LIBRARY (Montana State Un iversfgp Bozeman A RESTAURANT AND LOUNGE FOR SALSM, OREGON Undergraduate Thesis in Architectural. Design By Anita K. Zeigler Submitted to the School of Architecture as partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Batchelor of Architecture at Montana State University Bozeman, Montana March, 1970 CONTENTS Part 1--The Role of Leisure 1.0 Leisure .......... ............ 1 1.1 Histo-y of Leisure 1.2, Definition of Leisure 1.3 Need for Leisure 2.0 Facilities ............ ........ 6 2.1 Fulfillment of Needs 2.2 Entertainment Centers 2.3 Influence in a Community 2.^ Speculation Part II—The Proposed Facility 3.0 The Need in Salem 10 3.1 Salem 3.2 Lack of a Club 4.0 The Site 12 4.1 The Choice 4.2 Proximity to Salem 4.3 Access 4.4 Size 4.5 Ownership and Assessment 4.6 Regulations 4.? Climate 4.8 Vegetation 5.0 Spatial Requirements , , , 17 5.1 Interior 5.2 Exterior Part 3—Appendices Appendix A Area Map: Topaz A-l B Section Map B-l C RA Regulation C-l D Climate Data D-l E Site Map E-l F Photos of Site F-l Summary CONTENTS (Continued) G-l Bibliography H-1 PARJ I THE RDLC or LEISURE 1.0 LEISURE Within iUtterican society, as it is seen today, many hours are spent on forms of relaxation* Emphasis through major media outlets and through higher standards of living has spotlighted leisure as a necessary part of everyday life. But how and why has this development come about? 1.1 History of Leisure At the turn of the century, it was not uncommon to see the so-called "average man" working five and a half days a week, and a workday of nine or even ten hours. • Man's leisure time was only a day and a half. Sunday was devoted to church and family recreation. When most of the working class, except for the young or the lonely, got off work, the duty was to the family, An evening out was a rare and treasured time for all concerned. But industrialization has done much to alter the situation. Minimum of automation and a maximum of workers was the relationship at the turn of the century. But as inventions were developed and man increased his knowledge, the age of Industry gained momentum. It wasn't too long before man organized and developed industries that used more mechanical devices and fewer workers with a better monetary result. But at this time new companies were forming as research continued and made possible jobs for the displaced. The worker was really better off because of increased opportunities and of decreased tedious tasks. Fo- executives, managers, and workers alike, increased automation meant more opportunity to partake in leisure activities, Although in many cases the wck week was as long, the work seemed less strenuous. -1- Theaters, restaurants, and dances became more popular. Places for public entertainment developed into an industry of its own because people wanted, and to some degree needed, a place outside the home for change and relaxa­ tion. The.society of today--19?0--is a. result of this chain of events, and others. Automation has decreased the human requirement in industry while, inmost cases, increased the required knowledge and training. Industrial America has developed many ways of freeing man from trivial tasks. Yet at the same time, man has decreased the once-necessary work force. Unions formed to give the workers—and the non-workers--a better chance of keeping the budgets balanced and the immediate physical needs met. They allowed a man to get better wages, better working conditions, and, more important in terms of leisure, shorter work weeks. After World War II, the length of time on the job was whittled down to five eight-hour days a week. Today the discussion is centered on higher wages...and an even shorter work week. What does this mean to the individual? Man has increased his non-work time from a few hours a week plus Sunday to a greater part of the day plus a two-day weekend. Now having more time to himself, he turns even more quickly to leisure activities. 1.2 Definition of Leisure The big debate today concerns what people can and will do with the increase in "free" time. What will the future bring with its highly- probable cut in the present work week? But, just as important as how to handle leisure time is the under­ standing of what leisure is. Leisure time is mo-e than time off the job. It is also contrasted to the necessities and requirements of existence. Apart from the obligations of work,' family, and society, leisure exists as an activity to which an individual can turn at will for relaxation, diversion, or broadening his knowledge and his spontaneous social participation. Leisure can also be the free exercise of his creative capacity. (2,196?:l6-17). These, then, are the functions of leisure—relaxation, entertainment, personal development. Relaxation provides recovery from fatigue by repairing the physiological and psychological damage brought by the tensions of life and work. Entertainment, then, is diversion from life as it is seen at wor«k, and at the same time entertainment provides a welcome deliverance from boredom. By liberating man from mechanical thought and action, leisure permits personal development. During the leisure process, social partici­ pation and cultivation of the physical and mental self can be explored. Development beyond the utilitarian aspects of the job, or practical advance­ ment, is made possible. (2,1967:14-16). As summarized by Max Kaplan, author of Leisure in America« the essen­ tial elements of leisure "...are (a) an antithesis to "work as an economic function, (b) a pleasant expectation and recollection, (c) a minimum of involuntary social-role obligations, (d) a psychological per­ ception of freedom, (e) a close relation to values of the culture, (f) the inclusion of an entire range from inconse­ quence and insignificance to weightiness and importance, and (g) often, but not necessarily, an activity characterized by the element of play" (4,1960:22) 1.3 Need for Leisure It must be realized that the pursuit of leisure, as defined, is not strictly for enjoyment. Even when the actual pursuit is restricted by money or time, or something equally as binding, the need for leisure is still there. In these cases it is probably even more clamorous. Growth and need of leisure is more emphasized with the presence of urbanization and industrialization. (2,1967:9). The pressures of the living group and, even more, the pressures of the job is increased. Although the quantity of leisure time has grown with industrialization, the fight for a decent wage and the stress from on-the-job pressure have gained momentum. In some cases, such as in management, the stress has in­ creased beyong the scope of what can be handled in the 40-hou^ work week. Man works harder to get as much in less time. But it is more than a physical time-pressure factor that makes leisure important. Leisure has gained other implications. It deals with people... the hours and the ways of behavior in which man is freest to be himself. It is in his use of off-work time that projects what he is, who