A Multi-Use Facility r r r r r Statement of Permission to Use In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Architecture degree at Montana State University, I agree that the library shall make it available to borrowers under the rules of the library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgement of source is made. Permission for extensive quotation from or reproduction of this thesis may be granted by my advisor, or in his absence, by the director of libraries when, in the opinion of either, the proposed use of the materials is for scholarly purposes. It is understood that any copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my permission. Sign A Multi-Use Facility by Caryn Bailey A Professional Paper Submitted in Partial Fullfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Architecture Montana State University Bozeman, Montana June, 1988 r f f r r r r r r r r r r r r I s t a r t e d o u t w i t h a c i t y - B i l l i n g s . I h a d n o s p e c i f i c a r c h i t e c t u r a l b u i l d i n g t y p e i n m i n d . I s i m p l y d r o v e t h r o u g h t h e s t r e e t s I g r e w u p i n a n d m a d e i n t u i t i v e o b s e r v a t i o n s o f t h e p l a c e . I o b s e r v e d a r u n d o w n a r e a o f t o w n w i t h a b a d r e p u t a t i o n a n d i n n e e d o f d e v e l o p e m e n t . I k n e w s o m e o f t h e h i s t o r y o f t h e p l a c e t h r o u g h t h e g e n e r i c i m a g e I h a d b e e n t a u g h t g r o w i n g u p , f u l l o f p r e j u d i c e s a n d i g n o r a n c e . B u t a s I b e g a n t o l i n g e r i n t h e a r e a a n d t h i n k a b o u t w h a t I s a w I r e a l i z e d h o w m i s i n f o r m e d I h a d b e e n . I k n e w t h a t t h e a r e a h a d b e e n i g n o r e d b y p r e s e n t d e s i g n e r s , d e v e l o p e r s a n d t h e c i t y u n t i l r e c e n t l y . H o w e v e r , b e c a u s e o f t h e ' s k i d r o w ' t y p e a t m o s p h e r e a n d i t s ' l o w - q u a l i t y t e n a n t s ' t h e c i t y h a s d e c i d e d t h a t t h i s a r e a i s r e a l l y t o o m u c h o f a n e m b a r r a s s m e n t t o a l l o w t h i s s o r t o f d e c a y t o c o n t i n u e . T h i s d e c i s i o n i s i n p a r t d u e t o t h e n a t u r e o f t h e p l a c e , b u t m a i n l y b e c a u s e t h i s a r e a b o r d e r s t h e m a i n t h o r o u g h f a r e , 2 7 t h S t r e e t , c o n n e c t i n g t h e m a i n h i g h w a y l e a d i n g t h r o u g h t h e d o w n t o w n c i t y b u s i n e s s d i s t r i c t t o t h e a i r p o r t . T h i s s t r e e t i s d i v i d e d i n t o t w o s o c i o l d i s t r i c t s , t h e n o r t h s i d e a n d t h e s o u t h s i d e , b y t h e r a i l r o a d t r a c k s w h i c h c u t t h r o u g h t h e c i t y . T h e s i d e I ' m c h o o s i n g t o f o c u s o n i s t h e s o u t h s i d e . T h e c i t y h a s b e e n t r y i n g t o b u y u p t h e l a n d a l o n g S o u t h 2 7 t h S t r e e t f o r f i v e y e a r s n o w a n d i s b u y i n g u p h a l f b l o c k s t r i p s o n b o t h s i d e s o f t h e s t r e e t . A s e a c h s i t e i s s l o w l y b o u g h t e x i s t i n g b u i l d i n g s a r e b u l l d o z e d a w a y i n t h e h o p e s t h a t t h e l a n d w i l l b e m o r e a p p e a l i n g t o f u t u r e d e v e l o p e r s . M a i n t a i n i n g t h a t t h i s w i l l c r e a t e a n ' e d g e ' a n d c o v e r w h a t r e a l l y l i e s b e y o n d . O u t o f s i g h t o u t o f m i n d . I d o n ' t b e l i e v e s o , b e c a u s e w h a t h a s g o n e i n s o f a r a r e t h o s e i n s t i t u t i o n s w h i c h o n l y r e i n f o r c e t h e i m a g e o f t h e p l a c e , i e : a j u v e n i l e d e t e n t i o n c e n t e r , a y o u t h c e n t e r f o r d r u g a d d i c t e d a l c o h l i c t e e n a g e r s , a n e w j a i l , a c o m m u n i t y h e a l t h c e n t e r a n d a r e t i r e m e n t f a c i l i t y . R e g a r d l e s s o f w h a t d e v e l o p e m e n t m i g h t g o i n t o c o v e r t h i s i m a g e i t h a s a l r e a d y b l e d t h r o u g h i n t o t h e e d g e . A s I o b s e r v e d t h e a r e a I b e c a m e a w a r e o f a s p e c i f i c p l a c e w h e r e a l l t h e e x i s t i n g s o c i o l f o r c e s c u l m i n a t e d . T h i s a r e a I p i c k e d f o r m y s i t e . I f e l t i t o f f e r e d a n e d u c a t i o n a l o p p o r t u n i t y t h a t i n a l l m y y e a r s o f s c h o o l i n g h a d n e v e r b e e n r a i s e d a s a n i s s u e , a n d h a s b e e n n e g l e c t e d i n t h e a r c h i t e c t u r a l f i e l d i n a b r o a d e r s e n s e . I t w a s a t t h i s p o i n t t h a t I r e a l i z e d I n e e d e d t o g a i n a f u l l u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f t h e p r o b l e m b e f o r e I c o u l d i d e n t i f y a s o l u t i o n . T h e s i t e i s i n a n a r e a r i c h w i t h h i s t o r y b u t o n t h e ' w r o n g s i d e o f t h e t r a c k s ' . I o b s e r v e d t h e l i f e o f t h e s i t e f o r s e v e r a l d a y s c o l l e c t i n g m e n t a l a n d p h y s i c a l d a t a . T h e p e o p l e , a c t i v i t i e s , a n d t h e b u i l d i n g s w h i c h m a k e u p t h e s i t e s c h a r a c t e r b o t h i n a b r o a d s e n s e a n d i n a m o r e i n t i m a t e s e n s e t o t h e s i t e i t s e l f . r "On the early geography maps this area is marked as part of the Great American Desert. It was mostly a treeless, cactus expanse.Only three buildings existed in the area, but all that changed with the coming of the railroad in March 1882. Land was plotted out and people from all around came to buy up what they could. The area to the south of the tracks seemed to be the area that would be developed. None of the nearby townspeople thought this boom would last. They nicknamed it the tent city because the early architecture was constructed of tar paper and canvas. However, much to everyone's surprise it sprang up seemingly overnight and soon earned the name the Magic City. Many residents of nearby towns moved into the rapidly growing city, leaving ghost towns behind in their place. With the completion of the tracks in May of 1882 the town was given its official name of Billings after the president of Burlington Northern Railroad who had died the year before. It wasn't until 1889 that Billings was considered a part of Montana. Minnesota Avenue, Montana Avenue and the general area of my site was the life of the city in the earlier days. It had the... "picturesque aspect of a wild and wooly frontier town".2 Tramps, gamblers, prostitutes,cowboys and shouts of convivial groups and dancehalls filled the valley with sounds of night life. Minnesota and Montana Avenues were the main streets of Billings and became well established with a grocery store, a hardware store, a bakery, hotels and entertainment establishments such as restaurants, bars, gambling joints and houses of ill repute. People of all economic and social backgrounds from businessmen to transients came to hangout. They all came for the same purpose, to sj>eqd their: money and to have a good time. Prostitution has had a significant impact on this area throughout the history of Billings. It's something the city has been fighting unsuccessfully since its beginning. It's always been there and always will be. Countless times the women have been rounded up and hauled in clearing the streets foe a few weeks, usually until some local election passed. However, prostitution in the earlier days was set up a little differently than it is today. They were called 'Houses of Joy'. Madams of very good reputation were well known, well liked and well respected by their visiting patrons. "Prominent citizens, cowboys and tinhorn gamblers sat side by side in its luxurious parlors; drank elbow to elbow at its long mahogany mirror-backed bar and danced with its girls."3 The women were well taken care of and well protected, unlike the prostitution that takes place on the streets today. The late '50's and early '60's saw the last of the prominent madams. She was Delia May, a black women 1. H. Adams, History of! the South Pack Neighborhood, (Paper), 1978, p.1. 2. K. Wright, Billings: the Magic City and How it Grew, \rtcraft Printers, 1978, p.23. 3 . Ibid. w h o w o n t h e h e a r t s o f m a n y m e n , y o u n g a n d o l d a l i k e . H e r b u s i n e s s r e s i d e d i n t h e g e n e r a l a r e a o f m y s i t e , a l o n g w i t h t h e ' c r i b s ' , a n o t h e r p o p u l a r i t e m i n t h i s a r e a . ' C r i b s " w e r e o n e s t o r y r e c t a n g u l a r b u i l d i n g s w i t h r h y t h m i c p a t t e r n o f p i c t u r e w i n d o w s , a n d p i c t u r e w i n d o w s i s e x a c t l y w h a t t h e y w e r e . T h e w o m e n w o u l d s i t i n t h e w i n d o w s o n d i s p l a y a n d c a l l t h e m e n i n t o t h e i r i n t e r i o r s . T o d a y a l l t h a t r e m a i n a r e i n d i s c r e t e a l l e y w a y e n t r a n c e s a n d w o m e n w h o w a l k t h e s t r e e t s s t a r t i n g a t f i v e p . m . a n d g o u n t i l t w o o r t h r e e a . m . T h e y h a v e n o p r o t e c t i o n a n d l e a d a m u c h m o r e d a n g e r o u s l i f e t h a n t h e y d i d i n t h e p a s t . P r o s t i ­ t u t i o n i s a b a t t l e w h i c h h a s l o n g b e e n f o u g h t b u t n e v e r w o n . I n 1 9 0 6 , t h e s u g a r b e e t f a c t o r y w a s c o n s t r u c t e d a n d w i t h i t c a m e t h e i n d u s t r i a l m o v e m e n t t o B i l l i n g s . I t w a s a n d s t i l l i s a s i g n i f i c a n t e m p l o y e r o f s o u t h s i d e r e s i d e n t s a n d s u r r o u n d i n g f a r m e r s . E v e n t h o u g h i t w a s a s e a s o n a l e m p l o y e r , i n b e t t e r t i m e s t h a t w a s a l r i g h t b e c a u s e t h e r e w e r e p l e n t y o f j o b s t o b e f o u n d i n t h e s u m m e r m o n t h s . A s t h e e c o n o m y c h a n g e d a n d o t h e r s e a s o n a l j o b s b e c a m e s c a r c e , m a n y w e r e l e f t u n e m p l o y e d , f o r c i n g p e o p l e t o c o l l e c t w e l f a r e a n d u n e m p l o y m e n t . T h e f a c t o r y w a s o n e o f t h e e l e m e n t s w h i c h s t a r t e d t h e d e c l i n e o f t h e s o u t h s i d e a n d i t s d e c a y i n g i m a g e . T h e 1 9 3 0 ' s s a w t h e d e v e l o p m e n t o f a d r u g c u l t u r e . I t w a s c a l l e d C h i n a A l l e y a n d w a s l o c a t e d i n " . . . a d a r k , d e b r i s - s t r e w n , s h a c k - c l u t t e r e d . . . " 4 a l l e y w a y o f m y s i t e . T h e d r u g s c a m e i n o n t h e r a i l r o a d f r o m t h e w e s t c o a s t i n s u c h f o r m s a s o p i u m , c o c a i n e , m o r p h i n e , h e r o i n , a n d m a r i j u a n a . T h e m y t h t h a t o n l y p o o r m i n ­ o r i t i e s a r e d r u g a d d i c t s a n d a l c o h o l i c s w a s b o r n . A t s o m e p o i n t i n t h e h i s t o r y o f B i l l i n g s , t h e g r o w t h o f t h e c i t y b e g a n t o j u m p t h e t r a c k s , m o v i n g i n t o t h e n o r t h s i d e w h i c h c o n s i s t e d m a i n l y o f w e a l t h y m e r c h a n t s a n d t h e i r w i v e s . T h i s w a s a n o t h e r e l e m e n t w h i c h c o n t r i b u t e d t o t h e s o u t h s i d e ' s p o o r r e p u t a t i o n . A l t h o u g h i t w a s s u b t l e a t f i r s t , i t c a m e t o b e k n o w n a s a r u n d o w n c o m m u n i t y . T h a t i m a g e w o r s e n e d u n t i l i t t o o k o n t h e i m a g e i t c a r r i e s w i t h i t t o d a y ; o n e o f f i l t h , p o v e r t y a n d d e c a y . E v e n t h o u g h m u c h o f t h e i m a g e i s u n t r u e , n o t o n l y t h e c i t y a s a w h o l e b e l i e v e s i t , b u t t h e i m m e d i a t e c o m m u n i t y b e l i e v e s i t a l s o i n t h e s e n s e t h a t t h e y l i v e i t . T h e s e p e o p l e a r e u n e d u c a t e d , d e r e l i c t , a l c o h o l i c , d r u g a d d i c t e d , p r o s t i t u t e s a n d t r a n s i e n t s . T h e s o u t h s i d e i s t h e o l d e s t , m o s t i g n o r e d a n d e c o n o m i c a l l y d e p r e s s e d p a r t o f t h e c i t y . M y s i t e w a s a n a r e a o f b a r s , r e s t a u r a n t s , a n d m u c h a c t i v i t y u n t i l t h e e a r l y ' 6 0 ' s . N o w i t i s n o t h i n g m o r e t h a n r u n d o w n b a r s a b a n d o n e d b u i l d i n g s , a n d d e c a y . 4 . Ib i d . p . 3 5 . m m ; - • • £ 1 \ *1 1 ft St ra y- v.-.vrj'. : ^ -r> BniliMm L'-U' i i ' l3 r. ' 1 -•"• '•" • 'I .( C t T H i ^'V» \ '* 'I'm ' '* *l-'> ]v» 4LJfcn^ r*l.W •M i§m m t A nh r\ i v "^i ? il $ M" til V) X Billings Brewing Co r c r r r ' r »-vfe. '•>• ij :< vf{.? IILNRY iMUtLLLR, President COLLINS WIST. Secy and Trcas. ; v.':?, :\^C-xs' PHIL GRLIN, Vice Pres. and Mgr ? B O H E M I A N B E E R P I L S E N E R B E E R Tlie JL?eer t11<\t made Nl i l \v?iukee Jenlouts" NORTHERN HOTEL E U R O P E A N P L A N New and up-to-date in every particular. Steam Heat, Electric Lights, Hot and Cold Water and Telephone in every room. Large Sample Room and every modern convenience. Located in the heart of the business center and close to the union depot R A T I: S o I' o T I: I) ON A P P I, I C A T I O N NORTHERN HOTEL CO. p R o P R 11: r o R s /? i ui?. i •' • :A <*c1'ivv<: • v> < ! m -•'• r.ws a >r, . ' » : x ; -fc*—»v i w: r~r-:—£ - •? - ww ct JSLU—JIW • -,jui-.nm ...\.,^ •- •; ') prp;^ i • - , - * - ( ^ • ; O u 1 J . j ^ i t i h c l v i n ; i i i 2 - j . - t r ^ r : i , V - , „ 1 8 9 1 r. saloon man, co July 10:71 L o V t h W , t h e a u t h o r o f i - ' i l l e r t o p m 3 : - 3 , . • . ' . v t i j i s a n o s c o r e d t h e '•en for :i„.n3ing the man i rr.pr • . T o r t h i s r e a s o n t h e f i 1 o f t h i s p i c t u r e w a s d e s t r o y e d . c t . , yd r rn / , ' O CN My S/7Z. M- 8 D3 I s -i. s\ c • •H u TJ rH • o *H cv CO 4- PQ CO • - - -* a. r~< u o d 0) •M • •H >\Xl U U) PG o. PQ b5 nd a C «r» +-> w CO rH u •rt J-< rH V U •H *H t* XT pt, CP LJ U 0>\j ^ I|\ • » g .,,!f |l|| till /&> \!W*a • i • i f tr*#- f «*. \?