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Item Cobalt supplementation affects humoral immune response in beef calves(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 2015) Sager, Robert Bascom; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Glenn Duff; Glenn C. Duff and Carl J. Yeoman were co-authors of the article, 'Cobalt supplementation in pre-weaned calves affects humoral immune response and feedlot health' in the journal 'Proceedings, western section, American Society of Animal Science' which is contained within this thesis.Economic losses from morbidity and mortality associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in beef cattle are approaching $2 billion annually in the United States. Incidence and severity of BRD is increasing despite advances in animal health programs in prevention and treatment compared to twenty years ago. Mineral supplementation during pre-weaning has potential to reduce sickness and improve health. Cobalt (Co) is used by rumen-inhabiting microbes for the production of vitamin B 12. Vitamin B 12 is a cofactor for vital metabolic pathways in tissue carbohydrate and lipid metabolism required for maintenance and growth. Vitamin B 12 is also vital for B-cell proliferation to form plasma cells that secrete antibodies. National Research Council (NRC) recommendations for Co are 0.1 ppm (0.1 mg/kg; DM dry matter basis). Beef production has changed tremendously since NRC recommendations were set in the 1950's. The hypothesis of these three studies is NRC Co concentrations need to be increased to meet today's beef cattle metabolic requirements and production needs. The objectives of these studies were to evaluate if an orally-supplied Co dosed at nursing, pre-weaning, or post weaning affects humoral immune response during the post-weaning feeding period and reduces the incidence of BRD. Mannheimia haemolytica is a major pathogen of BRD which causes increased pathophysiological pulmonary tissue severity, increased treatment time, and increased mortality in beef calves. Calves were vaccinated with M. haemolytica in all studies as an indicator of immune response. Different dosages and forms of Co were administered to evaluate humoral immune response. Results indicate increased NRC Co concentrations affect humoral immune response and potentially improve beef calf health. Study results suggest current NRC Co concentrations should be increased to improve post-weaning health in beef calves.Item Sire by sex and sire by management unit interactions in Simmental cross calves(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1977) Friedrich, Robert LarsItem Starter rations for dairy calves(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1960) Jacobs, Arthur O.Item Incidence and cause of neonatal and postnatal bovine mortality and effects of peripartum complication on subsequent reproductive performance(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1979) Patterson, David JamesItem The utilization of all the colostrum produced by a dairy herd for feeding the calves(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1953) Peace, Earl J.Item The effect of excess calcium with borderline and deficient phosphorus in the rations of steer calves(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1950) Lewis, James K.Item The inclusion of high levels of barley in rations for dairy cows and calves(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1977) Prier, Steven GeorgeItem Self-feeding beef calves mineral mixtures varying in calcium and phosphorus levels(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1958) Smyrl, Samuel H.Item The feeding of mustard oil meal in the concentrate mixture to dairy calves(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1950) Huang, Wei-yipItem Growth patterns of beef calves on western rangeland over discreet intervals in the grazing season(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1989) Church, Steven Bennett
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