he is, and where he wants to go. (4,1960:4). It is how he can communicate his person­ ality, his aspirations that tells him and those near him what kind of person he wants to be...and is. Whether mon spends his extra time working on his job, or being with his family, or seeking some form of personal and social satisfaction, he is himself. It is when he can use his free time free of pressure and scrutiny that he can find and develop his personal nature. At the same time, "there is a need for a person to be rooted, to be wanted, to belong." (^,1960:2?). He must associate with others to grow mentally and emotionally. By nature, man is a gregarious animal. He needs others to help fulfill his needs as a social being. Only through others can his desires and aspirations be projected and known. Development means little if left totally unrecognized, for the personal view may distort the actual man. Through his off-the-job association with others, then, man increases, realizes, and possibly fulfills himself. Although a person wants to belong, he also wants to be himself. In his association with others, generally man today wants to be recognized as a person rather than be a face in the crowd. It is in his social activities that he can project his ideas and receive the ideas of others. Conformity in activities and in form does not dictate that man must conform in ideas and ideals. Leisure time does more than fit a definition set by men. It is required to fit the needs of man...needs of emotional release, personal development, social growth. How these needs are met is a problem of the individual, in­ fluenced by his surroundings. 2.0 FACILITIES FOR LEISURE 2.1 Falfiliment of Needs Special facilities are one way in which the needs of man for leisure can at least be partially fulfilled. These facilities are places where man can relaxe and escape the pressures surrounding him. Movie theaters; stage plays; recreation areas for camping, picniking, etc.; restaurants••.all of these would be an area geared toward man's use of his leisure time. Leisure has its incentive and its fulfillment within the individual himself. It is up to him how and when he choses to use his off-the-job hours. But it is up to the professions--architecture, planners, environmen­ tal designers—to make choices available to him. His choice of leisure activity, or entertainment center, allows him to project that personality he most wishes to develop. Providing a place outside the home where man can use his leisure time fulfills his needs more than does the day-to-day returning to the pressures and problems often found at home. By allowing man to essentially escape all these work and family problem-atmospheres, he can find a way to develop him­ self in other ways through the association with people in a different place. His problems and pressures may not seen so great if he can relax in a new atmosphere and find a different place. His problems and pressures may not seem as great if he can -elax in a new atmosphere and find a different view­ point toward those pressures. This does not mean he deserts his family to seek leisure. Many times the relaxation and diversion can come through the family in another setting. It is important, then, to give a man a way to shut the door on his "responsibilities" and maintain or even regain himself. -6- Entertainment centers provide a path toward sociability. And, like­ wise, socialability "...is still a persistent form in which people meet basic social needs to belong, to assert themselves, to explore others in depth, in which the person learns more about him­ self, how to communicate, how to bring (tact into social re­ lationships .(4,1960 s 178). 2.2 Entertainment Centers Entertainment centers, as a fulfiller of human needs, can take nearly any form. One of the many fomis seen today is the nightclub, a restaurant- lounge combination, A center is a convenient, quick-access community place where man can at least temporarily find release from the pressures of work and of home. But more than convenient, a club can provide variety and diversion from the life led most of the day. Searching out other people as a means of release can be simply done in such an atmosphere of relaxation. The actual type of relaxation can differ depending on the setting the patron is in relative to other people. It can be the hectic, noisy, bustlin atmosphere of a "rock joint". Or, it can be refined and soothing in an elegantly furnished, semi-private setting using the sounds of a big dance band to set the mood. In most cases the music sets the mood or atmosphere of a place more dramatically than even the design, although the one, in essence, is dependent on the second. The center can be a gathering place or simply a place where people can go for entertainment and relaxation. It can allow man to intermix with others, and thereby fulfill his social, emotional, and personal needs in the span of a single evening. 2.3 Influence in a Community The presence of an entertainment center not only gives the people within a community the opportunity to utilize their leisure time, it can also become a means of drawing more people to the area for a short period of time. A center is not just a leisure area. It is in itself a form of indus­ try. The entertainment of the public has become a highly successful business venture. It provides the social outlet needed by the pressured man of today. Since the need is present, the existence of a club within the community helps recirculate income, thereby making it an economic plus psychologic asset, If designed to suit the people of the area and to give them a new and different place to relax, the club can gain a good reputation and pos­ sibly draw people and more income into the community for this purpose of .leisure. In these ways, the club becomes an asset to the people while not becoming just another exploiting business. 2.4 Speculation The success of usefulness of a center anywhere is strictly a matter of speculation. Unlike commercial businesses or public buildings such as hospitals and libraries, a center* cannot be measured on an obvious and scientific scale of physical need. Sensing possible success in a given area, people finance its erection in hopes that it will be successful. -8- The degree of success depends on many things relative to the community. Fi~st, the community must have the ability to support the center--either within itself or from the surrounding area. Not only must there be financial supports there must exist the need for such a facility, The need, as men­ tioned before, is both physical and psychological. A third aspect of suc­ cess would be. the existence of an equal facility in the vicinity. If one does exist, is the community large enough to handle both or will the new building have to strongly compete for the business of the same people? A major factor that determines the success of a center would be the personnel. But this is a problem of management and does not enter the picture in the design phase. It should be kept