£S1 «p§ o •• »n D). ! — "1 1 Pi Hi 01~ >» ! s * 3E w i S^'Dij £"S •Q't O ».4 ;v 00 tO^ ^ fl ili^S P **§•*£ .i ; -J m a ^ * i •i&H/ S* * &4J 1.4.': Vt $f*n* H1 i * •1 * f * * £ > ' r'^/t>{ ^aS2MIP#Y s." vif-f f & rtfWr' ;,; ••' ••''t * i|?iW &fc*y*W f CO 03 t:.<2. CD x: - 0 O) a) ~ J It H m vssSM Whi>( \ mi* frtj v 'V.i&fr it' Fmm md mmy Montana Rescue Mission - Mitch Sartin(House manager) January 22, 1988 Q: I told him what I was considering for thesis and asked if he had any suggestions as to what could go there that would benefit the immediate community. A: The realities of the place make it very difficult to answer that. Because while there are people in the immediate community who search for alternatives to drinking the majority of people drink and drug for entertainment. However, what you propose to try to do there is much more realistic than what the city proposes and has the potential to be more successful. Q: Isn't the fear factor that this area portrays mainly a reaction out of ignorance? A: Most definitly. These people down here are good people who are labelled as being bad or scum by socioty. They've listened for so long to all the negative images about the place that they believe it of themselves. A lot of the people in this area have a very low self esteem. The immediate community needs an opportunity to mix with socioty. Not to be treated as scum The city is angry with us. The people at the shelter sometimes come here drunk wanting in and we have to refuse them. It's one of our policies. So they gather out back. It doesn't 'look' good, and as the city puts it "dirt only collects more dirt". This is a valid point. They sleep on the benches out back and in the parking lot. They urinate in the alley. All these points are true. But if we pull out, 'clean up' and move into a better area of town then where do these people go? Who else is going to want them in their area. We are in need of a 13 unit multi-family housing unit. Women and children without husbands. The city won't do it because of the prentense they have about what these people would be like and would attract more 'scum'. Some sort of multi-purpose facility would be helpful. A place where basketball and volleyball could be played. Where movies could be watched and meetings could take place. A place where the immediate community could come together and sociolize without having to drink. Some realities would be that there will be vandalism. There will be drunks sleeping on the sidewalks and in the doorsteps. There will be fights and gangs against gangs. But when you're around it and used to it it's _J_ n ot so hard to accept. People who understand the area can understand this and step away from it until it ends. Q: How is the money found to run this place? Is it government? A: No. The government has so many rules, laws and standards that the very people we are trying to help would be back out on the streets. We are a Christian organization supported by churches throughout Montana. Everything is taken care of through the mission. Food stamps, bus tickets and vouchers for clothes. Maybe if £here were a building that would begin to educate the comunnity. It's a mess that no one wants to look at and everyone would just as soon ignore. Irma House Resident - Harry Rux ^v-J/xx u ^oolp n. ... January 22, 1988 ^ Something needs to be done. The immediate community can't even begin to support their own grocery store. It may go bankrupt. It serves many people in this area. People without cars or a means of transportation to go elsewhere. Those people especially will be hurt if something isn't done to save the store. I was born and raised in this part of town, and in these conditions. It's been the same for years. It hasn't really changed and neither have the people. Mainly made up of Spanish, Indians, Negroes, and poor whites. These people don't know any better life and aren't convinced that they could have it if they wanted it. If the city tries moving them out they'll only go elsewhere where other people will have to deal with them, and the problems will start all over again. It's already beginning to occur. For example there are only three bars left on the southside; the Silver Dollar, the Western, and the Arcade. People have already started moving across the tracks to Montana and 1st Ave. N. They (the city) just shift the problem not remove it. Every city has its "eyesore" you can't eliminate it. The thing is, is these people are not "bad" they're decent people. I used to hang out down here and I was never molested or raped. Even as a kid. Ignorance is 90% of the reason why people from the northside won't come visit. Parents tell their kids not to go down there because "those kids" are bad. They are no different. A lot of the people are uneducated which is a real problem. Job situations are real bad. They go to job service to apply for jobs and are laughed at. What are they supposed to think and how should they react. It's very depressed in that area. For a lot of them every dime they get goes directly to booze and if they don't have the money the steal it. They can't be trusted. Give them something nice and they'll only destroy it. Not entirely true. All the new projects are vandal free so far. Those who use the place respect it. Lots of transients from the tracks don't know there are other ways to live. They get off the trains and look for work. They stay a week or two and then they're gone. There used to be a hobo farm where the city livestock is now. Guys could stop there, pitch a tent and stay there for a while or they'd sleep in abandoned buildings. Now they sleep in abandoned buildings because it's their only choice. MW mizz —-oiTtjCouttzei Mmzep- How does the city feel about that area and ny particular lot in general." k\ there are a couple of different are at? such as Kinnisota Avenue they(would just as soon buy it out ard clean the whole aiea up because it s Just barsf arc&urs, adult bookstores, etc. and it doesn't have a very good reuul.ation. . and there are certainly no good tax dollars there anyway. There are also quite a few abandoned, borded up places in that area'too. Even a long time business such as Elliot's Furniture is leaving. Q: How does the city feel about the fact that all- the bars that the scum or low-life" hang out in are slowly being closed there­ by moving them into the Heart of downtown. Exactly where thev clo want them to -^o? At ihau nasn,t been an issue yet.. I think prostitution is an issue. It used to be Minnisota and now it's Montana and first V/enue, on the corner by the Sheratin.. 3o it's moving closer into downtown. You're right justas soon as you take it away IVo.n one part it It's not going to solve the oroblem because thev '11 * »/ "" ' '> nly 71 n i a no i; h a c o 1 ao e. 3: •'/hat djes the city vant to do exactly, Do they want to bri ig rc«.ai-. .*v; > triat area. DO JHEY V/A'J."2 MORE of whats downtown to filter "hrough into that area/. ns i l_! -0 rebuild and are lit.terally duMpi/j^ millions i" low -.: ov/n. 3aildlng u.p ^n econo mic they'r trying to have a way to attract people downtown, and they think one way they can do that is by attracting a big major department store. Qi Yes, I've seen H.Faggs proposal., but all that is taking place on the horth Side of the tracks but what about the citys thoughts on the south side of the tracks? Ai Nothings going on with the south side of the tracks. In fact I think there is a push, I don't know if it's intended, to move down­ town to the west towards the new Interstate building..and I think - downtown is mdving more towards the hospital then towards the t center. Look at all the closers along 29th (south) and in that general area. They are the edges of the town and their all dying fast. Fast., not to say anything about Montana and Minnista because we don't even talk about those, (How does the city plan a successful 27th street with no-connection between the two sides of the tracks?) 3i So as far as revitalization goes nothing is planned for the south side, A* No. What they have done is tried to buy up all the land along 27th.. they are having problems with the land on 27th and Minnisota (my property) they (the city) were going to buy the Arcade bar.. But nothings happened so far. It's a developement package (my site) but what would'you put there? I get so angry with what the city is doing new with 27th street. It's supposed to be all revital­ ized with ail these good businesses arid then the architects front parkview nursing home with a parking lot. and that is not what we were sopposed to be doing with27th street. We were supposed to be having this landscaping all along the street. Here we have this parking lot with the front end of all these cars facing the street well ^ might just as well have been a used car dealership.if there's going to be that. It's so dumb. The city bought all this property V} so they could control it..and then this happened. When I questioned f-t the city thpy;?said all the criteria had been met. And then they sold C i * t » some land to medowgold dairy and they parked semi's next.ito the street. We were supposed to have a greenway into the city and there were supposed to be setbacks of landscaping, and you weren't supposed \ to be able to drive in from 27th, It was supposed to be a really nice place to drive into and there was supposed to be this continuity.. not that the buildings had to be alike but they were supposed to have so much green space and so many trees, not have big signs, it had to meet this whole criteria. The one across the streeet from park­ view, Rivendale, that's nicely landscaped but it looks like a zoo. with the big iron bars with nothing to soften it up. I keep wanting to see a couple of giraffes..sticking up over the fences.. It's nicely done but it's very cold, it's not broken up with anything, however it is an institution. Q: How long have you lived in this area? A: 21 years Q: So you as an imediate resident... what could I put there that the immediate community could benefit from? " • Ai Well I just;don't know..That's a very good question, I can't answer it. Because you can't put amusement or youth stuff there because it's not percieved as a safe place to go. The city has looked at putting a transeV. center there but I will never vote for that, or to havsp the buses and everything pucking up their exhaust, all in one square blocft. I'll never go for that. I don't know what they'll put there. I guess they could put a nice series of clinics but they'll never do that, Or something that makes a nice product, Some kind of manufacturing. Acomputor store.. Something that does some kind of clean manufacturing.. That would give jobs to the . area and still produce taxes, that would be helpful. I can't u I can't think of anything that could be put in that neighborhood that the people could use let alone support. You know were already about to lose the only grocery store for miles. We lose businesses because there are not enough people with money to support them in this area.. Where I see this neighborhood is that people look at these modest little houses and think ahhh what a cudy neighborhood. because they are used to the eighty thousand and updollar houses. These people can't afford anything more than what they have, they are living here because its the one place that's home.. am d thats all the housing that they can afford. They can't afford to pay more taxes, they can't afford to pay more upkeep and wejve got to have neighbor­ hoods with modest housing in them. And there is a lot of pridein this area. In about 12-1*1- years this neighborhood has turned around a lot. There has always been a lot of that in this area.. People take care of their lawns, there are big gardens, big houses, bird baths, nicely pruned trees, etc... But I think we need these types of neighborhoods. When I watch t.v. and they show areas being swe.eped away to make room for big high rises and condos I think where are tha people who used to live there going to go? Where are they going to put those old ladies or the guy with the wife and three or four kids, and that's all they can afford. Qi So why do you have a problem with the mission even tho those are the very people they are trying to help.. A: The mission has not kept care of their own. If the guy that were the head of the mission were sincere he wouldn't have those wino's sleeping in back of the mission. and he wouldn't have broken glass all over the place.He wouldn't have that kind of stuff hanging around - I mean he should be policing the place a little better:.then he is. Qt Well they can't let the drunks in cause that's one of thier policies. £hey are trying to come up with a way to keep those people from ,1; sleeping there. But the thing is that "those people" are going to find some place to sleep and their going to make it look like dirt.