Plant Sciences & Plant Pathology

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/12

The Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology is part of the College of Agriculture at Montana State University in Bozeman. An exciting feature of this department is the diversity of programs in Plant Biology, Crop Science, Plant Pathology, Horticulture, Mycology, Plant Genetics and Entomology. The department offers BS, MS, and Ph.D. degree program

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    Molecular Mechanisms of the Co-Evolution of Wheat and Rust Pathogens
    (MDPI, 2023-04) Annan, Emmanuel N.; Huang, Li
    Wheat (Triticum spp.) is a cereal crop domesticated >8000 years ago and the second-most-consumed food crop nowadays. Ever since mankind has written records, cereal rust diseases have been a painful awareness in antiquity documented in the Old Testament (about 750 B.C.). The pathogen causing the wheat stem rust disease is among the first identified plant pathogens in the 1700s, suggesting that wheat and rust pathogens have co-existed for thousands of years. With advanced molecular technologies, wheat and rust genomes have been sequenced, and interactions between the host and the rust pathogens have been extensively studied at molecular levels. In this review, we summarized the research at the molecular level and organized the findings based on the pathogenesis steps of germination, penetration, haustorial formation, and colonization of the rusts to present the molecular mechanisms of the co-evolution of wheat and rust pathogens.
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    A transcriptomic-guided strategy used in identification of a wheat rust pathogen target and modification of the target enhanced host resistance to rust pathogens
    (Frontiers Media SA, 2022-09) Nyamesorto, Bernard; Zhang, Hongtao; Rouse, Matthew; Wang, Meinan; Chen, Xianming; Huang, Li
    Transcriptional reprogramming is an essential feature of plant immunity and is governed by transcription factors (TFs) and co-regulatory proteins associated with discrete transcriptional complexes. On the other hand, effector proteins from pathogens have been shown to hijack these vast repertoires of plant TFs. Our current knowledge of host genes' role (including TFs) involved in pathogen colonization is based on research employing model plants such as Arabidopsis and rice with minimal efforts in wheat rust interactions. In this study, we begun the research by identifying wheat genes that benefit rust pathogens during infection and editing those genes to provide wheat with passive resistance to rust. We identified the wheat MYC4 transcription factor (TF) located on chromosome 1B (TaMYC4-1B) as a rust pathogen target. The gene was upregulated only in susceptible lines in the presence of the pathogens. Down-regulation of TaMYC4-1B using barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing (BSMV-VIGS) in the susceptible cultivar Chinese Spring enhanced its resistance to the stem rust pathogen. Knockout of the TaMYC4-1BL in Cadenza rendered new resistance to races of stem, leaf, and stripe rust pathogens. We developed new germplasm in wheat via modifications of the wheat TaMYC4−1BL transcription factor.
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