in mind, however, that this is the area in which most of the unsuccessful clubs go broke or are forced to change hands, part of the manager's problems can be alleviated by de­ signing for both the personnel and the patrons. But beyond this design consideration, this success factor is out of the influence of the designer. PARJ n JHC pROpDECD pAClLlJY 3.0 THE NEED IN SALEM 3.1 Salem Salem is the capital city of Oregon. Located on the Willamette ftiver, it has become a strong commercial and marketing center. Supporting a popu­ lation of nearly 70,000 people, Salem is the second largest city in Oregon. If one counts the urbanized areas surrounding the city proper, a figure of over 100,000 can be obtained. For a city this size, Salem contains few actual industrial plants. The bulk of its population consists of businessmen, government officials, and university members. Willamette University, located across the street from the capitol building, draws students from all over the world for the study of law, music and liberal arts. The city itself is a clean, beautiful area that nestles between the Cascade Mountains and the Coastal Range. Its main drawing factor is its quiet beauty and its governmental importance. Many people live in Salem and commute to nearby cities and towns for employment because they enjoy the quiet atmosphere and the beauty that is present regardless of its >~apid growth. Salem is a growing co-munity. In recent years it has annexed areas to the south and to the west to increase the population from 45,000 to its present level. But growth is not simply by the shift of the city limits. New residential areas are developing rapidly in those directions. Land is becoming a premium not only within the city limits, but also just outside them. 3.2 Lack of a Center The question now arises, can a center find success in Salem? At the present time no entertainment center exists that adequately combines restaurant atmosphere -with an entertainment lounge. There are ex­ cellent restaurants in Salem, such as the Prime Rib. But the emphasis is on its river setting and its food. People do not go there because of its small lounge and piano bar. Of course if one is strictly interested in the lounge, Andy's or the Ranch would suffice. Here is a small dance floor, live music, and popular lounge areas are the highlights. Both have restau­ rants available, but neither is known for its restaurant...nor do they emphasize these facilities in advertising or reputation. As one can see, an entertainment center as proposed—restaurant, lounge, and dance—at this time does not exist. An area of total relaxation is needed so that a time limit is not placed on the extent of the leisure. By pro­ viding all of these facilities in one building, an entire evening of release is made possible. The quiet atmosphere desired in this center opposes the hectic feeling obtained in the lounge facilities already mentioned. It is hoped that this center will give people the opportunity to more closely examine themselves and further their personal development. Here it would be possible because of the atmosphere that encourages conversation and social growth. Since the center is proposed for such an active, growing city, it could become a profitable business...plus being an psychological asset. The lack of an equal facility within a 40-mile radius gives it an even greater chance for success. It can be seen that in this center, there exists many factors that would make it a good speculative risk. 4.0 THE SITE 4.1 The Choice The amount of available land in and around the city limits of Salem is small. If one were to choose a downtown site, not only would land cost be a premium, but the problems of demolition and of parking would also arise. Possible land farther away from the city center, within city limits, would result in property taxes, high assessed value, and again, parking area. But even if the problems were reasonably coped with, ther-e would be heavy traffic areas that would be used in order to arrive at the site. For a patron who would have to travel across town ( a distance of nearly eight miles ), this would be quite important. A problem with a site even just outside the city limits would be the people who live near the center. Traffic and noise possibilities might make it impossible to obtain zone changes or a building permit due to public opinion. With these facts in mind, a site on a hill overlooking the city was chosen. Although it seems like quite a distance outside the city, the city's growth plus the major fast access routes make it highly feasible, 4.2 Proximity to Salem The proposed site lies southeast of the main city. Existing on a hill, it overlooks the city to the west. On a relatively clear day, one can see the gold statue atop the capitol and can distinquish some of the downtown section. The evening viexsr would afford a panoramic view of a lighted city about twenty square miles, with lights thinning at the outskirts as the city- proper melts into the residential areas,' 4.3 Access The site is about 7 miles from downtown Salem, but is easily accessible by way of major highways. The Santiam Highway, cutting a corner of the site, has an exit at Joseph Street,,.about 700 feet from the site. Emptying into Interstate 5» the highway can bring both Salem and out-of-town patrons to the proposed facility, Access to the site itself becomes a little more difficult. Though a major highway cuts the property, it cannot provide direct access since it is a limited-access highway. Right of way will have to be obtained from a 1 f o bordering land owner to achieve the desired roadway. 4.4 Size 2 The site,trapezoidal in shape, contains 35*13 acres. Buying the entire site would allow for the future convention-center complex development, where a motel with extensive meeting and display areas would be provided. If only part of the land were to be purchased, the most desirable would be nearly 3 centered, making the remainder of the area useless to the present owner.- 1 See Appendix A, ^ See Appendix B. 3 See Appendices E and F. The adjoining property of Mrs. Hazel Roenicke would have to be purchased in part for the right-of-way access, The site has a drop to the northwest of approximately 75 feet. This drop extends along a diagonal through the site, making the visual shape of the land appear more gentle, 4*5 Ownership and Assessment The site, presently owned by Mr, Dennis Frank of Mill City, is essen­ tially undeveloped in nature. Because of this classification, the county has assessed the 35 acres at $24,630.00. The land of Mrs® rcoenicke, like­ wise classified, is assessed at $36,280.00 for her 47 acres, 4.6 Regulations The site is presented zoned RA, or residential agricultural, for the city of Salem. This zone does not allow for commercial or business buildings to be erected, the category under which the club would be found. A zone variance would have to be aoplied fo7", in hopes that the land would be re- zoned for this special construction. Since the site is undeveloped and the land for right-of-way is also undeveloped, there would be little problem of changing the zone once the land was purchased. Before the variance appli­ cation can be submitted, full plans of the building and, especially, of the site would have to be completed, If the variance is granted, it must be exercised within six months of the effective date to remain valid. The regulations fo" the site would be determined, for the most part, uoon grant of the variance. During designing, the RA regulations would be observed so that the variance would create few changes since RA is more restrictive than CG, commercial general. Zoning regulations for RA are as follows;^ Height: not to exceed. 