- Ai But why should it be our neighborhood? I mean our neighborhood already has such a bad reputation. I'm really worried when this issue goes before city councel because their going to say "Well my god where else should we put them?" Put it down there where they live I mean v-r those people don't care.. Q: Instead of where else could you put it how about what could be done? Anything? Aiial The mission doesn't have to come down onto a residential _ . — V "5? «=s» O neighborhood. With transit family programs.. They could buy Elliots.... They could buy one of the old hotels up.on Kinnisota avenue, (But they will still be in the same area) Ya but they won't be down here • ; trickling into the residential area, as bad as what they are now. V/e .. had a people complaining that live in the area around the mission and they have talked about the impact those people have in that area. The go to Kon's to buy cheap wine or steal it., urinating in the alley to sleeping under bushes, and you could just draw a circle around the missionand thats the impact .of the mission. Now they won't tolerate that downtown so why should we. Yes'there is a problem with homeless people there is a problem with drugs..I don't know where ycu put them but you do not put them in residential neighborhoods. If your drunk and sleeping on a bench you need a clean bed. you don't need a backyard with nice trees.. When your a drunk all you care about is some food, warm clothes, an occasional shower, and a place to sleep., your not to interested in improving your life or moving up in the sociol ladder. Qt Where does the money come from to do all this clean up. Ai Well I think it could come from taxes. It's got to be a priority. Instead of building marble slabs in front of the bank and putting bricjd paved sidewalks in use that money to help the poor. I think the taxx- payers owe the some - I think the owe us some.. I think these people should work some for their keep rather that just getting free handouts all the time, they do thet in California some­ where.. They bus the residents out and get them odd jobs then the money they make some of it goes for their keep. (3ozeman food co-op_)_ It was almost dormitory style. Enough of having to just give to these people. What could you put there on your site that would be benificial to the south side, A place to work where people could go make money. How about a daycare center. So that the women who are working and can't afford babysitting can have a place to,leave their kids, Thats close. Who doesn't have a place to go are the young mothers. \They don't have a place to leave thier kids and get away. A lot of them don't hav have cars. They could go to hte park but thats the only place right noe for them. It would have to be subsidized. How about a proposal to lower the railroad tracks? Or raise them so that there is a fetter traffic flow.into downtown.. How about the fact that they are_chopping our neighborhood in half. The city has discussed that option before. You couldalso utilize the old train depot. You could put a transient shelter there, I mean I'd probably never support it but the train tracks are right there. You could have a sand pit for them to land on when they jump off the train,. I'm already afaid that we have to many institution like things on this side of the tracks, and so peopp e don't see it as a place to come over and develope..they think it's a bunch of loserz that live over here. Institutions-- new jail^ rivendale^nursing home^youth services center. mission/ deerling clinic.Irma houses qjThe mission is trying to aquire some apce for 13 low income families to move into but the city isn't allowing it. Why? A:Bec ause it's not properly zonex. and because it is right around the corner from the Jfegen hokes. It's for women and children.it's an apartment house now but they would bus them three times a day every day to the mission to feed them, that's a residential neighborhood it's not a motel or a hotel, and yes there is a need to get the women and children in out of the cars.But put it closer to the mission In the Elliots furniture store or one of the abondoned hotels in the area, or on your site. If these people are desperate then an old hotel will do..And where there are women there are going to be men. and the people of the area--southside task force-- say no we won't allow it. so 1 it's not zoned correctly so they have to enter the political ring with the issue, and we're fighting. If we allow that in it's like saying put anything you want on #he southside we ddn't care, and people already see this neighborhood as not caring.. A couple have said ahhhh we've allways let the poor and the down and outers ina'" Well ya and loo? at the reputation we"ve got because of it. It's time to say enough. I like our culture Hike our minorities but enough is enough. ' ' - . Qilt seems like I keep going back to the idea of trying to change 5Y modify the inage of the place, rather than try and accomodate it. As If you cauld do something that helps the south side some kind of a factory or something that brought joba into the area, and work a daycare into your jofl stSTS. Every company that has come into the southside has said that they would target the southside with ~*obs but if you did a study you'd find that most of the people getting those jobs are people from other areas, 1 If you put a shelter or some thing of that nature down there then youre insuring and parpetuating skid rowin that area.So if you go next step up and out in davcare or something that offers employ- employment then your up grading that whole area, and your offering jobs andalso enhancing our residential neighborhood, and we need to keep this a residential neighborhood. But it's good to keep some­ thing that our people can work at ahd go back and forth to and walk to. Soif ypu do thajr then you'll enhance the blue collar neighborhood. If you d& a dinner theater than you enhance the economic basis of the downtown, and probably help the upper middle income.. 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J •U"s»V mm, :S®rS >* ) ^ *> *• #-l'M • ,; ,•• '^1 fr'.^ .V ~',X;. <. • I I I t F ; - - 'r .-i 1WEMW n^r&&&8 :T ,-*--p-v T->- pHt j^sfj ©tJfajjS ps&Wl '';•*>• T t , j*| wmm sivS *3 .4* l^isi Housing' for the Poor: Losing' More Than We Builcl So far >io real substitute has been found for a positive federal role By Xora Richter Greer r f . rj^n A . \gVV As 1990 approaches, so does a housing crisis of a magnitude not seen in the United States since Franklin D. Roosevelt l. called a third of the nation "ill housed" as he launched h New Deal. If current trends persist, by the turn of the cen- t y nearly the same percentage of the population could be living in substandard dwellings, be paying excessive rents, or be home- lr~s altogether. The causes of the crisis are interrelated and complex, center­ ing around the virtual dismantling of federal low-income hous­ ing programs. The solution will necessitate a new, long-term f mcial commitment by the federal government, housing experts s But just as assuredly, what is being called "the vigorous new creative thrust" of cities and states toward housing their poor w : ,l significantly transform national housing policy. Vhat has housing experts concerned is the impending con­ fluence of trends in federal housing: the virtual halt of low-income housing construction; the aging and decay of subsidized hous- ii projects, accelerated by dwindling rehabilitation funds; and tl expiration of 20-year contracts with private sponsors of low- income housing. HUD's budget has dropped from $35.7 billion irx • I year 19S0 to $14.2 billion in fiscal year 1987. Although .t tabulation is difficult to make, it is quite clear that many j \k^Jf low-income units are lost each year than replaced. Roberta l Youmans, of the National Housing Law Project, predicts that I ir bout five years a "massive influx of money will be necessary" ! ti emedy the situation. f vV'ith (he drop in production of new units and the rise in theJ number of poor, there are long waiting lists for public: housing. A ong the worst cases, according to the Council of Large Pub- li -lousing Agencies, are Baltimore, with 13,000 families wait­ ing for openings in 17,000 existing, occupied units, and Chicago, wh 44,000 families waiting for openings in 49,000 units. In fiscal y< r 19S7, 74,000 new units were built, down from 192,000 in 19o0 and from 393.000 units in 1977. The units being built now were authorized during the Carter years; under the Reagan A ninistration, new construction contracts have virtually stopped. ist as damaging has been the meager provision for rehabili­ tating public housing units, half of which are over 20 years old. Si°~e 197r the government has spent $7.9 billion for repair and m iernization; for fiscal year 1988, the Administration has requested 5437 million. At the same time, ABT Associates, a private research group in Cambridge. Mass., has reported to Con- gr s that 521.5 billion is needed to repair and modernize the mj on's 1.3 million units of public housing. Each year, as many as 70.000 units of public housing are abandoned or demolished because repairs are too expensive. For example, in 1986 the Phii- ac phia Housing Authority closed two 15-year-old towers because th S'S million cost to repair them was prohibitive. 1 'iggest crunch, though, is expected in the coming decade, w contracts the federal government made with private own- en subsidized low-income housing start to expire. Then the owners will have no obligation to either the federal government or their tenants and will be able to convert their units into higher- re condominiums, sell their buildings, or even tear them down. Til General Accounting Office predicts a reduction of as much as 9(X).(X\) units by 1995. Others are less pessimistic. William Apgar, associate director of the MIT/Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies, warns, "We could be entering a period in which additions to the subsidized inventory are needed just to keep the number stable." The National Association of Home Builders estimates it would cost more than $130 billion to replace the current supply of subsidized housing. The Reagan Administration's sole housing initiative is the five- year vouchers program. The vouchers, the Administration says, give tenants more freedom of choice as to where they might live. Under the program, recipients must find private-market housing and pay the difference between 30 percent of their income and the "fair market rate," a standard amount set by HUD as the maximum a low-income household should pay for rent. Under the current certificate program for subsidized housing, tenants pay only 30 percent of their income. The Administrations proposal for fiscal year 1988 calls for 100,000 vouchers. "The program doesn't expand the supply of housing at all," says Douglas B. Diamond Jr., NAHB's assistant vice president for housing policy. "In fact, it expands the com­ petition for the existing supply of housing." The Administration's emphasis on the "privatization" of pub­ lic housing portends another potential drain on supply. In 1984, HUD launched a demonstration program encouraging tenant ownership of such housing. Since then, 3,589 units have been sold in 55 formerly subsidized projects. Reactions are mixed. Doug Cavanaugh, legislative counsel for the Council of Large Public Housing Agencies, calls the program "a ruse for unload­ ing the public housing stock on tenants who can't afford to keep it ." Apgar calls it a "cruel trick." A< if $ 1 * tfA Siiff s the federal role diminishes, a cutback in multifamilv dwellings in the private market also is taking piaceTasTRe 3$ J $ .market moves further and further into the middle- and high-income levels. Between 1970 and 1975, single-family hous- ^ ing starts accounted for 55 to 65 percent of the total; between ^ & 1975 and 1980, 70 to 75 percent. Private development of low-income rental housing is virtually nonexistent. In addition, nearly 100,000 privately owned low- income units are lost every year through abandonment, foreclo­ sure, arson for profit, and condominium conversions, says the National Low Income Housing Coalition. It is still unclear how changes in investment tax credits brought by. the Tax Reform Act of 1986 will affect the partnerships of private investors with nonprofit organizations or state or local housing agencies geared to developing low-income housing, espe­ cially where a large private investment is involved. The tax cred­ its remain significant —9 percent annually of the cost of low- income units, minus the cost of land, over a 10-year period. "But they are loaded down with restrictions that will discourage investors, particularly the clause calling for the credits to be taken only on passive income." Diamond says. It is hard to avoid making the correlation between the decline in the supply of low-income housing and the rise in homelessness. Estimates of the number of homeless now range between 250.(\X) and 4 million. By the year 2003, unless some drastic steps are taken, 18.7 million could be homeless, burdened with excessive •f 99 rents, or forced to live in slums, the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation predicts. To avoid such an outcome, public, private, and nonprofit groups a he state and local levels are forging ahead with new approaches to providing low-income housing. So widespread are these efforts th°t "local influence on federal involvement may be as strong a ing middle-income residency in a particular neighborhood. Housing partnerships have been formed across the nation that assemble funding (and sometimes expertise) from private and public sources and direct it toward a specific low-income hous­ ing development. More recently, these partnerships have been formed to develop and manage multiple projects. For instance. he federal influence on local housing and community devel-f^ the Boston Housing Partnership, formed in 1983, contracts with oFment activity of an earlier period from 1934 to 1980," says ^ 10 community development corporations, which in turn are Mary Nenno, association director for policy development at the no responsible for specific low-income housing initatives. The Mas- N ional Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials, v sachusetts Housing Partnership, formed in 1985, set as its goals C /eloper James Rouse puts it this way: "There is a whole upris- ^ 0 the reclamation of all salvageable abandoned housing units in ing out there." New types of partnerships have been formed, ^the state, redevelopment of abandoned lots, strengthened efforts new development methods tried, and new financing schemes to maintain households in existing housing stock, expanded hous- d ised, many of which seem to be more responsive to commu- ^ ing production, and innovative demonstration projects. n..y housing conditions than the federal programs. An example of a nonprofit, cooperative venture at the local ^ level is the Nehemiah Plan, established in New York City in J " ^ a k e Chattanooga, Tenn., for example. Last September the^i980. This coalition of 52 religious congregations-the