons Learned...26 2009 Plan of Operation and Organizational Structure...28 Towne’s Harvest Proposed Annual Timeline...31 External Funding for Towne’s Harvest Garden...33 Towne’s Harvest On-going Goals & Progress...34 APPENDIX Friends of Local Foods Brochure | Towne’s Harvest Involvement Brochure 2008 | Towne’s Harvest Garden CSA Program Brochure 2008 | 2008 Newsletter Samples (2) | 2008 Expenditures Detail | 2008 Seeding, Planting Data, & Field Notes | Crop List Detailed Crop Notes | Sustainable Business and Marketing Plan 2008
Planting Seeds: Towne's Harvest Garden at MSU
(2009) Jelenchick, Jaime; Harmon, Alison H.
What’s the future of agriculture in Montana? Join Montana State University students, faculty, and staff, along with area community members, as they build a small research and teaching farm right in Bozeman – Towne’s Harvest Garden. Find out how they are creating a sustainable market garden and learn about the benefits of eating locally in this short, 10-minute documentary, “Planting Seeds.”
University engagement through local food enterprise: community-supported agriculture on campus
(2009-05) Wharton, Christopher; Harmon, Alison H.
Community-supported agriculture programs (CSAs) are growing in number and variety across the country. Though CSAs can be found in a variety of settings, a less common but potentially successful venue in which to run a CSA is the university campus. Although universities present certain challenges for operating a CSA, they offer a number of unique advantages that can aid in the growth and success of the campus CSA. As such, university-based food and nutrition professionals may find that CSA development is a viable avenue through which to accomplish nutrition goals, such as increasing consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables. In this article, the authors review both the benefits and detriments of operating a CSA on a university campus and present 2 different but successful university CSA models.
Contextualizing CBPR: Key Principles of CBPR meet the Indigenous research context
(2009-06) LaVeaux, Deborah; Christopher, Suzanne
This paper addresses two questions regarding the use of Community-based Participatory Research (CBPR) approaches with tribal communities. First, how do “gold standard” CBPR principles hold up when applied to Native American communities and what additional contextual information is necessary to understand and work with these principles in this setting? Second, what additional principles or recommendations are helpful for researchers interested in conducting research using a CBPR approach with tribal communities? We studied a variety of literature sources on CBPR and Native health research to answer these questions. We are unaware of any publications that contextualize CBPR principles for working with specific populations. This information has direct application for conducting research with tribal communities, and confirms the importance of using CBPR approaches in this setting.