35 feet unless a public building, which could be a maximum of ?0 feet, where the building setbacks are increased a foot for every foot over 35 feet Rear Yardss a minimum of 36 feet for the 35 foot height Side lards: width not less than 6 feet It can be noted at this time that all other regulations governing the construction of the club would be f^om the Uniform Building Code and the State Fire Marshall Code, which closely parallels the UBC. 4.7 Climate The average annual rainfall in Salem is between 35 and 45 inches, About 70 percent of this annual rain falls during the five-month period of November through March, with only 5 percent occurring during the summer months. Occasionally precipitation comes in forms other than rain. But during the average year, there are less than five days with measurable amounts of snow. The temperature in Salem remains quite moderate, accounting for the large amount of rain. A temperature differential of 29° occurs between the Complete RA regulations in Aopendix C. mean January and the mean July temperature recordings, this, combined with 5 the moisture, gives the valley a growing season of six and a half months. 4.8 Vegetation The site, at present, is overgrown with tall grass. There are three or four main trees on the hill itself. The largest and most dominant being the oak standing atop the main rise. All trees and shrubs seem to be in good condition and would be left undamaged as the building is erected. Although the site itself has little major vegetation, the surrounding areas make up for the lacking. Across the main highway are hills moderately covered with trees. Most important, at the base of the hill (to the west) runs a small creek lined with massive vegetation. To the north of the site are cherry orchards that form a barrier between the proposed building and the nearest residence.0 Complete climate data in Appendix D. Map and photos in Appendices E and F, -16- 5.0 SPATIAL REQUIREMENTS 5.1 Interior The purpose of the center, or nightclub, is to create a different, relaxing atmosphere while combining enough functions that ie can serve as a total entertainment center for a full evening. With this in mind, the following major spaces will be created, A main drawing factor of many restaurants is the availability of a banquet room. Provided as a separate entity in itself, it will cater to luncheons, banquets, and major dinner parties. It will contain a portable bar so that the main bar will not be called upon to serve the additional banquet guests, A banquet room, to draw many groups, would vary in size to accommodate groups of 150 people, An adjoining waiting-room lounge would allow the people to wait in comfort before the event began. This would be the location of the portable bar so that space in the banquet- room proper would not be used, The main restaurant area of the center would be geared toward a form of "luxury" dining, providing an easy, relaxed atmosphere, Yet it will be so designed as to welcome family and formal groups alike. A seating area and layout will provide quick, easy service to nearly 100 patrons. The main lounge, with a dance floor, would be designed for 150. Located in a separate area from the restaurant, the patrons of one area will not feel a direct part of the other. Yet there should be a type of contact be­ tween the two for the benefit of the restaurant patrons if visiting enter­ tainers are booked at the lounge. The actual bar portion of the lounge would not be an area of attraction, so the emphasis will remain on the dance floor-band area, The bar area of the lounge would serve 20, -17- The dance floor of the lounge should hold ^0 couples with relative ease, Yet a dance area this large would be uncomfortable for just a few couples to enjoy. The area, then, should be expandable, The band platform would accommodate groups up to 15 members. This would allow for a dance band to perform with relative ease, yet, at the manager's discretion, a smaller combo could also entertain. Other spaces, such as the kitchen, the rest rooms, the restaurant waiting area, etc,, would be designed according to the final floor areas and the relationships between them. At this point these spaces, as well as storage and mechanical rooms, are not being neglected,. .they are simply left undefined until the major spaces are finalized. 5.2 Exterior Once the building has been erected, extensive landscaping will be re­ quired to prevent major erosion. Yet it will have to be used with discre­ tion so as not to ruin the view and beauty that is already there. An entrance road at least 20 feet in width will have to be provided, along with a service loading area of no less than 12 feet wide and 20 feet long, A parking area sufficient to handle 200 cars, or such amount as dictated by floor areas, will be provided. If a future motel complex is to be considered, increase of this parking area will be taken into account. Sufficient exterior lighting will be provided to insure safety and to enhance the facilities, yet positioned so as not to hinder the public high­ way or any private residences. PARJ HI AppCNDICCE TOPOGRAPHIC MAP SYMBOLS APPENDIX A V A R I A T I O N S W I L L B E F O U N D O N O L D E R M A P S Hard surface, heavy duty road, four or more lanes Hard surface, heavy duty road, two or three lanes . ^Hard surface, medium duty road, four or more lanes. Hard surface, medium duty road, two or three lanes Improved l ight duty road Unimproved dirt road and trail Dual highway, dividing strip 25 feet or less. Dual highway, dividing strip exceeding 25 feet. Road under construction Railroad, single track and mult iple track Railroads in juxtaposit ion Narrow gage, single track and mult iple track Railroad in street and carl ine Bridge, road and railroad . . Drawbridge, road and rai lroad Footbridge Tunnel, road and railroad Overpass and underpass Important small masonry or earth dam Dam with lock Dam with road ==e zi -H Canal with lock r" < Boundary, national State County, parish, municipio. . . Civil township, precinct, town, barrio Incorporated city, vil lage, town, hamlet Reservation, national or state Small park, cemetery, airport, etc Land grant Township or range line, United States land survey Township or range line, approximate location Section l ine. United States land survey — Section l ine, approximate location Township l ine, not United States land survey Section l ine, not United States land survey Section corner, found and indicated + .