East • city announced a $200 million plan aimed at providing a Brooklyn Churches —raised seed money, secured 515 million in decent home to every city resident within the next decade.interest-free loans from the state for mortgages, received land donations and short-term suspensions of property taxes from the city government, and built 1,600 single-family houses for families with incomes ranging from 520,000 to 540.000. In the San Fran­ cisco Bay area, BRIDGE, a nonprofit regional development corporation, produced 1,466 housing units in six counties for families earning 512,000 to 525,000 per year. That will involve the construction of 500 units and the renova- _of 13.000. A newly formed group, Chattanooga Neighbor- In d Enterprise Inc., will lend money and technical assistance to neighborhood groups, churches, and individuals for the ren- pnt* ~. So far. 53 million has been raised from local and national M - to cover the first three years' operations. The effort was spearheaded by local nonprofit and community groups and devel­ oped by the Baltimore-based Enterprise Foundation. Ithough larger than most, this program is typical of work the E[ :rprise Foundation has been doing since it was founded in 1981. Its financial base consists of profits generated by the Rouse Company's festival marketplaces, modeled after Quincy Market/ Fa , 'uil Hall in Boston and Harborplace in Baltimore, but built inL.nailer cities such as Norfolk, Va., Toledo, Ohio, and Battle Creek, Mich. The Enterprise Foundation also receives grants fri l other foundations and businesses. It expects to have raised 5~; million by the end of 1987 and will have provided funding and technical assistance to 67 nonprofit community groups. We work strictly with poverty-level families where the eco- no ics are very tough, ' says Peter YVerwath, director of the foun- da 3ns rehab workshop. "The majority of those people live in substandard housing, and the odds against replacing all those un""i with modern, decent housing are enormous. It isn't a vol- un program. We're usually trying to demonstrate some new kinu of production or financing technique." Emphasis is also placed on strong community services —health care, job training, an education, among others. similar organization is the Local Initiatives Support Corpo­ ration. which began in 1979 as a joint effort of the Ford Foun- dap-on and six major private insurance, industrial, and banking LISC started with a budget of 59.35 million; by the end of c assets topped 5100 million. Its objective is to assist local t organizations in securing private and public resources design, financing, and management of housing and com- iv developments of significant scale. These developments to be lony-term. profitable economic ventures. Special atten- low-income households while maintain­ M f i n 191 nc fo nu are lion is liiven to assistin eanwhile, special revenue-raising programs tied to the development dynamics of a specific market have sprung up. In San Francisco, for example, downtown commer­ cial developers must either produce one low-income unit for every 1,125 square feet of office space or contribute a set fee to the Citywide Affordable Housing Program Fund. The requirement is based on the assumption that each additional million square feet of office space produces the need for 386 low-cost apart­ ments to house the low-paid workers employed in the new build­ ings. From 1981 to 1986, 3,793 units were funded by this program Similar programs have been adopted in Boston, Jersey City, N.J., and Santa Monica, Calif. A fund-raising technique first used in the early 1950s has resur­ faced in 35 states —tax increment financing. Under state laws, localities can generate new revenues for future housing and com­ munity improvements by taking advantage of an increase in prop­ erty values resulting from redevelopment. Property taxes are frozen at the start of the redevelopment; at the end. when rates have increased, developers must pay the difference between the frozen level and the full taxes. The funds are used to help pay­ off the public revenue bond issued to finance the housing. Other housing trust funds are created by the interest earned on real estate transactions, such as escrow deposits, real estate title transfer fees, mortgage property tax and property insurance prepayments, and commercial and residential tenant security- deposits. Nationwide, income from tenant security deposit, sale, and mortgage escrow interest could total 51.7 billion annually, according to the National Association of Housing and Redevel­ opment Officials —enough to build 39,000 units or rehabilitate 170.CKX). Some trust funds take an unusual twist. California uses U. HI riiCTURL. JULY IW7 (ft t es levied against offshore oil revenues. Atlantic City collects L lacs on hotel rooms, entertainment, and other luxuries; gam­ bling casinos are required to invest in low-income housing. supplementing the housing trusts , s tates have generated new 1 i tal and homeownership assistance programs, rent supplements, neighborhood improvement programs, and aid to special-needs housing. California, for example, wil l use the funds from its c shore oil taxes over the next three years to provide seed r . .^nev for construction of low-income rental housing, grants to organizations providing shelter for the homeless, and loans for h js ing for the elderly and disabled. locali t ies, too, have increased their efforts . I t is not unusual to f ind a local government acquiring or renovating low-income housing, al though the programs are usually quite l imited in scope. 1 e Houston Housing Authori ty recently bought foreclosed \ .Ties to rent to low-income households. In Alexandria, Va. , the housing authori ty recently purchased 152 units to "ensure & -re would be some low-cost housing." Under a neighborhood p. servation ordinance, the City of Hartford, Conn. , requires tnat anyone wishing to demolish or convert residential units nreplace those units with an equal amount of square footage r ibute to a low-income housing fund. In the program's l .. ia months, 65 units had been replaced. Most of these state and local programs will ul t imately meet 0" 'y a small percentage of the need unless there is a significant i : u.x of federal dollars . As of 1982, s tates and cit ies were sub- seizing about 600,000 households. Currently, about 4.2 mill ion households part icipate in federal programs. 3ut in terms of establishing the inst i tut ions that may someday b used to fi l l the needs, the state and local programs are sig­ nif icant . says housing expert Cushing Dolbeare. "The expert ise state and local governments and nonprofi t organizations have r< ent ly acquired in developing and operating housing projects p. vides a base on which federal programs may soon be rebuil t ." Nenno predicts an even larger role: "If carried to fruit ion, these tr ids should have a long-term effect of changing the status of I t - income housing as an isolated and after- the-fact act ivi ty to one of an assured place in the total marketplace." In the future, the availabil i ty of low-income housing may increasingly be seen a | i key component in a locali ty 's economic revital izat ion. lousing experts , though, say i t is s t i l l essential to have a strong federal role support ing the state and local efforts . Only the fed- er^1 government, they say, can provide national s tandards and p cies needed to direct private funds into housing. What those standards will be. concerning the construction or rehabil i tat ion of any public housing, is intr insically t ied to costs . We imagine we have enough money so everybody can l ive ir j pod-quali ty housing," Apgar says. "We set high standards M|[ 1 w e ^ur public programs to achieve, and we pro- da ery high-cost housing that becomes more and more l ike st _rd subdivision housing. But then we don' t fol low through ai l- make enough resources available so everybody can get access to the housing." '"enneth Beirne. Hl 'D's general deputy assistant secretary for p< cy development, suggests . "The market can build shelter that bv worldwide standards would be fantast ic for low-income peo­ ple. By American standards i t would be utterly intolerable." In reali ty, the solution may be somewhere in between. Kathryn Wylde, of the Housing Partnership Development Cor­ poration in New York City, points to bathroom and kitchen size requirements. "By the t ime you are done," she says, "you've lost the economics." Part ial rehab is an option. "In most ci t ies, 15 to 20 percent of the housing doesn' t even meet housing codes," Werwath says. "If you drive a nail and pull a building permit , you are commit­ ted to spending $40,000 a unit . Part ial rehabs can run from 515,000 to $35,000." Werwath says the Enterprise Foundation stresses least-cost , high-value techniques for such tasks as roofing, drywall fastening, caulking, and painting. Another dppnrri irp frnpi conventional housing is the reintro- duction of the single-room-occupancy hotel . That type of housing : : : :where residents have private bedrooms but share bath. _kitchen, and other l iving spaces —has proved appropriate and affordable for once-homeless persons who do not vet have the means for separate apartments. The building type is highly flexible and can be al tered for a specif ic populat ion, such as the chronically mentally i l l , the elderly, or single men or women. Many argue that the single-room-occupancy hotel is a better social environment for these populat ions than separate apart­ ments. Support ive services, located on or near the residential s i te , can add a crucial dimension. B y the year 2003, says the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation, 7.8 mill ion more units of low-income hous­ing wil l be needed. "There is a sense that i t ' s t ime to start putt ing housing policy back together," Apgar says. "You've got former enemies now working together —builders, bankers, ad­ vocacy groups. I t 's l ike start ing fresh al l over again." Spear­ heading the effort in Congress are Senators Alan Cranston (D-Calif . ) and Alfonse D'Amato (D-N.Y.) , who in 19S8 or 1989 wil l introduce the first major post-Reagan-era national housing policy. And a number of both Republican and Democratic presidential candidates are talking about what the federal gov­ ernment can and should do to mitigate the impending crisis . Already, essential elements of future housing policy are clear. Flexibil i ty and diversi ty are needed to better match scarce resources, "so that where i t is cost-effective to rehab, commu­ nit ies wil l do that , and where i t is cost-effective to do new con­ struction, communit ies wil l do it that way," Apgar says. Most projects wil l be community based and small in scale. "Volume production and highly standardized federal programs don' t work." Wylde says. Kermit Baker, senior economist for Cahners Pub­ lishing Co. in Boston, says. "The federal government has much more abil i ty to raise funds than anyone else. I t 's diff icult for rural Mississippi , for instance, to raise the money for housing. The places that can afford to do that are probably not where the problems are going to be. Without federal aid. you re going to have very, very serious distort ions. Whether the feds should admin­ ister the programs or not —that 's a separate issue." What is most clear is that "we have to re-establish a longer- term commitment to gradually expanding the number ot subsi­ dized. affordable units ." in Apgar 's words. • nmmRm jSRiaaawiKSMv^ii I > v"C •>.'4k^-->l^'-i ^cV*' ^ .•.^ •,>;.::.v^;-Vl<.•»* v.: •?*V wt; : '-^>^;;f- uSflfltesKl v! >>-'*;-•» ^ •*. • - -» — • ' » - A- *—C ~ ~"X£" -.•••• ,• -- -• - .. . •-...,-» •.A-*W*J'*AM *V— •*>+ v ... *...- «;" • "* ~ * " •*^t" . *\ u-"- COMPUTER INFORMATION SYSTEMS COMPUTER smtm i ,S\ • '"*•' #5--31 *-• gggjp ill iH t?r' )r; I-; S^ SK v-iVf^ HS: 'Zimvi'MjiMtiMie* - i|i;.nj","J|"y $* >. •• fel *£ ^vvn:;,:r,r &f$3* • •.. :k -' - • >:r^ --u M j fer- ^^ BppsB if 1 t&FA r r Career Counseling and Placement ^fteryou graduate from the program, we will help you find employment. DeVry's cperienced placement staff will assist you in attaining a position in a computer field that suits your background and interests. Although no school can guarantee jobs, we offer the following services: • DeVry Employment Activity Network (DEAN), an on-line computerized communication system linking all U.S. and Canadian DeVry Institutes and Regional Placement Offices, reports career opportunities to the appropriate campuses. • Regional placement managers, located in key industrial areas in the U.S., monitor employment developments, actively pursue job opportunities and assist in arranging interviews for DeVry graduates. • An aggressive national advertising campaign acquaints employers from coast to coast with the high quality of DeVry graduates' skill and knowledge. • Ongoing company presentations acquaint employers with DeVry graduates. 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THE COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLES ( W o r d i n g a p p r o v e d b y I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o o p e r a t i v e A l l i a n c e i n 1 9 6 6 ) 1 . M e m b e r s h i p o f a c o o p e r a t i v e s o c i e t y s h o u l d b e v o l u n t a r y a n d a v a i l a b l e w i t h o u t c i r t i f i c i a l r e s t r i c t i o n o r a n y s o c i a l , p o l i t i c a l , r a c i a l o r r e l i g i o u s d i s c r i m i n a t i o n , t o a l l p e r s o n s w h o c a n m a k e u s e o f i t s s e r v i c e s a n d a r e w i l l i n g t o a c c e p t t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s o f m e m b e r s h i p . 2 . C o o p e r a t i v e s o c i e t i e s a r e d e m o c r a t i c o r g a n i z a t i o n s . T h e i r a f f a i r s s h o u l d b e a d m i n i s t e r e d b y p e r s o n s e l e c t e d o r a p p o i n t e d i n m a n n e r a g r e e d b y t h e m e m b e r s a n d a c c o u n t a b l e t o t h e m . M e m b e r s o f p r i m a r y s o c i e t i e s s h o u l d e n j o y e q u a l r i g h t s o f v o t i n g ( o n e m e m b e r , o n e v o t e ) a n c p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n d e c i s i o n s a f f e c t i n g t h e i r s o c i e t i e s . I n o t h e r t h a n p r i m a r y s o c i e t i e s t h e a d m i n i s t r a t i o n s h o u l d b e c o n d u c t e d o n a d e m o c r a t i c b a s i s ; n a s u i t a c . e : o r m . 3 . S h a r e c a p i t a ! s h o u l d o n l y r e c e i v e a s t r i c t l y l i m i t e d r a t e o f i n t e r e s t . 4 . T h e e c o n o m i c r e s u l t s a r i s i n g o u t o f t h e o p e r a t i o n s o f a s o c i e t y b e l o n g t o t h e m e m b e r s o f t h a t s o c i e t y a n d s h o u l d b e d i s t r i b u t e d i n s u c h a m a n n e r a s w o u l d a v o i d c n e m e m b e r g a i n i n g a t t h e e x p e n s e o f o t r . e r s . T h i s m a y b e d o n e b y d e c i s i o n o f t h e m e m b e r s a s f o l l o w s : ( a ) b y p r o v i s i o n f o r d e v e l o p m e n t o f t h e b u s i n e s s o f t h e cooperative; (b) by provision of common services, or. (c; by distribution among the members in proportion j t o t h e i r t r a n s a c t i o n s w i t h t h e s o c i e t y . [ 5 A l l c o o p e r a t i v e s o c i e t i e s s h o u l d m a k e p r o v i s i o n f o r t h e e d u c a t i o n o f t h e i r m e m b e r s , o f f i c e r s , a n d e m p l o y e e s a n d o f t h e g e n e r a l p u b l i c i n t h e p r i n c i p l e s a n d t e c h n i q u e s o f c o o p e r a t i o n , b o t h e c o n o m i c a n d d e m o c r a t i c . 6 A l l c o o p e r a t i v e o r g a n i z a t i o n s , i n o r d e r t o b e s t s e r v e t h e i n t e r e s t o f t h e i r m e m b e r s a n d t h e i r c o m m u n i t i e s , s h o u l d a c t i v e l y c o o p e r a t e i n e v e r y p r a c t i c a l w a y w i t h o t h e r c o o p e r a t i v e s a t l o c a l , n a t i o n a l , a n d i n t e r n a t i o n a l l e v e l s . I n O t h e r W o r d s 1 . O p e n m e m b e r s h i p 2 . E c o n o m i c d e m o c r a c y 3 . L i m i t e d r e t u r n o n i n v e s t e d c a p i t a l 4 . P a t r o n a g e r e b a t e s 5 . E d u c a t i o n 6 . C o o p e r a t i o n a m o n g c o o p e r a t i v e s % Common Health Warehouse Cooperative Association _ 1505 N. 8th St. • Superior, W1 54880 • (715) 392-°862 MEMBERSHIP CRITERIA Membership in Common Health is available to food buying clubs and cooperatively run retails. Our members comply with the following criteria: • open membership (non-discriminatory) • one member, one vote (democratically run) • limited return on share investment • distribution of any surplus earnings as patronage rebate • ongoing education of members and- the public about cooperation • cooperation with other cooperatives • members are able to work to reduce the cost of goods (exchanging labor for cost savings, as in a buying club) SERVICES FROM COMMON HEALTH FOR MEMBERS: • ownership and control of the Association • more lenient credit terms • buying clubs: written resources and technical assistance from regional coordina­ tors; regional meetings • stores: Store Manager s Association: retail rep program; general technical •assistance • library — free book lending service FOR MEMBERS AND NONMEMBERS: • excellent delivery service throughout service area • product information: annual product catalog; information and recipes in each issue of the Common Health Press; will find answer to any question on any of our products • meetings: 2-3 held in each region per year; general membership meeting held annually. All are welcome to attend and'enjoy meeting people, trying, samples, learning about food and cooperatives — and having fun! JL -i -X M. -i T TT T 7T T n "Wholesome Food at Wholesale Prices" r n r 1 4) CD (- o a; 4J e •o > IT -- <0 -C c OJ .0 e 01 e o o to 3 x "D Cr lu t. O L to o L a i. O) +• L. a o / o o a e a; i £ E -c +. CO 0) (0 •f- <0 c c -c +- 4) 0) e (_ 0) c _o aT CI O) c u c: <0 •+- J c Q -ir c to to <0 «3 c ^ ' e _ P in a a» o +- __ <0 •- fr -Q o > O CO £ > flj .2 >- o a <0 -c > rfe l SJ to IL O c O o +- r~ a -Q "> •— c O e o> c c o e e -M. 4- c -c JC •f- C > o o c n c. c c o > c. ( / } X "D r^ i c c L c V) C" o t) - C L •r^ •c r c. c c c_ <2> c. o o £ •- o — 1) ._ * 6 l. CO C o \ O •f- AD L. O o s pr Ci -r .1 - o (.1 c C-> C > CO O CO C L 10 c L O O •f- d X CO L co T5 o o <3 D a § "C -c o Q Q 8 C o c: S o c O o CO L c L cx J ^ L (J O O 4- "^ ," o L V- O L CO > cc D '3 CO c a) c •T) o a> JTT a 4- o c> O L TO •T3 1« 5 '2 % 3 8 % S ^ ^ £ O) Q, "®- *2g# ST •<-y •o U9** 3 ¥^ 3-~ i ? * *J ; * 9 z . § g sf •? £ £ -Z '& 6 & ^ ~ 8 a, $ Q. v> £ £ 6 -§ j i £ *§?x$§s Z} i C ± ^ c I' or C ***i -o H/;* % 2 1.5 . p" •£". o £ ^ s & t? *r* ^ «| r ? ^ c - . 7 8 £ ? * £ ^ 8 ^ * . -If § ? §>2 8lS 8s.s g.s; s J { , 3 ' i$ S £ & c f lfSSsJix* 'ff o i? 8 £ £ p "-ST! £ s £* -~ 5 £ " smsti *vL.rm- -teosfft. - we&ze/cwzy - wo sf.fh . . wo $$. U. ' SPI0&5 {of& WiW) !$£> Sfy-f}. .^ NAiumi mfc i$oo Jkfi. also cm?- sMfiii&t sPBc/f^-m froos places. if. wzx/wi i/m - P&T&OMS — 1 teo $$•#•(&) - MAmrteep&£ #F&oe -— PIL&S /S/vAC^ UXM6& &C &.&•. Ff2B& S72W&N& S/7W0q, # - Fet>D spwb^ (vem>z$) {&o $f •-£+.(£) ' pZoOOCe-ST&NOS J&'tcO *. cmr s*0j> m/sr uctfS. '' POBUd SPA^ fexs/mw-, ee&ev/m,«/m&te } n. %&^ %0£-S 3m&=n lAj/M()LV~PfJ£JW>£ A12&A ~&fc>. > «/ ^ FlM FwM- GMJf> n- • NAP tooti ZCOsf.. #. - offices/g&eprroA/ —— zoo 9%.$. ! MICRO 5/CAgg AOJACENCY FARMERS MARKET SVAT/<3A/AKy STAMPS ( FREE STAMPING STAMPS ¥i PUBLIC SPA^E 2. MULTI-PURPOSE FACILITY There is a park in this community with outdoor basketball courts and a public swimming pool. However, these can only be utilized in the summer months (3 months) when the weather permits. This facility would be a very diverse place where different types of activities could occur. this facility would offer alternatives to drinking and would also attract people from other areas onto this site. It would be a place where spaces could overlap, different activities could occur in the same space at different times. This place also would become a social gathering place. It will offer a variety of activities ranging from recreational to educational. It will share areas with both the market place and the educational facility: * Market place: see description page for this information * Educational Facility: Multi-use gym: could be occasionally utilized for lectures Meeting Rooms: for local meetings when needed * GROSS SQ. FT. = 22,000 3. DAYCARE FACILITY There is a strong need for this already, and with the additional facilities being added to this area increases that need. Parents working in the farmers market or utilizing the community education areas in the multi-use facility or using The educational facility would be able to utilize this facility. (Those families which could afford no other means of childcare.) *GROSS SQ. FT. = 4,000 4. MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING The rescue mission right now is looking for a place where they can put thirteen low income multi-family units. The families are husbandless women with children. Right now these families are living in cars and abandoned buildings and are in need of a place to go to. One of the rescue missions' problem in locating a place for the housing is that it's looking at places that are too far away from the mission itself. This place really needs to be close enough to the mission so that it can be walked to. My site offers an opportunity for this. There are a lot of abandoned buildings which could be utilized. These buildings could even be shops on the first level with housing on the second. MULV-()$£ 7^ 1 UT7\ 6PAFT t.OdO /) WCCPM&UriG- C6&) PZAN/N& f fel/WN6-(CO fJ)MMUN/T7A fnvh^ \ lt& ~yl m l (UA @ (fto D/Recr&K ,Q14) .. . $ecp&7Z&\J/Ftl£s/ (p>o) ,mm& r STPR&&e/&V4az-APGA, (£ _ £#UIPM£NT tf^pacrr fed MULTI-US? GYM • SEA.T7AJ& (f) • Bt£¥GTBAUL'j VU&yeALU] &i\OMi ttdn: e*r- • &6CA.SS/OAJAI L&&WG&S • CcMMUkirrtj B-yBNTS /«•' ch'/tWMS B7A&& G*"$ , pRojEcnofiJ Boow(m!Bz) (/ecd iSp^ cMzk* /fooc &$>UtPM£hJT f mi6+ff @CM W ne*,irjk fiteepe/gs a£&A_ : *?00 %>Ml 7—-i4#> >loce&e- f PPeSS/Aj$-APSA&G® SH0\ajBP£ 4 t>Py/N6r P&M (%»T ~TZ>tL&r &0M ($&) SAUNA Gt>(d MEhfr im&iL PcoM. r -14co ~ (sambas wtMemj zmpep ww mmm-Atm- MICRO SPACE APJACFA/Cy MULT/-USE FACILITY WW y>*. A* i MVLTI-U5B <5FACJZ miNlZTPAVCN CRAFT &WMO COMMVA/177 AlBBT/m PC/BUC epAca * Ab a n d o n e d b u i l d i n g s w i l l b e u t i l i z e d f o r h o u s i n g . S q u a r e f o o t a g e s w i l l b e i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h b u i l d i n g c a p a c i t y . * GROSS SQ. FT. = 9,000 5. EDOCATIONAL FACILITY E v e r y c o m p a n y t h a t h a s c o m e i n h a s s a i d t h a t t h e y w o u l d b e f o u n d t h a t m o s t o f t h e p e o p l e g e t t i n g t h o s e j o b s a r e f r o m o t h e r a r e a s . T h e m a i n r e a s o n f o r t h i s i s b e c a u s e m u c h o f t h e c o m m u n i t y i s u n e d u c a t e d . M a n y o f t h e p e o p l e i n t h i s a r e a a r e i n d u s t r i a l o r i e n t e d , b l u e c o l l a r w o r k e r s . O u r s o c i e t y i s i n t r a n s i t i o n . W e a r e g o i n g f r o m a n i n d u s t r i a l n a t i o n t o a t e c h n o l o g i c a l n a t i o n . T h e b u s i n e s s e s t h a t c o n s i d e r c o m i n g i n t o t h e a r e a a r e t e c h n o ­ l o g i c a l i n n a t u r e a n d t h e r e f o r e c a n n o t h i r e a n y o n e f r o m t h i s co m m u n i t y . B r i n g i n g i n a n e d u c a t i o n a l f a c i l i t y t h a t c o u l d h e l p t h i s i s m o r e i m m e d i a t e l y n e e d e d . T h i s k i n d o f a f a c i l i t y w o u l d b r i n g o u t s i d e r s i n t o t h e c o m m u n i t y a n d w o u l d e n h a n c e s e r v i c e s a n d e x p o s u r e . * S q u a r e f o o t a g e s a n d s p a c e a d j a c e n c y s i m i l a r t o d e v r y - s e e p r e c e d e n c e * GROSS SQ. FT. = 90,000 6. BROTHEL P r o s t i t u t i o n i s a b a t t l e w h i c h h a s l o n g b e e n f o u g h t b u t n e v e r w o n . I p r o p o s e t a k i n g o n t h e a t t i t u d e o f i f y o u c a n ' t b e a t ' e m , j o i n e m ' , m u c h l i k e t h e y h a v e d o n e i n p a r t s o f E u r o p e . R e c r e a t e ' H o u s e s o f J o y ' w h i c h w o u l d b e s a f e r , h e a l t h i e r a n d e v e n p r o v i d e a t a x b a s e f o r t h e c i t y . B r i n g b a c k t h e h o u s e s o f t h e p a s t a n d c r e a t e a s a f e r p l a c e f o r a l l t h o s e i n v o l v e d . * GROSS SQ. FT. = 6,400 MACRO SPACE ADJACENCY — » 1% FARMBRE MARKET WLTT- U5B FACLUTY EDVCAWMAL FACIURY £— # MUUTT-FMi/UJ HWS/A/6 %S BFRPWFL r B i l l i n g s c u r r e n t l y h a s a p o p u l a t i o n o f 66,798 w i t h i n t h e c i t y l i m i t s a n d 108,035 i n t h e g r e a t e r m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a . I t i s t h e l a r g e s t c i t y i n M o n t a n a a n d w i t h i n a r a d i u s o f 500 m i l e s . T h e s i t e a n d t h e a r e a i n g e n e r a l i s a b u i l t u p a r e a . M o s t o f t h e b u i l d i n g s a r e 70 t o 100 y e a r s o l d . I t i s l o c a t e d i n o n e o f t h e o l d e s t p a r t s o f t h e c i t y a n d i s i n t h e h i s t o r i c a l d i s t r i c t . S o m a n y o f t h e b u i l d i n g s i n t h e g e n e r a l a r e a , a n d t h r o u g h o u t d o w n t o w n , a r e a b a n d o n e d a n d r u n d o w n w h i c h r e i n f o r c e s t h e d y i n g d o w n t o w n d i s t r i c t . 27th Street adjacent and east of the site is labeled by City Planning as the 27th Street Corridor. A boulevard will even­ tually be created which will run from 1st Avenue South down to State Avenue. The street is a main thoroughfare off the highway into downtown and up to the airport. The site almost becomes a gateway because it lies on the very edges of the commercial business district. It could also create a possible break in the barrier that exists due to the tracks. The tracks create a "northside" - "southside" image separation. T h e s o c i a l s t r u c t u r e i n t h e a r e a c o n s i s t s o f W h i t e s , B l a c k s , M e x i c a n s , a n d I n d i a n s . I n d i a n s a r e c o n s i d e r e d t h e l o w e s t o n t h e s o c i a l s c a l e w i t h M e x i c a n s a n d B l a c k s c o m i n g n e s t r e s p e c t i v e l y . W i t h i n t h e s o c i a l s t r u c t u r e o f t h e a r e a a r e c l i c k s a n d c o n f l i c t s . T h e p e o p l e i n t h i s a r e a a r e c l e a r l y t h e m i n o r i t y a n d a r e s l o w l y b e i n g f o r c e d o u t o f t h e a r e a . T h e r e i s a h i g h r a t i o o f u n e m p l o y m e n t , a l c o h o l i s m , d r u g a d d i c t i o n a n d i l l i t e r a c y i n t h i s a r e a a l s o . The site - Block #190 - is 300' x 300' = 90, 000 sq. ft. = 2 acres . THE SITE AND IMMEDIATE SURROUNDING AREAS: The site, block #190, is located in the commercial business district, however, because of the barrier of the tracks it does not, in reality, feel like it is a part of the Central Business District. Ignored by the city and left to decay, it carries with it the "south-side" image of a 'skid-row' type atmosphere and "low quality tenants". The railroad tracks, which are to the north of the site, are extremely active with one to Two trains passing every hour. Consequently they are very noisy and smelly. The trains also bring in with them the transients which hang-out in this area of town. To the east are ware-houses which are either abandoned or have almost no activity. Some of the buildings have been subjected to vandalism mainly along the lines of spray painted graffiti and broken out windows. There is also a heavy industrial district in this general area which pukes up a constant stream of smoke day and night non-stop. However, I found the shapes rather interesting instead of repulsive like the smoke would indicate, especially at night when the area is lit up. 1st Avenue South lies to the south of the site and is a trucking route with a heavy amount of traffic. 