+ Boundary monument: land grant and other • United States mineral or location monument a Buildings (dwell ing, place of employment, etc.) bB e School, church, and cemetery i iL .tj Build ings (barn, warehouse, etc.) ^ IIH ^ Power transmission l ine % Telephone l ine, pipeline, etc. ( labeled as to type) Wells other than water ( labeled as to type) oOil o Gas Tanks; oil, water, etc. ( labeled as to type) • • • €^Water Located or landmark object; windmil l ° 8 Open pit, mine, or quarry; prospect ^ x Shaft and tunnel entrance B ^ Index contour Supplementary contour Fil l Levee Wash Tail ings pond Distorted surface Gravel beach Intermediate contour. . Depression contours . . Cut Levee with road Horizontal and vertical control station: Tablet, spirit level elevation BM A5653 Other recoverable mark, spiri t level elevation; A5455 horizontal control station: tablet, vertical angle elevation VABMA9519 Any recoverable mark, vertical angle or checked elevation A3775 Vertical control station: tablet, spir i t level elevation BM X957 Other recoverable mark, spiri t level elevation X954 Checked spot elevation x *675 Unchecked spot elevation and water elevation xs657. . . ,87o Perennial streams Elevated aqueduct Water well and spring. Small rapids Large rapids Intermittent lake Foreshore flat Sounding, depth curve. Exposed wreck Intermittent streams. Aqueduct tunnel Disappearing stream. . Small falls Large falls —— Dry lake , — v \_ Rock or coral reef. . . . -— Piling or dolphin -•h Sunken wreck Rock, bare or awash; dangerous to navigation Submerged marsh . . . Marsh (swamp) Mangrove Wooded Orchard. . . . Woods or brushwood . . Scrub . . . Vineyard nundation area A-l GFFY DRIVE MAP, DATED 1957, DOES NOT INCLUDE SANTIAM HIGHWAY. PSNCIL INDICATION IS AN ESTIMATE OF THE LOCATION. APPENDIX B GahqjM SL APPENDIX C CHAPTER 130 RA RESIDENTIAL AGRICULTURAL DISTRICT 130.010. Use 130.020. Transitional Uses 130.030 Conditional Uses 130.040. Height 130.050. Rear Yards 130.060. Side Yards 130 070. Front Yard 130.080. Lot Area and Width Z O N I N G 130.010. USE. Within any RA Residential Agricultural District no building, structure or premises shall be used, dfanged or designed to be used, erected, structurally altered or enlarged, except for one or more of the following uses: (a) Single-family dwelling; (b) Public and semi-public uses buildings and ructures: (1) Playgrounds, parks; (2) Hospitals, providing a SO foot building setback is maintained from abutting, privately owned perty; (3) Public buildings and structures such as libraries, stations. (c) Other main uses: (1) Gardens, orchards and crop cultivation, thout a sales area or retail business; (2) Private stables and bams; (3) Raising of livestock and poultry by resident of the premises for their own private, non-commercial use; (d) Right of way for: (1) Electric service lines; (2) Gas mains; (3) Communication lines; (4) Water lines; (5) Sewer lines; (e) Public utilities electric sub-stations and telephone substations, when they comply with all yard and setback requirements. (f) Accessory uses and structures: (1) Customary residential accessory buildings for private use, such as pergola, greenhouse, hot house, hobby shop, or hobby house, summer house, patios, enclosed or covered patios, wood shed, quarters for domestic animals maintained as pets of the residents; (2) Fallout shelters; (3) Fences; (4) Garages and parking areas for the storage and protection of the automobiles of the residents of the dwelling, including a private garage for not more than three motor vehicles for each single-family dwelling on the same lot with CM- within the dwelling to which it is accessory and in which no garage, business or industry is conducted; (5) Storage for a commercial vehicle, maximum of one per dwelling; (6) Sleeping quarters in a garage for domestic employees of the resident of the main building to which the garage is attached; (7) Guest houses and guest quarters not in the main building are permitted if such quarters are and remain dependent upon the main building for either or both kitchen and bathroom facilities and the guest facilities are not used for residential purposes; (8) Swimming pools for private use (requires a building permit); (g) Home occupations, as defined in Section 110.270. (h) The taking of boarders or leasing of rooms by a resident family, providing the total number of boarders and roomers does not exceed two in a single family dwelling, nor more than four in any legally established two family dwelling. 130.020. TRANSITIONAL USES. Transitional uses shall be permitted in an RA district where the side of a lot abuts upon any business district or industrial district, provided that such transitional use does not extend across a street or alley and in no case more than 165 feet from the boundary of the less restricted district which it adjoins, as follows: (a) Dwellings: (1) Two family dwellings; (b) Public and semi-public uses, buildings and structures: (1) Churches, if set back from all side and rear property lines at least 20 feet; (2) Community or neighborhood club buildings, including swimming pools and other allied facilities, when erected by a non-profit community club for the improvement of the district or social recreation of the members; (c) Other main uses: (1) Public automobile parking area when located and developed as prescribed by Chapter 118; (2) Outdoor plant nursery with no retail sales; (3) Privately, operated kindergartens or day nurseries, provided the residential character of the building is unchanged. 130.030. CONDITIONAL USES. When authorized under the procedure provided for conditional uses in this ordinance, the following uses will be permitted in an RA district: (a) Public and semi-public uses buildings and structures: (1) Churches, if set back from all side and rear property lines at least 20 feet; (2) Community or neighborhood club buildings, including swimming pools and other allied facilities, when erected by a non-profit community club for the improvement of the district or social recreation of the members; (3) Radio and TV transmitters and antennaes; (4) Riding clubs and stables, rodeo grounds and similar uses; (5) Schools (elementary, junior high, and high school); C-2 58- Z O N I N G (b) Miscellaneous uses: (1) Privately operated kindergartens or day nurseries, provided the residential character of the building is unchanged; (2) Beauty shop where no assistants are employed; (3) Use of an accessory building for conducting a home occupation; (c) Dwellings: (1) Two family dwellings (duplexes) on a corner lot of 7,000 square feet or more. (d) Boat, camper and trailer storage area or lot: (provided all of the following conditions are met); (1) That no sales area, retail business, or service may be operated in connection therewith, nor shall any substantial maintenance or repair of any vehicle or equipment stored thereon be conducted on the