27th Street, to the east, is also a very heavy traffic street due to the interstate exit. Both Minnesota, to the north and 26th to the east see little or no traffic. South of the site is a mixed warehouse and residential area. The housing in this area is probably the poorest in the city, the city is slowly buying up the land and selling it to warehouse type businesses. Consequently, the residents are one by one being moved out. This fact becomes evident when driving or walking through because several of the blocks will have both houses and warehouses right next to each other. This area is contained strictly to the east of 27th Street. To the west of 27th is more housing but there is a difference in it from the east. It is kept up better and not in quite the shambled wreck as the housing to the east. some of the streets in this area are lighted which in part adds to the sense of safety felt in this area in comparison to the east side. To the west of the site is more of the Central Business District. However, many of the buildings are abandoned and worn down, and in general, considered an embarrassment to the city. The main business in the area are the "undesirable" kind and only attract more "scum" to the area, for example: bars, adult bookstores and theaters, the Montana Rescue Mission, and prostitution. There is also a greater sense of community and pride in this area. The residents have created a south side task force which attempts to have some say as to what happens in this area. The community wants to clean up the general area of the sire, and begin to change and eventually erase the false image that the area carries with it. C f * f t S S 4 e z - ^ \ V -t - ir SWOWOS PARK S3 r* >.v V.-"] 3 £ jl: ZCT JE3r i^mrrsTi iir' 3C St. u 11_' -hti tw?CTj jinn •JCI US i ^ "U^I OIMI 4UC.»*^» ' / P 21&ST££ET aPRftlPaz n WAt2BHOJS£$ j U&HT INWSTWAL oom &/2 Ct'AL (wM-ffavs 0*j 4 ££SiP&/T I A L MDITi- FAM/IM £B$iDBN TfA L {2£5i PENTtAL n HBAVij IN Ob PA &U rr^rmrm C i # r S u * v £ r •l*v i • t*ni PI :V i» • «in» i.I \ , i r — n} \ i '^Vw / 11 I-. I 1 AfOgTti UNSAFE: * Dark; little or no lighting * The types of people that hang-out in these areas that make it a rough area - Transients - Alcoholics - Drug addicts - Unemployed - Prostitutes MODERATELY SAFE; * Factory workers; blue collar * The bars nearby the sugar beet factory are dangerous * The south park is considered dangerous * Poor lighting * Low income families * Alcoholism and drug addiction SAFE: * Sense of neighborhood - sense of pride * A lasting community - a lot of the residents own their homes * Good lighting * All the areas feel safe during the day but dangerous at night cut HH Cft HH UllNVXlP £2,^ 0 il-EE2 C£1iViafl Gji V. • 11 3SS PW't-nff! ui 'w>l hffil'EHj Ci*i iutver 10 J/ j»*n M$k Ft A/OITH lU'ylll S IT £ A&AhJPOMSD BA/2 AmM&GrA(ZA<$&3 U 51TE N L/6-NT FBPB5TP/AV O MEDIUM PBO&ST&IAN BD HEAVY PBDEST&AN IlLiL P-A 0/~E U&RT TRAFFIC MOPBPATB TPAFFI6 HEAVY TRAFFIC N0/6E T • jw< SIT5 pizecrION OF TM FFIO mm/2. Tmp mre TO Mir*Jr\l Wi JL ^ V>v' Here's a town skyline to look down on I guess i t ' s the sort of thing that happens when one has been around for a while, and the sooner one gets used to i t the better . But I can' t help — after looking at our town the way i t is and the way i t was — but mourn the disappearance of another landmark. In fact , i t was more than a land­ mark. I t made up an important piece of our town's skyline. All this s tarted years ago, of course. The first to go — in my era, any­ way — was the Bil l ings Brewery sign. I t died a slow death. First i t went dark and you could no longer watch that bott le f i l l ing that glass from clear out on the Lau­ rel Road as you headed into town! But the skeleton, black and rust­ ing, s tayed around unti l they finally i i^ -p ^ Bragg about bimngs Addison Bragg Hr tore the Duilding down. Next on the wrecking-crew list was the state 's tal lest neon sign, which told you long before you got there that you were on your way to the Elmo Club. Even now at night anyone with any sort of imagination at al l can st i l l look west and see a gigantic hand- waving, thumb-pointing Bob Porter extending his invitat ion. 1 In years to come we lost other / ttity/T fd Acc> Jd 7?t£ B^yJirBA£fC £<£-&-U l os T, / 77/7/1 ^ ***** \A&*> f Vita 1 Mf J 3 fjr T.4 % t mm. things that l ightened up our skyline. I m talking about the blue cross (no pun intended) that marked the location of St . Vincent Hospital to anyone looking down from the Rims. And just as prominent clear across the valley was the gigantic "G W" of the Great Western Sugar Co. refinery. I don' t know, but I suspect maybe there was some sort of environmen­ tal ist group that f igured l ights caused pollut ion because they sure got on a roll where neon was con­ cerned. Or maybe they thought revolving clocks were hazardous to skyline health — even though thev were the biggest revolving clocks in the world. Anyway, the one atop the Securi ty Bank came down — and we can thank Oscar Cooke for saving i t . But i t must be a bringdown even Weather tower will soon be gone. Tower to come off bank By LOAN A TaACXEaAT tX T4e Gawtte Staff The mnbyt dryfoe win soon be Partem lirraHar Unrimxrfc. The f irst Bank Weather Tower, which has flashed oeoa weather forecuts to downtown RirHftfl* far almost * years, win probably come down aoroettme in the next t» day*. according to h*nt PrwfcJeot Joe LtaebAey. -We fed li* tower has rm2y become ocre fancUoaal with ill U»e drUDrd weather Information Twcwr mtpki or dam trailiNe from other Krarcea." ro^a or how it n rw tooM. for a revolving clock to move from a skyline to a r iver bottom. Another revolving sign to go was the flying red horse on the old Mobil Oil Co. — now the Transwestern — building. (I t ended up f | in case you're interested, at a Mobil service stat ion in the eastern part of the state.) Then, to bring al l this nostalgia up to day, we lost the Midland Bank tower. I t didn' t revolve. I t just bl inked. And if you could remember the j ingle that went with i t , i t predicted the weather. All in al l , I think i t 's too bad about how our skyline 's deteriorat ing. And if you don t think so, consider for a moment: At the rate things have been going — and if i t keeps on l ike this , the only skyline we're going to have left wil l be made up entirely of tal l buildings. A Udni factor tn the decUta, toP«a«w. mar* kJe»- .m77* W**U>"r tOTrw *** pro6- 0 0 b*n k ^Udiag wb«it wo completed In l»« t** preside* said. «**vcoUr mS!rV^Bank lo ^vMte at **o*KekMm A* teupmnwr ic*g t rtnt Ba»k taper red mUUoturiae ntataei*. ••fe«s^sar«S "r^irvised downtown plaza 4 f ;.v • • »Tr^ "~«ilTirssuss: iJghat»Srfsss: —i!. wwv hounds Q) v N ^ 45? O £ <* •tr y> i? -V ^ o improvements will ^ eS?o^-tteStreetSC^: ,r°m First ' ,r ° m M ° n " f r c m ' North 26th to North 29tt^ Avenue North from. North Broadway bc(ween • ler sections of Second iv« 'Street, plus srna]_ •vTsZcTi 35 WCiJ 35 Norti betwi*n .1 tween Northath MdVo'rSS ~vem,e- forth be-'. ;' ••' - The consultant,V^™1 ^streets. , ..V . }.- :v'e,el °' improvements tow"!,?^e? m0re'ij',cnse'' ^streetscape area Thie «l center of the -: larger proTe^L1^,^ will allow for a • % wkSSi." bu^ ess ill; Sr* ,C? _ O (0 © A c o / •*** .c ruption. 1 '" .' - • * Plans call for using amkof paving materials: • concrete, granite and building-quality sandstone. •' •t; Lights, benches, poles and the like that are , contemporary in nature" but use "classic" mate­ rials such as sandstone and wrought iron have been proposed •••• •• • • — Curb alignments would be changed to provide ' more room for pedestrians at Rey intersections and r^, SUf)£ "HW additonal parking under the plan. * \1\t> ' £ sr In other business, City Administrator Alan ^ Tandy will present the mid-year budget to the CrW , council Monday night J The council will decide whether Billings should join Yellowstone County and Laurel in ap- plying for $94,000 in federal funds for drug-enforce­ ment programs. Billings would have to provide $18,900 annually in matching funds to establish a drug-enforcement unit that would spend 75 percent of its time in the city, according to officials. • . B e c a u s e o f o b j e c t i o n s f r o m s o m a h o m e o w n e r s in College Park Subdivision, the council will discuss sidewalks, curbs and gutter^ scheduled for com struction on Wisconsin Street this year. The aver­ age cost would range from $1^00 to $1,500 per lot, according to city officials. V''' v , >v © 4 ™ cw)rdinS^aU*I1 Ciiv CcnM^ d • the b\°cK^ W%fn^ lorn dow^ v40 o0 «\hc SosS^^Cre^ syorc._60-°Br>nd ^'Kl ^JPiirsday- . 4 -i\so h°uSC a '•'"^ ou.wioe -*°°,, MSCS ss i^sss---- -o and a ^lVL rteveVoP"»"^Tk S' Clo^; VSon^J mj*11 noW ^onlan*TuS|p*cCn^ rSvSblS lo A5.000 ^nuJirC \pi^ ^iheP^fiS. whether u» '^u»c»d.—inm,nent t>°ntl /"I ivnal ux ^^ndins; au- ^ Xre ^nC2 V**. TW Stv exPireS f iue couldio^j^^ed Vh^ hul airnT* • Mfc ^1"V " ,„rt ; vmZlm"wvry * " reW^,m ^ assigned- ia)orvcnan on* ..Vie nave au' ^ ^c taB tax vncrenj^c® ^ecaPttl^ COUT^1! ^^TheV w |f0uroy- ^ ^ j3 rralli°n itf«civy versusa maiedto sarne area ais0 csurn TncT° nsirucuon an° Ilsitllflit B>U>nR%0wcr °«lCC bU!! develo^ Granite T exCcutwt-. vne viss^sEft-* ihe l,ir5V,1,rnr\a»olu^ Trans1*"^ The ovy's P- and tt«u , ^'fSVmosVV.W«^„vr chascs by Vhc do q, lhe bonds ^a dlSvr\ct- ? ,hcliismcl ""=tcB,Ci riore? "<"»'^ove- s^tss^sr T£S&ZSS££'*>* r®fCf,7 itct ire&>tfiii ii-1MH05 the erkgr-ZB0^0'^ 1 P(M * 0? ^ r C5T»'' vLl 2*2- &o£|? 2 = o 3 -2 -£ i' o a) - a: ^ 0 ) O •" — .* a) o o ABM p e o j g - y aj o •^•O H is o /7 > TO __ i^If H- co .£ .52 E u. (JO O O a) IS MJ62 *N «f n^~~] r a—^.^•B.fc.. ri • i£w$%WiMl&§ M e -a r § to n £ p ^ ^ s§ s* «3 o "*U IS, ^ 3 2 £ | s /OG L( r I f i t fst l i i r t JcT Si? ^ 5 0 Lr= -.' 3 r- ? •' ;/| £ « c 5 f J 5 =1 ec;/3/ r r/ ^ ? 4^| t iwat /oi Eviction notice mailed to Arcade Bar owner DKNNd »;AC» Of TW (.mmrtu SJjfl T"hr uridr Rxr rVrTlL>c" *" numbrmi - »dain and cou«**« lhr rrt* n< RUhno U*" pa**®" o4 lhr v»*h Sa«Jr buiilw*. a crt» nfTVxaJ »Jd Thwr*la» An mrunm ooOcr haa hrcfl -m-ni In IV IrfuM J lhr Arraalr buiiilw* al VinmU A»r acr-ordu* ta>« rtT KH r K±** < intw* Adinu Jr . allomr* (or lhr former nmmrr nt Lhr rnuidn*. I.rw\* (,atrv maiX-rt lhr nrtxr Tor*la* and .1 \hnu>d rvav«- hrr-n rrenv-d tr» Thur-wiav I onrmr lAid jnv Kflmrm I.lln timanl and nwnrr n< -hjl haa nfla-fl brrn ralV-d Thr lou^hr* t*, in UTWT,.- «• rrpr^nx <~1 <* una* alia b*r for rommrnl T"hur"«la* "Thr <'itv < nunol approved lhr purrha/w .1 C..U, I-* Hi **> ••» : l rhr a«rT«-mm< inch-VI J cr Ihrn Hr U>td lhr Irnanl hr -anlcl him tn movr but hr .l*tn I ovr -nltrn rrtlff nor*>r ujd AnoChrr urtnr hxs brrn 'hr hrai'h ••! thr «7 "-raz •'* " ,ir"x* ,rrllr*' " Wllr* I'ity Vftftutf Hn^kUl aftrr it -Airjrrv acr-octnn* lo < mnnr imrr lhr buiKfinjf i* varalrd lhr .W-~1 «tU br La*m Ui l.atr* for hia u«v»iurr 40.1 lhr 6rW wifl hr ilu«« <• i*a«l Thr latr imiIA lhr AJTadr after thai 15 Unrkri/ "T>w"rr w-p-rr fjynum about lhr hul/*-icaJ and i/rtnimiriJ ojem'*-*""- •*< htuai« al that Umr Int 1 uaanl Lpfrrrm ai lhr purcha* ajcn-rrrwr* 1 Thr nnj* U*r* lhr council acrrd I" *" acquasonn " I'nw* ***1 Thr nil u furl* fWr ln *<-rr*nn* xrw+M tauKfcr* "•» lhr biorli houndr^l t» M lrmw Kl A vrwr. Sn«lh THh >3rrr<. • ' A\rm» v*ilh »nd VKrth *h Vr~-i l»««1 :r ' n . I» S *h M ..w-rv-o trt «.ntdnn Kosrlrin. Lt »r9«jrr»1 v.»wi muJd hr invUrd tor nor rmind in drmnajji UV»I buitdinc »«1 thr Arrxlr 1 <la A vr | anrl ^nmr rr»llnr> l.« f-.ml lim anrnhrr Inralinn in Inwn rhr • MV-tPkffnrnt manacrr njm! acquirr* Hlilinc I »u: ,.wn 1: l««C* -«Kjlh nl lhr alW-v hrl»r^-n Mtrrw^^a ami • ir« Avrnor S • «u«l fMl «>mrihini{ Kifrihrr nn inal •0^ \b I^ 14 - A a. W •• •**"> Tts to redevelop ArcaOe buildma ~ - (h> - r .,4. C.ri*l I T. a IWprrcm: A> abkrd a •trrjr^ —um »r«J a U» pasrr * >"_»! an I C™* '•» ^ ' 1, j'f , vpi'a.. /*™«3 *iWr v ^ par*. ••I ' « •<< ^ ' "Vl.lTf (*m»f AT rw c- N^' 1 -**r or' , t i /75 S77^6 OP£/\J ZtA'P £{///Aj CAiGr, Building sale frustrates counci/men Canceled bar offer irks Pearly7 Gates • » D».SSIS C.Al B '* TW l*aam/ Vj/| l.rwu t'rarly" (.alrt sain I <"*»•<-* tin* Tur-wla * abnul lhr HUUnc> [ "T ( » ranrrllalinn o» tit S "^nth-old ottrr In bay »•.« Sowta s«ir buildint _ Ivomr nl »h«t hi, callrd -lhr ba/ u, FU^XI - "Thr* vr |,r<1 lhlJ t|)d lhr* v l*r<3 abowl inal " l.alrj imm] Tur«l,r ,ftrr Lhr Ulrfl nlv irl»n lhr Arrartr fW buikhn* Brra»i*r lhr txjikUn/ al H?4 Min "^•oca Avr »a.*ii v»<-anl try S*a*l«» - Lhr nl y an (JrafUuw - Lhr muncu Mo« provrd in April h^l hrrn ronlinrrnl on i.alra rvirling hi* irnanl bar "T Jo* Knrrv-m " I vr brrn harawrr) j |n( ivn I that n£hl~ | r,n j JlLv1 thr™* J • turn ' H J l •hrn rra. hon ,i Mlk.v , lU Wl,ran, • lospilal »h.-ir hi i\ rri i.irrint1 <.alr\ vj1(3 | ,|V Hr • i\ *|| ,j ^f*r «nd Irl him ar^ur n l Inar lit patirnrr was l.atrt rilrn ynn thr Umr thai Knmrro wiJJ br allnwrd In nccup« lhr huildinj; — unlil lire I and brvono if nrrr\ van icrnnlir^ m a nncann-d trllrr frrvn (,alr.\ T nai prn\oanl * aid ; . man Hill l.rit^r In \«\ i.alr\ in thumbing hi\ nn\r al u\ and Churkhnjc as hr lead* lhr ci|> jnxind frv a vlnn^; fourvl rxithinc humnrous in t.rtw \ TmarlLN lhat I ran I hrlp hrin^! c1»»%kn hrrr K >rr« p r ;>«» d t • * ' \|. -^w v-4 i \vr S. iftrrr K^'fCTj: l' • <•. fnvr, .hr nil •o^:? I-. --aBti:>rh I t« -6'ain approva. .^.H.l.t. « o»an. I. and lhr "««' I ".u rTVTk r ' row lf>J rrrr.«k."',»'"lu,< r-r|v «a-ff v»Ml K. ..aic» i-iairwil ••»•<• -• " Tvp.1,» a-*j -lv j • * •" \ n»' r»>' I f°"< ' Co ^ , *>C// ®c. °o5 V/y 0 - ^ lit <• •»; . e. fc.unn J k . 19Mln lhe late 1930s, the stJ^ S^0Vtudio couch was sprlJ sior'H'^E^^" »«W» just 569. The store, ^bicnevt st r ana olc and ^nrOee.,^ sold appliances, cm . "niSSe^'—"rta"in8a" „„ jZ% S5«^tsESS «« s"acc ,sn'1 Teded thcS fS^oi ^ prepare linn ^."^ivfs^&een'the store's president since \ son Bill.worKl t mi Vernon.was". bn ° n> 3 in era end. but be ^ w^SSv 1^'^ (or ^mings and iSP^ve Kept nor»u„d,nB S^SSCSc^ M r r r r r |33^&S M O V I E Keoirth 01 Minnesota An old street gets a new life ") ()| M INK "I T W liiirilf n w,,r'hjrflt,rr •»» •— - IN-ni nil r 5 P <»l lie urn' m-ighhniNMrl hjrtrfxjcr will cyi Twnhar,- Thr Upstcrn aixlthr Silvpr IViiiur h m S»•« ihrv : 7 ' .^SS5^2Kfur--" . ,.,w '•• Ham, I, .,ih j 1""" **« "I J«l Marlm rrfrrn In I Im- Uvo,..- , t*l».in lun nv a n" »mrinK 'h'-rnv nrMW ... '''' on Minni'«jil.i Avrni*' ii,..,. .k '''" n ll.'li'l mIn in '™ "r snjs.hr ^ Martin in,I h« parln.-nn.nli n>rr Ihi- Mmnrv.l, Av. n.ii- laf ' >rMs W- "''-"nrini; |h.il if ih. % a,I,i,^i f...i... . ,. IhrvilliM^.... J. . — I , , Us off, nm.s r1h sifli- nf thw» tt t| . " '» " t at if | , v n,|(ll, l_ry 'l imn,; ln d.ijlimr ru-lnnir n |rnm ihw ^ f ni*«l .1 t If ( |c of f flrrwK **. •( k „..i . . * ' " ° ' " 1 r * , , r < « ~ 1 l i m i h a i ' ^ ^ w T T irJr7,.r3l |,nlUI ' «"• iwlivr Martin Ix rn , Ihry ha.rn , fMn , w,.„r , ,(l 1 ,m. ^ ^ f|( ( , i > « • « " " k - husflini/t I . r* P-Mlnns annut in fuU fwir '1 Un furs until H,y , W Mi Am , \h^^tN.,,l,|,.,|lH)v|mAMll,n,.rmI(iw„ - ; T',;;;;;';;/- - .«»»"rK.yrr;K':,v vr m —k " ."it,::; iM,„i %,,, i nj;* * * * "• ^ wr, * k rn MM"',',h k;;:r -,""1 »•,hi- "r (K K Minry^* ^r(>h",v'rvrnt ^.hrP-U* in ,nt« t. ^inR mlt |Utn ^ "I1'" .i,r«"r«»*vrm,e jl.mvin* W*' lv „urt VU,.Uow- o« ^ ^ ^ -ss9 % ci \ tr ( crtn|¥TTt^ • u,*k "i i,,u ,pv(Vr!.u'i/crvi Urs 11 *' ,,r k Up , ^rrf m R u«UinC> <*** -uhl,Ji VM» »r(«^^ uictv*TTr> Simlh mh *,ri K~ I Jnh^ »«1 n J • o( ,\.,SOpl^ >r'' . J(lhns "TN'J lt'"w*,v d,# m , w.vt.mv ««< J""" nuM^yhJvrC Mn,ia.nuwJnhn,> ArXir ^ ZVh^%!Z,k IT "' "'r S"'*'T """"'• t rocK.V m n* - r r ™»Z J' "" m ' " " h " / <^ i» tn Atmtu- tx tu f i -n Ihr M. - i rS" ' , ' " T , ; "" " ' """Ml Mmnr »J Sfr i t rh , I r f t . Z L k , ' r , ^ - h * ta"^E^ORTHEH^MELE>S=ApiLLIMCSPATTtE Susan Cheek, 19, shares a tiny room at the Mission with her husband of two ' weeks. She said she was a Billings pros­ titute before moving to the Mission. Neighbors resist shelter proposal By DONNA HEALY Of The Gazette Staff The composition of the homeless population In Hillings has changed drastically. Only a few years ago; the Montana Rescue Mission helped only one woman for every 100 men, according to the Rev. Tommy Thomas, executive director of the mission. "Weeks would go by without any families," Thomas said. Hut now one or mot e families a day seeks emergency shelter from Yellowstone County social service agencies, Thomas said. Existing shelter buildings cannot meet the local needs of homeless families, he said. Thomas also said he believes that some homeless families do not seek his help because they are afraid. At the Mission, husbands sometimes are separated from their wives and children. The families are scared to mingle with the winos and transients that the Mission also serves. "I don't think I'd want to stay up there all night next to some of those guys," Thomas said. On Monday, the Billings City Council Is scheduled to decide whether the Rescue Misston may convert a South Side apartment building into an emergency shelter for homeless families, single parents with children and married couples. If approved, the shelter would be the first for homeless families In the state. (More on Home, Page 12A) ^SMRSSJ S3 I K Gf»?ette photos by Judy Tell Ward 1 councilwomen Billie Krenzler, left, and Marion Dozier oppose the plan for an emergency family shelter, at 3318 Second Ave. S. The building is in the background. Home From Page One B! fT.T 17' 1' H! I'l !T-T' 11TIT The l«»uo: The City Council docldos Monday whethnr to npprovo a zoning special review nocossnry lor the Montana Rescue Mission to opon an emorgoncy family shelter on the South Side for homeless (amities, single parents with children and married couples. Opposition: Ttie South Park Neighborhood Task Force, which supports the concept of providing emergency shelter for homeless families, opposes Its location In a residential neighborhood Some neighbors and task force members worry that the transient families will decrease property values, heighten crime, affect the safety of senior citizens and children In the neighborhood and further a negative Image of the South Side Conditions: The plan has already won conditional approval front the county planning staff with the zoning commission concurring Approval was based on allocation of 12, off-street parking spaces and no moro than 11 apartment units plus living quarters for nn on-site rosldont manager. The yard must bo fenced on the street side and the structure Improved to meet building and fire codes. The county planning staff rocormnondod that tho shelter bo usod for families, women ond children, or slnglo paront families only, with no single males housed In tho shelter. (The city staff and city attorney havo recommoridod that tho restriction against slnglo men not bo Included as a condition of the special review since it may constitute discrimination based on sex and appoars to be unenforceable ) Location: The shelter would be located in a converted three-story furnished apartment building at 3318 Second Ave S. The building, located on tour lots, Is across from the Head Start program offices at t Ittle Rower School. St Paul's United Church of Chrlnt ond Lltllo Flower Catholic Church He at the south end of the block. Garlleld School Is one block away. Rules: Mission plan calls for providing security ond supervision. A 10 p.m curfew would bo imposed Families would be bused to monls at the Rescue Mission three limes a day. Financing: Four months ago, the Rescue Mission launched a furtd- ralslrig campaign to raise tho $95,000 purchaso prlco plus $20,000 lor romodollng and othor costs. The purchase price Is $35,000 under what the building was appraised for a year ago, according to Dalo Morltz, one of tho ownors of tho property. So far, tho Mission's drivo has raised $70,000. An ostlmatod operating budget of $50,000 will bo nooded to run the shelter. But Its location, on the edge of n South Side residential neighborhood, Is vigorously opposed by some mem­ bers of the community who see their neighborhood evolving Into an "Insti­ tutional alley" and a "dumping ground." Opponents worry that the shelter will drive down already de­ pressed property values and increase neighborhood crime. Thomas said the the fears are "groundless." Across America, homeless fami­ lies are the fastest-growing portion of the homeless, according Tim Hager of the National Coalition for the Homeless in Washington, D.C. The coalition estimates that there may be as many as 3 million home­ less Americans, and 40 percent of those may be families, including an estimated 750,000 homeless children. Last summer In Billings, 26 fami­ lies were put up In local motels, when $1,500 in federal money was ear­ marked to cover the cost. The fami­ lies stayed for as long as a week at discount rates, a move that Thomas said Is not cost effective. During the past four months, Thomas has raised $70,000 — more than half the money necessary to buy the apartment building that he wants to convert Into a family shelter. Years ago, Thomas said, families needing shelter were passing through and stranded In Billings. Now, most are from the Billings area. Many have lost their jobs. "The vast majority want desper­ ately to work," says Mitch Sartin, house manager at the Mission. If the families qualify for welfare, It often takes 10 days to two weeks to process their claim. Thomas estimates that the average stay at the shelter will be less than a month. Families forced from their homes by fires or natural calamities also would tx? housed tem- por at lly at the family shelter. In today's Magazine, (Page IE) 7 he Gazelle projiles Jour couples who were homeless u hcii they sought shelter at the Rescue Mission and ex­ amines the issues involved in locat­ ing the proposed family shelter. SUNDAY. MARCH 6, 1988 The Billings Gnzotto SECTION E MAGAZINE Sign up for Elderhostels /3E •ft Should teens work or study? /4E Storl.. by DONNA HEALY Photo* by JUDY TELL CM Th« Guana Stall Single men may choose a transient lifestyle, families rarely do. Vet homeless couples and families exist In BilJings, their struggles barely noticed beyond the network of local social service agencies. Most are left homeless through misfortune .• mistakes, according to Mitch Sartin. house manager at the Montana Rescue Mission. The vast majority want desperately to work. Some have made mistakes, but they want to get their lives squared away and get their life back on the path." To find shelter at thr Mission, husbands must sometimes bo split from their wives and families The Mission has three rooms for families now. The bcsl has tw o sots of bunk beds and a crib crammed into a space about the size of a college dorm room. Bathrooms arc down the hall in the men's and women's dorms. "They're at a crisis point, the only thing they have left is themselves. Right at a time when they need to be together the most, they're forced to live apart," said the Rev. Nelson Rumore, assistant director at the Missioh. The lives of four couples who have called the Mission home' are profiled on this page and page two of today's Magazine, along with arguments for and against establishing an emergency family shelter on the South Side. ssog; $ Susan Check left a life as a prostitute because she was tired of being beaten for no reason. She moved from the women's dorm to her own tiny room when she married another Mission resident two weeks ago. Teen breaks away from the streets and begins a new life When a pimp tried to strangle her with the cord from an Iron, Susan Check decided she had to get off the streets. •I was with a man that beat me and I was working on the streets. 1 couldn't go home and 1 just dccided I couldn't handle it anymore, so I came here," tho 1&- yearold said as she sat in the back of the chapel at the "escue Mission. "I was tired of being beat up for thing" / She had bounced back and forth between her home in Billings and the streets since she was 16. "1 Just really got led astray," she said. "I felt there was no hope." Today she works as a housemother for the women's dorm, receiving $10 a week for her labor. Two weeks ago. she married Ken, the houseman at the Mission, who earns M • shift for his six-day a week job "I came to the MLssion and 1 got tons of support and understanding T hey didn't judge me and they didn't care about my background," she said. Since their wedding, the couple has shared a bunk bed at the Mission, living In a room about twice the width of their bed. One door opens on to the women's dorm, the other on the men's dorm. "He goes to his bathroom and 1 go to mine," she said. "The walls are realJy thin upstairs, you can! have a conversation without somebody hearing it" To find space for the newlyweds, two men were moved to downstairs bunks. If the emergency family shelter becomes a reality, the couple may join the resident "staff." | "We've both been through a lot," she said, "aod we can use the things we've been through to help other people," i-WUH 'MJJJJtLli'k u PI VIP ? V'. : r*l #••• • • - :|.v • m.-.v; %• fir- u-"'. •) l QK. *1. J Christina plays on the sidewalk as her paronts Dave and Paula McClellan unpack their belongings. The couple, who left California looking for ranch work and a "new start," were stranded In Bill ings when McClellan lost his wallet. Mission offers a homeless family a respite from the road Paula iiml have M< f lellnn were 'looking for a new Mutt Mhrnlhcy l"ft ( alifnima, headed for Montana wlthlheli mmi old daughter I wo on oflis ai;o, Mi (le'lnn lost his job as a rr>n» h hand, a job w hu h paid $7 SO nn hour and provided a trailer home fi r hi*. family. Itaised on a cattle ranch. McClellan said he has held a steady job since he was If. He has never been on welfare, never collected food stamps. Hut McClellan. 24. was unable to find ranch work around Stockton "We loaded the car with what we needed, took what was left of my paycheck and left," he said At a gas station in Livingston, he lorrt his wallet, with *£>0 in the billfold When the couple got to Billings, they came to the Mission Couple determined to stay together adjusts to dorm life Airier locker sits t>esldc F.uvone Gibson's bunk bed in I he women's dorm A red suitcase and two cosmetic cases with her possessions sit near the head of her bed. Between the wall and the bunk, set on a coffee can, is a framed photograph of her 22-year-old husband Larry. The couple have been married for four years, but while they stay at the Mission, he is forbidden to enter thr women'sdormitory where Kuvone bonks. • I can walk up to the stairs, hut that s as far as I'm allowed to go." said Glbon "Right now. we're separated by a wall and doors " They see each other before R a.m., when Larry starts work dnvwg the Hescue Mission truck, or in the evening, when they sit in lounge chairs at the back "1 his Is the broke-1 < id ih< . ju t I Mr iriiuii* in • by rny.'i If, I • pla« e ' While hi- -.lays In Ui<- ro and child .sleep in one of the thr .ion for families. • two to take c are rf If Id have s lept In the ' MT On their fourth day in RUJings, McClellan was chasing down job leads by phone, while his wife counted out pennies from a tea tin dug from the luggage in the trunk of their Dodge Omni Their daughter Christina followed in tow, announcing to anyone who stopped to listen that she had broken her necklace. "1 here's no place for her to play." Paula said "She keeps saving, 'ma, let* go home * " f the t . thr uple were together almost Euvone Gibson bunks In the women's dorm while her husband has a room of his own on the men's side. V or four year constantly "Larry and I need to tie together to keep him on an even keel," Kuvone said "We more or less look after each other." he said Gibson was bom in Montana and grew up in Billings, petting his 0 E I), from Senior High. His wife w as born in New Mexico "I've rented aU over Hillings." he said "I try to avoid welfare, but I was collecting stamps" Gibson has worked as a laborer, dishwasher and cook The longest he e\ er held a job was just over a year. A car accident in 1982 left Euvone unable to work. The couple were living with friends, but their room had no heat W hen the cold weather came, they moved into the Mission "I was hoping to get a job within a couple of months," Gibson said "Attempting to find a job. that's a constant job anyway." Separation and a lack of privacy make life at the Mission difficult for couples like Larry Gibson and his wife Euvone. SOME CALL IT HOME, from Page IE. • •• South Side residents and Rescue Mission personnel debate location of emergency family shelter The two Billings City CouncUwomen who represent the South Side see the controversy over the Rcscue Mission's emergency family shelter as particularly Ironic In light of the council's vote last month to deny a stockbroker the right to relocate in a dental complex on the West End. At the conclusion of the council meeting. Ward 1 representative Blllie Krenzler Jokingly Invited the professionals to open offices on the South Side. "I told them wr would love to hnve you come to our side of town. We'll take all the dentists and stockbrokers we can got, but all we get are Jails and detention centers." she recalled In a phone Interview. Both Krenzler. and Ward 1 councilwoman Marion Doner, vehemently oppose the location of the shelter on the fringe of a strong residential neighborhood. •The South Side Is becoming a dumping ground for what people donl want in other parts of the city," Doner said In a phone interview. The area, she said, already contains its fair share of group homes and low- income housing. "A neighborhood to us Is people who have an investment in our neighborhood," said Rod Garcia, president of the South Park Task Force. 