premises, whether by the owner or otherwise, unless such work be perfoimed wholly within a building (2) That the front yard and any other yard adjacent to a street shall be landscaped with an evergreen ground cover; further, that this landscaping shall be adequately and permanently maintained. (3) That an ornamental, sight obscuring fence, or wall, having a height of at least six feet, or a compact evergreen hedge not less than four feet in height when planted and capable of reaching at least six feet within three years be placed at the front yard setback line and at the setback line of any other yard adjacent to a street, and along all other property lines; provided, however, that the planning commission may require additional screening and landscaping where topography or other special conditions indicate such to be necessary to adequately screen the area (4) That the lot be paved in conformity with section 118 070, or gravelled and maintained in a dust free condition at all times (5) That lighting shall be so oriented to not shine or reflect upon abutting properties nor into the traveling lanes of any street (6) That any building used in conjunction with the storage lot shall conform to all yard setbacks as for the main buildings in an RS district, and said buildings shall be architecturally designed and constructed of materials compatible with the residential development in the subdivision or neighborhood (7) That the aiea be opeiated by a non-profit neighborhood home owners association 130.040. HEIGHT. In an RA district, no building or structure shall exceed 35 feet or two and one-half stories in height, except churches and public and semi-publtc buddings, where permitted, may be built to a height of 70 feet or six stories, provided any such building sets back from every street and lot line one foot for each foot of height of the building in excess of 35 feet, in addition to other yard and setback requirements heiein specified 130.050. REAR YARDS There shall be a rear yard on every lot in an RA district, which rear yard shall have a minimum depth of 24 feet for a one story building, 30 feet for a two story building and 36 feet for a two and one-half story building In the case of a corner lot, the minimum depth shall be 14 feet for a one story building, 20 feet foi a two story building and 26 feei foi a two and one-half story building, and the rear yaid may be provided adjacent to either interior lot line; provided, however, any rear yard provided adjacent to a street shall conform to the setback set forth in Section 1 \ 3.080. < 130.060 SIDE YARDS There shall be aside yard on each side of the main building on every lot in an RA district in width not less than 5 feet for a one-story building, nor less than six feet for a two or two and one-half story building; provided, however, any side yard provided adjacent to a street shall conform to the setback set forth in Section 113.080 130.070 FRONT YARD Every building erected, constructed, or altered in an RA district shall confoim to the front yard setback set forth in Section 113 080 When by this ordinance or any other ordinance a greater setback oi a front yard of greater depth is iequi?ed than specified in this section, then such gieater setback line or front yard depth shall apply J 30.080 LOT AREA AND WIDTH In an RA district the minimum requirements for lot area shall be 6,000 squate feet for each dwelling and every lot shall have a minimum width of sixty feet at the front building line No dwelling or main building, other than a dwelling, shall occupy more than thiity per cent of the lot area, except where an accessory butld'ng is attached to oi made a part of the dwelling, oi mam building, in wh ch case thirty-five per cent of the lot aiea may be occupied by such dwelling or mam building The mm'mum lot area requirements for buildings other than dwellings shall be of an area no' less than the sum of the area occupied by the building or buddings, and the aiea required foi yards herein, or 6,000 square feet, whichever is greater C-3 "59" APPENDIX D E 3 R Mojaq pus ,0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o © 3 "fO 3 S MO[aq pus . 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I °!s § |i- - t - g ! | § si 5*8B fl tflgijl |g •21»!?dPi " O r f = c . 7 ® £ . J J O J < H E S - S ' I D-1 AVERAGE TEMPERATURE TOTAL DEGREE DAYS SALEM, OREGON McNARY FIELD Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Annual Season July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June Total 1931 43.0 42.3 47.1 52.2 58.8 60.0 67.0 66.0 60.6 53.0 41.6 38.8 52.5 1944-45 710 573 634 461 223 134 1932 38.1 40.0 46.2 50.2 54.7 63.8 63.7 66.8 61.6 55.6 47.2 36.0 52.0 1933 38.8 37.6 45.6 49.4 52.0 60.6 65.0 66.9 57.8 54.2 43.8 46.2 51.5 1945-46 22 13 160 360 579 746 767 629 587 442 204 158 4667 1934 45.6 46.0 52.0 56.0 58.2 62.3 64.5 66.6 60.0 55.4 50.0 42 .2 54. 9 1946-47 32 17 153 459 647 724 870 546 496 351 159 140 4594 1935 40.0 43.3 43.3 50.1 54.4 62.0 65.8 65.9 63.6 51.3 41.0 39.0 51.6 1947-48 23 47 98 330 552 709 788 711 649 524 307 68 4806 1948-49 48 34 168 410 654 851 1101 679 568 367 203 110 5193 1936 42.7 35.4 44.0 53.5 58.3 62.6 65.6 66.0 60.6 55.3 41.2 42 .7 52.3 1949-50 35 27 94 503 477 771 1089 657 618 492 296 113 5172 1937 30.0 41.6 48.6 50.0 57.2 62.6 65.7 64.8 60.9 56.0 48.8 42.4 52.4 1938 39.4 42.6 45.2 51.8 57.0 63.1 69.2 64.1 65.2 54.0 42.5 42 .0 53.0 1950-51 14 17 126 403 542 537 774 606 740 366 281 85 4491 1939 41.8 39.8 47.6 52.9 57.6 59.6 67.8 67.0 63.2 54.3 47.2 44 . 8 53.6 1951-52 20 52 96 362 585 844 816 703 640 431 295 168 5012 1940 39.7 45.4 49.4 52.4 59.2 64.0 66.5 68.5 63.8 56.6 43.4 42 . 7 54. 4 1952-53 24 42 87 232 785 736 553 607 616 467 336 215 4700 1953-54 52 44 94 329 514 691 761 614 678 478 287 232 4774 1941 42.0 45 . 4 51.2 53.0 56.6 62.2 72.0 68.0 60.3 53.9 46.6 42.2 54 1954-55 74 65 174 415 472 767 793 692 724 586 367 171 5300 1942 35.6 43.0 45.7 51.8 55.8 60.2 68.6 69.3 63.2 55.3 45.8 43.9 53.? 1943 33.8 44.0 45.4 53.3 54.5 60.2 67.0 66.1 65.5 54.6 45.6 39.2 52. I 1955-56 96 55 172 358 652 731 736 805 647 405 213 200 5070 1944 39.2 42.8 45.8 50.8 56.4 61.4 67.7 66.2 65.3 57.4 45.2 38.4 53.0 1956-57 33 47 102 407 670 765 986 618 554 393 201 103 4879 1945 42.0 44.6 44.5 49.6 58.0 61.7 68.0 67.4 60.2 53.4 45.8 41 .0 53.0 1957-58 39 45 47 359 657 674 680 463 614 436 142 68 4224 1958-59 0 2 110 296 539 593 682 612 579 417 333 119 4282 1946 40.2 42.6 46.1 50.2 58.4 60.4 67.3 67.4 60.4 50.2 43.5 41 .6 52.4 1959-60 33 31 147 320 615 782 873 673 634 457 384 135 5084 1947 37.0 45.5 49.0 53.4 60.6 60.6 65.7 64.6 63.0 54.4 46.6 42.0 5 3 . 5 473 4497 1948 39.5 40.6 44.0 47.6 55.2 65.0 65.4 65.0 61.0 51.7 1960-61 32 59 106 309 538 765 675 524 570 334 112 1949 29.5 40.7 46.8 52.8 58.9 6 2.2 66.0 66.2 63.3 48.7 49.2 40.2 52.0 1961-62 26 9 199 382 706 737 857 673 647 419 414 171 5240 1950 29.7 41.3 44.8 48.4 55.2 62.2 67.3 68.8 61.8 51.9 46.8 47.4 52.1 1962-63 91 49 86 377 542 713 964 475 630 531 302 185 4945 1963-64 102 35 43 340 559 770 715 710 658 501 346 135 4914 1951 39.8 43.1 41.0 52.5 55.9 64.0 66.7 64.7 62.7 53.1 45.3 37.6 52.2 1964-65 41 79 181 357 684 783 751 607 565 433 390 188 5059 1952 38.5 40.6 44.2 50.4 55.5 59.3 67.3 66.0 63.8 57.4 38.6 41 .0 51.9 4808 1953 47.0 43.0 44.9 49 . 