'The people who will be coming, will have no investment in our neighborhood," said Garcia, who vowed to pack tomorrow's council meeting with enough supporters to make the meeting last two hours with each Individual speaking for the three-minute limit "There are areas on the South Side where I could embrace this," said Sheryl lloffarth, a South Park Task Force member whoso grandparents were the first In her family to move to the South Side. "We recognize the need. We are very much opposed to this location." The Rev. Tommy Thomas, executive director of the Rescue Mission, questions why the opposiUon even exists. When the Mission s house managers polled the Immediate neighbors, they found 15 in support of the shelter, six against. Garcia said he canvassed the area and found only one resident In favor of the shelter. The emergency family shelter would Improve the property, Thomas said. The current landlord. Dale Monti, agrees. The large number of vacant apartments In Billings, Monti said, has forced him to rent to undesirable tenants. MWe have had prostitutes and pimps and dope pushers and devil worshippers." ho said. "I bet you over the last five years we've probably had 100 police calls over there." The Mission plans to upgrade the apartments to meet building and fire codes and enhance Its appearance. "What's the difference between an apartment building and a hotel?" Dozier challenged. "When it's an apartment building, you have a chance to know who your neighbors are. When it's a hotel, you never know," she said. "You never have any stability In the neighborhood." The task force and others have offered to help look for other locations, rattling off a list of possibilities that Includes Elliots Furniture store, the Lincoln Hotel, and the Thundcrblrd Motel. Thomas said he has looked at other buildings, but each has been too small, too large, or too cosUy to buy or remodel. Opponents worry that the shelter will Increase the foot traffic of transients past Garfield School, which Is a block away from the proposed shelter. Homeless families will be bused five blocks to the Mission for • menLs three times n day, said the Hev. Nelson Itumore, the Mission's assistant director, because of the Insurance risk of allowing families to cook in their apartments. The Mission staff will be unable to control the families, opponents claim, and the shelter will Increase neighborhood crime, with the area's elderly residents particularly vulnerable. "My phone doesn't quit ringing from the people In the neighborhood that are afraid," Krenzler said. The fear, Thomas said, stems from a false Impression of homeless families that equates the families with the winos and transients who hang around the Mission's back dock. "If we could line them all up In a room and you could see them, the opposition would melt away," said Rumore, who intends to bring snapshots of the families to the council meeting. "They're reaching out to some boogie man that ^ doesn't really exist," Thomas said. Opponents point to the blighted condition of the area sunounding the existing Mission, which they said Ls littered with broken bottles and human excrement. Wlnos urinate against buildings, vandalize nearby businesses and are abusive to passerby. "The mission has already Impacted our neighborhood an enormous amount," said Dozier, who expects her opponent to be cast as "sainted" for attempting to cure the problem of the homeless. "I don't think that Tommy TT»orna.s has any trnrk record at all on Uie South Side," Dozier saul. arid claimed Uiat he has been unresponsive to community complaints. Judging the Mission by the people who sit on the back dock is unfair. Thomas said, since many of those people are turned a*ray from the MLvaon because they are drunk. Thomas said he added the sniary for a security guard to patrol the area to the Mission's annual budget, beginning this month. "We are hearing what the community Is saying and we want to be a good neighbor," Thomas said. Emergency shelter plans call for full time supervision, with a married couple acting as house < h managers and living on the apartment building's ground floor. A 10 p.m. curfew would be Imposed. In a Gazette Interview, Thomas offered to sign any reasonable guarantee to insure that the shelter does not disrupt the neighborhood and pledged to close the shelter If It became a neighborhood nuisance. Pregnant and abandoned, she found shelter Debbie Wels was two months married and six weeks v i pregnant when her ' husband left her. Married In early January of last year, the couple , were sleeping in the backseat of her Dodge Aspen behind a gas . • station on the South Side. "Don sent me out shopping for I pop and cigarettes and a loaf of " bread and when I got hack he .« wasn't there." Wels. 2.1, recalled. / When her husband didn't show ( up the next morning, she stopped at the MLssion to look for him. The ] couple met at the Mission In 1986 For all but two weeks of their marriage, the couple had lived In a car, bouncing between Denver, Salt Debbie Wels, single parenL Lake City and Billings. At times, both were working, but they never settled down. "There was never really anything to show for It, and he was keeping It mostly In his pocket," she said. Weis stayed on at the Mission until the seventh month of her pregnancy, but she was told that the Mission lacked the facllJUes to care for her near the end of her term. Now she lives with her 4- month-old daughter Becky In low- income housing on the West End Her first child, a boy, was given up for adoption. Raised on a f*rm near Three Forks, Wels said rihe grew up In a "strong Christian home." After leaving home, she worked seasonal }obs at Big Sky a/>d West Yellowstone For her, the Mission "was a place to stay where there was a tot of Chj wtlan fellowship "It was time to quit running." Organization suggests HUD houses as shelters Gazette Start Reports, A Southside neighborhood organi­ zation that opposed the opening of a shelter for Bill ings' homeless Is sub­ mitting an alternative to the city Wednesday to use abandoned houses for shelters The Bill ings Southside Chapter of Montana People's Action Is propos­ ing that the city negotiate with the Department of Housing and Urban Development to lease houses fore­ closed on by HUD as temporary shel­ ters for homeless families. The group opposed a shelter proposed by the Montana Rescue Mission at 3318 Sec­ ond Ave. S. t which was voted down by the City Council Monday night MPA co-chairman Robb Lowe said there are more than <00 aban­ doned properties In Bill ings — 300 of them foreclosed on by HUD — that could be used as shelters. "This ap­ proach Is being employed In other cities and would l>e nn Ideal way for BliUngs to deal with two problems si­ multaneously," Lowe said. In a four-page proposal sent to City Council members Wednesday, Lowe said HUD Is currently leasing foreclosed houses for $1 per year In Memphis, Tenn., for homeless fami­ l ies. Also, such a program would (More on Shelter, Page 14A) Shelter From Page One i scatter shelters In neighborhoods throughout the city, said MPA mem­ ber Dennis McCord. "We believe that this Is a citywide problem and one that should be shared by the entire community," he said. In the proposal, the neighborhood group offered to work with local gov­ ernment and other organizations to implement the program In Bill ings. Meanwhile, The Rev. Nelson Ru­ more, assistant director of the Res­ cue Mission, said Tuesday that the organization will continue trying to open Montana's f irst shelter for homeless families. The mission's board of directors met earlier In the day and decided lo look for another site because "the nerd Is gieat," he said. No timetable (or finding another site has been established, he said, but the mission had raised about $70,000 for the shelter project before the vote. During Its 35-year history, the mission has "been on the cutting edge (of providing shelter for the homeless) and will continue to be," Rumore said The mission proposed converting a three-story apartment building at 3318 Second Ave. S. Into an emer­ gency shelter for homeless families, single parents with children and mar­ ried couples. But on Monday night, council memlK!rs voted 7-3 against allowing the mission to carry out Its plan at that site. The composition of the zoning vote was incorrectly reported In The Gazette on Tuesday. Those who voted against allowing the use by special review were Kay Foster, Richard Clark, Marion Dozier, Blll ie Krenzler, Betty Long, John Michuno- vlch and Don Olson. Those in favor were Owen Neiter, Norm Kolpln and Dennis Flick. South Side residents organized lo prevent the shelter from being placed In the former church buUdlng. They said the shelter would bring Into their neighborhoods the prob­ lems that the mission has at Its Minnesota Avenue building There, winos and transients loiter despite mission officials' efforts to remove them from the premises. Residents said schoolchildren wouldn't be safe and property values would drop If the shelter were al­ lowed at the Second Avenue site. They also said the rest of the cily must stop regarding the South Side as the favored location for social- service agencies and Institutions. "We aren't Inking this personally," Rumore said. "It's not a they-wln, we lose situation. I don't view the op­ position as enemies. I respect their rights and opinions." The public hearing and council vote provided "an opportunity for people to focus for a couple hours on an ongoing problem we have In this area. Tonight, we'l l be In our com­ fortable homes, and I can almost guarantee you that there's a family (sleeping) In their car somewhere In this area," he said. Mission officials "learned a lot about politics" during the four mont­ h-old project, Rumore said. And they'l l apply another lesson In trying to find another shelter site. "We're asking for broad-based com­ munity Input. Give us that Input as the mission seeks another shelter,'1 he said. M$ ApP/24p£/AT& a/ 0£/e/j77rr7o ^#?- /2- 6UMPATH- '• Rfc svmmck mp wwe/z sotsrtce JOASFZZ Pec&ueetz zz S(JN ALTITUDES VFp£7Zi 7mrFWS 7% &£• mtz/C&X- m VNLBYAiM pML&y A\J£PA&£ VHl&Y MlAltMU. yi°F-FFfe-Z/A& \ / * M ~/0°F -ZD'F -4O°F. \M FEB AM# AfP/L MAY kAWE JUL-i AU& 5EFT '/W PBC . mJTHLV TEMPEPATUe&Z •V""* — — ——— — BIBLIOGRAPHY Adams, Helen D., History of the South Park Neighborhood, paper,1978. Jacobs, Jane, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, Random House, Toronto, Canada, 1961. Lynch, Kevin, The Image of the City, M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1986. Melnyk, George, The Search for Community: From Utopia to a Cooperative Society, Black Rose Books, Buffalo, New York, 1985. Montana: Solar and Weather Information, Western Sun, Portland, Oregon, 1980. Ruffner, James A. and Bair, Frank E., Weather of U.S. Cities, Volume 2, Gale Research Company, Michigan, Detroit,1985. Trancik, Roger, Finding Lost Space: Theories of Urban Design, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1986. Wright, Katherine, Billings: The Magic City and How It Grew, Artcraft Printers, Montana, Billings, 1978. If t4j 'I ||H aMvmn^rW ';'i i\' ritl tei 55 BIT r,lv-wsT ^ i jT * «js*£P "t - fci H ' ,-f ** «i» — j'1!• "A^.'Sw •• I — ~i-:- r, \ > r J jink#'' •&EEM •- »- I 'u X. «u • A (-<• a»H »•«» / / l / i / ! ' - « • - + - ! -J? *^3 i i- ^ > : n v- n i l . v : I * ! • > « • •* * • • • " 1 =- i.', •.» " ""« ' *»T '• • HI m j 1* . ttect ' j fc-1-4—,a rr < 1 f . p! 1,* V ' f cQ 1 •- «,u.H tiati MM..... CO MINNESOTA AV i \J TT~l d ;T~"' ~ * 11 ii. * jj • i. 1; m* ! \ T | to fTw 58 ra n . 9 © CD I IE? £ s££> E 2-5 I 111 he MINNESOTA MINNESOTA u A V * -W-' . If" /|r / •V r ; • f f ! * t • b 1 yf ~XK.T • — r • t * i *** ti j mi M T -Mj • CO MINNESOTA AV I IF^I ;: uStorI r- VSH3 I JL }l*y tm+fwm ; - g y i c 5 i u - , I^ -gSri t - «• t V 7 •/(*!/,/;« | / U „'-*4 v " ( l l . > • i jrr*i jmsr :&£B ^•/vsfr-" zx.Xri? •H" /• 94 ~" V_ ' I - - r m -IrtTA : u g f i T i i . . - - 1 r M I -4. m 1 1 i • > * i * T ^ I N " h U y . « m J a ' .4.1/M) 1 — . . .%. ovt. k ' p - U y ; jz. T t vt^ &zir '23 - i f - . : -A -t ! t u. IV« - CO MINNESOTA :9ioorHJ j g t o ' U , E . * j E l f f i ! f c r . 1 1 U E s a 4 ; i - a ' " • ! l = i A J L ^ > Cl: n -.J.. Wx s- p E J i t o . * 5 0 c ? ' 3 d £ > > *J I r i J S J V s r ^ EiTTTs T I 1 - ! « . • • • I !.•.. — *•< » —• l i r ® * * . t f T T S - l t . 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