2 54.1 57.5 64.7 . 65.4 62.5 54.2 47.6 42 . 5 52.7 1965-66 46 26 166 293 505 836 781 679 629 425 308 114 1954 40 *2 42.9 42.9 48.9 55.6 57.0 62.7 63.1 59.0 51 .3 49.0 40. 1 51.1 1966-67 44 24 74 375 530 637 642 620 669 604 323 73 4615 1955 39.2 40.0 41.4 45.2 53.1 59.9 62.6 64.5 60.4 53.2 43.0 41.1 50.3 1967—68 11 2 47 323 549 706 778 481 541 536 318 167 4459 1968-69 47 49 142 413 581 860 1956 41.1 37.0 43.9 51.3 58.6 58.5 67.8 65.2 61.7 51.7 42.4 40.1 51.6 1957 33.0 42.7 46.9 51.8 58.4 61.7 64.7 63.8 65.3 53.3 42.9 43.1 52.3 1958 42.9 48.3 45.0 50.2 61.0 65.0 71.2 70.3 62.4 55.4 46.9 45.5 55.4 1959 42.8 42.9 46.0 50.8 54.0 61.6 68.0 65.5 60.2 54.4 44.3 39.6 52.5 1960 36.6 41.6 44.4 49.6 52.5 60.7 67.6 64.8 62.4 54.8 46.9 40.1 51.8 1961 43.0 46.1 46.4 49.1 54.0 63.3 67.5 69.3 58.3 52.6 41.2 41.0 52.6 1962 37.1 40.8 43.9 50.9 51.4 59.3 64.3 64.8 62.5 52.6 46 . 7 41.7 1963 33.7 47.7 44.4 47.0 55.2 59.1 61.9 65.3 65.7 53.8 46.1 39.9 51.7 1964 41.7 40.3 43.7 48.1 53.7 60.3 66.4 63.8 58.8 53.2 42.0 39.6 51.0 1965 40.5 43.1 46.6 50.3 52.2 58.9 67.2 66.7 59.6 55.3 47.9 37.8 52.2 1966 39.6 40.6 44.6 50.5 54.9 61.8 65.2 66.9 63.2 52.6 47.1 44.2 52.6 1967 44.1 42.6 43.1 44.6 54.4 64.2 67.6 71.6 64.9 54.3 46.4 42.0 53.3 1968 39.7 48.1 47.3 46.9 54.5 59.6 66.1 65.2 60.5 51.5 45.3 37.0 51.8 RECORD MEAN 39.1 42*9 45.4 50.2 55.9 61.1 66.7 66.3 62.3 53.6 45.2 41.2 52.5 MAX 45.6 51.2 54.9 61.5 68.2 74.0 82.4 81.4 76.7 64.2 52.9 47.4 63.4 MIN 32.5 34.6 35.8 38.9 43.5 48.2 51.0 51.2 47.8 42.9 37.5 34.9 41.6 TOTAL PRECIPITATION TOTAL SNOWFALL Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Annual Season July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June Total 1931 6.75 3.46 6.49 3.38 0.78 3.35 0.00 T 1.59 4.48 7.38 10.98 48.64 ^930-31 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.o o.o 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1932 6.08 2.00 6.06 3.38 3.06 0.22 0.65 0.54 0.01 4.33 7.96 7.77 42.06 1931-32 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.5 T o.o 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 1933 9.26 4.38 5.89 0.48 4.61 1.58 0.00 0.37 2.99 3.83 1.63 17.54 52.56 1932-33 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 2.1 1.0 0.0 T 0.0 0.0 3.4 1934 6.40 1.59 3.89 2.33 1.35 0.34 0.30 0.27 0.43 3.64 9.49 9.38 39.41 1933-34 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.o 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1935 4.39 4.00 6.20 1.87 0.41 0.36 0.39 0.53 1.20 3.30 2.26 5.99 30.90 1934-35 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 9.8 0.0 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.8 1936 10.22 " 5.57 3.13 1*13 3.41 1.11 0.49 T 1.49 0.21 0.48 6.37 33.61 1935-36 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 2.0 T 0.0 0.0 8.2 1937 6.17 10.36 3.19 7.68 1.60 4.61 0.13 0.71 0.91 3.41 11.13 13.60 63.50 1936-37 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.7 25.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33.9 1938 4.48 7.60 8.42 2.27 0.78 0.08 0.36 0.06 1.38 3.68 4.26 5.18 38.55 1937-38 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T T T 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 1939 6.00 5.08 2.65 0.39 0.90 0.98 0.47 1.04 0.38 2.63 0.84 10.32 31.68 1938-39 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1940 4.75 11.66 5.94 1.99 2.17 0.07 0.62 T 2.36 3.79 4.55 5.03 42.93 1939-40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.0 T o.o 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.o T 1941 4.25 1.43 1.95 1 .80 3.83 0.49 0.03 1.33 2.37 2.87 5.36 8.43 34.14 1940-41 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 . 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.o 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1942 4.79 3.10 1.27 1.74 4.58 1.69 0.92 0.04 0.01 2. 04 13.38 11.70 45.26 1941-42 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 T T T 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1943 4.35 4.50 6.71 2.75 1.09 3.38 0.32 2.14 0.06 6.31 2.36 5.17 •29.14 1942-43 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.o 1.5 22.1 T 0.0 T 0.0 o.o 23.6 1944 5.27 3.53 1.64 2.75 0.93 0.50 0.05 0.05 1.97 1.54 4.30 2.67 25.20 1943-44 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.0 0.0 T 0.0 0.0 T 1945 5.34 5.92 6.67 2.89 4.44 0.32 0.51 0.20 2.46 1.75 10.73 6.25 47.48 1944-45 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1946 6.57 5.77 5.72 1.14 1.15 1.28 0.72 0.09 1.89 4.55 8.04 4.45 41.37 1945-46 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.o 0.0 T T 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1947 3.23 3.43 5.29 2.24 0.18 3.60 1.41 0.44 1.01 11.17 3.42 4.11 39.53 1946-47 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.o T 2.9 o.o 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.9 1948 6.73 6.35 5.01 3.85 4.15 0.38 0.60 0.52 2.60 2.26 7.56 9.14 49.15 1947-48 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.o T 0.5 T 0.5 T 0.0 0.0 1.0 1949 0.57 12.31 3.06 1.00 2.23 0.97 0.26 0.38 1.37 2.31 5.86 5.45 35.77 1948-49 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.3 3.5 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.2 1950 11.70 6.22 4.86 1 .88 1.21 2.80 0.18 0.35 0.84 10.74 9.67 6.10 56.55 1949-50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.o T 32.8 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 33.5 1951 9.49 5.43 4.02 0.98 2.49 0.01 0.17 0.65 3.22 7.29 6.99 6.73 47.47 1950-51 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.o T 0.1 T 10.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.10 1952 6.60 4.86 2.59 1.57 0.20 2.64 0.00 0.03 0.20 0.83 1.73 8.63 29.88 1951-52 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.5 5.8 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.5 1953 15.40 4.87 4.95 1.58 3.76 1.34 T 1.65 1.59 3.06 6.99 7.80 52.99 1952-53 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T T T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 1954 9.99 5.87 3.02 2.70 1.34 2.47 0.31 0.72 1.28 3.45 5.07 6.26 42.48 1953-54 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.o 0.0 7.6 0.0 0.7 T 0.0 0.0 8.3 1955 2.63 2.25 3.66 5.18 1.18 1.09 0.86 T 2.30 7.78 6.75 12.22 45.90 1954-55 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.8 T 0.7 T 0.0 0.0 2.0 1956 12.68 5.42 5.91 0.64 1.61 1.20 T 0.37 0.87 6.50 1.03 2.94 39.17 1955-56 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.8 T 5.5 2.1 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.2 1957 2.57 4.93 8.16 2.02 2.77 2.10 0.18 0.27 0.96 2.98 3.44 8.87 39.25 1956-57 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.2 2.4 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.6 1958 8.8 0 7.04 2.50 3.71 1.38 2.53 T 0.03 1.00 2.23 7.18 4.71 41.11 1957-58 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.c 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 1959 11.15 4.98 4.45 1.12 2.09 1.41 0.50 0.02 2.10 1.53 2.06 3.97 35.38 1958-59 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.0 3.4 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.5 1960 4.41 5.41 6.99 3.50 3.59 0.47 T 0.65 0.65 2.75 9.45 3.24 41.11 1929-60 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.c 0.0 6.9 T 8.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.4 1961 4.79 10.82 8.19 3.19 2.44 0.30 0.96 0.28 0.91 3.18 4.42 6.64 46.12 1960-61 0.0 0.0 o.c o.c o.c T 0.0 0.0 T T 0.0 0.0 T 1962 1.11 3.97 5.65 3.03 2.11 0.69 T 0.70 1.53 4.55 8.54 3.01 34.89 1961-62 0.0 0.0 o.c o.c o.c T 2.5 8.4 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.5 1963 2.80 3.34 6.51 4.07 3.70 0.85 0.91 0.09 1.41 3.59 6.52 3.85 37.64 1962-63 0.0 0.0 o.c o.c o.c 0.0 6.6 0.0 0.0 T 0.0 0.0 6.6 1964 11.19 0.78 3.55 1.28 0.59 1.73 0.45 0.41 0.74 0.93 8.44 12.40 42.49 1963-64 0.0 0.0 o.c o.c o.c 0.0 T 0.0 T 0.0 T 0.0 T 1965 8.15 1.57 0.87 2.41 1.16 1.11 0.19 0.99 0.13 2.20 7.00 7.95 33.73 1964-65 0.0 0.0 o.c o.c T 5.7 T 0.0 T 0.0 o.o 0.0 5.7 1966 6.60 2.24 6.08 1.07 0.78 0.58 0.53 0.40 1.66 2.06 5.88 7.32 35.20 1965-66 0.0 0.0 o.o o.c o.c 7.4 1.7 0.2 0.6 o.c 0.0 0.0 9.9 1967 7.29 2.06 3.84 2.02 1.87 0.69 0.00 T 0.84 5.08 3.30 5.4* 32.44 1966-67 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.c o.c T T T T T o.c 0»( 1968 6.37 7.73 3.32 1.47 3.46 1.29 0.39 4.17 2.48 6.14 6.49 11.05 54.36 1967-68 0.0 0.0 0.0 o.c o.c 1.0 9.3 o.c O.C T o.c 0.0 10.3 1968-69 0.0 0.0 o.o o.c T 12.6 RECOR MEAN 6.45 5.18 4.63 2.20 2.07 1.26 0.38 0.58 1.37 3.93 5.86 6.68 40.59 Record mean values above (not adjusted for instrument location changes listed in the Station Location table) are means for the period beginning in 1938. A horizontal line drawn on the above tables indicates a break in the data sequence due to a change in instrument exposure or a station move (see Station Location table). D-2 APPENDIX B ILALM <;04K APPENDIX F APPROACH BI THE HIGHWAY SITE TO THE LEFT APPROACH TO THE SITE LOOKING SOUTH OF BAST PHOTO A VIEW SCUTH v->;i ;&»... 2 mnB PHOTO B VIEW WEST l '-l: - PHOTO C VIEW NORTH OF WEST PHOTO D VIEW NORTH WEST PHOTO E VIEW WEST OF NORTH photo f view west of north mHi PHOTO G VIEW BAST OF NORTH PHOTO H THE MAIN OAK PHOTO I THE MAIN OAK SCALE FIGURE 5* -10M DESIGN SUMMARY The nature of the design background created numerous problems during the design process. 'The location of the site, for instance, required the creation of a building whose functions will draw people out of Salem city limits. For this reason, a variety of spaces creating different types of atmosphere became even more important. In variety- is interest; in interest,people; in people, success. But the more spaces created, the harder the pattern of circulation--for both public and personnel. Spaces Four basic public spaces were created for the needed variety and for the theory of an entertainment center. As was stated in the main paper, a banquet room is one of the main drawing factors of restaurants today. The need to accommodate groups of various sizes at nearly any time of day becomes of prime importance. In the design solution, one banquet space was created to handle possible initial business trends. If successful but more rooms are needed, a second level can be built to allow for two major groups to meet simul­ taneously, Each main room would hold an easy maximum of 160 people. The lower room (part of the initial design) has a set ceiling height, allowing completely portable panels to be used for subdividing the space. These panels would be held in place by spring-action mechanisms and would have a seal to help stop sound transmission. The future upper story would not be subdivided, thereby allowing the ceiling to follow the roof form. A central kitchen is used for food preparation, -Gr-1- out the banquets would be served from steam-tabled areas adjacent to each main banquet rooms. This arrangement minimised the extra person­ nel in the kitchen during the banquets. Also using the main kitchen is the restaurant proper. This area is designed Tor leisurely dining and for general relaxation. Opening to the city with windows, the restaurant gives a view of a city sleeping at night. To utilize the scene, the floor is made in levels to give nearly all patrons an awareness of the city below. At the same time the restaurant focuses on the main lounge by using a glassed-in balcony form. If a person is dining late he is not deprived of the entertain­ ment on the stage below. This relationship also creates a greater awareness of the available functions within the building. The main lounge centers on its dance floor-stage area. Ebiphasis, then, is placed on activity. One main bar serves the area, plus the restaurant above. The stage platform can vary in size with the use of drapes. Groups ranging from three to fifteen in number can thus be easily accommodated. The small piano lounge on the main floor offers still another form of atmosphere. This quiet, personal area emphasizes relaxation as com­ pared to the activity in the main lounge. Small conversation groups would find this a welcome retreat. Control and service can be performed by a single employees—-the bartender. Circulation Patron circulation is kept to the entry area. From its main floor all public spaces can be reached either direct or from a form of verti­ cal circulation. Upon entering the building, the patron is aware of -G-2- the different levels and can be guided quickly to his desired destina­ tion. 'j 'i'.. personnel are also moved easily from place to place. Upon entry on the lower level from emploj^ee parking, they can move to any level to work by use of stairs or elevator. Within each level, circulation prob­ lems are also kept to a minimum by centralizing personnel movement and work in the core. Likewise, all storage and mechanical systems are located in this core for convenience. • *• Design vs. Theory This design must not only fulfill the requirements set by the com- 7 munity's needs, but also the human needs relative to leisure. Just from its mere existence the restuarant-lounge offers a release from the pressures of a person's dsily life and from the boredom of re­ peated evenings the same. It is also a place to associate with people, to fulfill the needs of belonging and social participation. Yet this building offers a variety of types of relaxation. Ban­ queting, leisure dining, dancing, relaxing in the piano lounge—ways in which a person can project himself as he sees fit. Also the chance to associate with whom he pleases. Activity, conversation, variety--all are available. ? See Sections 1.1 through 2.1, pp. 2-?. -G-3- BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Berne, Eric, M.D., Games People Play, New York: Grove Press, Inc., 1964. 2. Dumazedier, Joffre, Toward a Society of Leisure, New York: The Free Press, 196?. 3. Goffraan, Ering, Behavior in Public Places, New York: The Free Press, 1963. • b, Kaplan, Max, Leisure in America: A Social Inquiry, New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., i960. -H-l-