# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Propensity Score-Matching Methods for Observational Studies: An Application to Stat 216 Data

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Many fields of science are faced with the inability to perform randomized experiments, but wish to have the ability to estimate a treatment effect and make causal inference. Propensity score matching is a method that can be used in observational studies to obtain unbiased estimates of the treatment effect. In this paper we consider the theory behind utilizing propensity score
matching to obtain these such estimates, as well as explain how to implement propensity score matching in R using the Matching package for data from Montana State University’s Introductory Statistics curriculum.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Propensity Score-Matching Methods for Observational Studies: An Application to Stat 216 Data

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
A study to determine why nurses in Montana do or do not hold a membership in ANA

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.advisor[].value
Chairperson, Graduate Committee:  Laura Walker

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Professional Schools

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.rights.holder[].value
Copyright 1971 by Marlene Pherson Stellmon

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
A study to determine why nurses in Montana do or do not hold a membership in ANA

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
α-Chymotrypsin Immobilized on a Low-Density Polyethylene Surface Successfully Weakens Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
The protease α-chymotrypsin (α-CT) was covalently immobilized on a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) surface, providing a new non-leaching material (LDPE-α-CT) able to preserve surfaces from biofilm growth over a long working timescale. The immobilized enzyme showed a transesterification activity of 1.24 nmol/h, confirming that the immobilization protocol did not negatively affect α-CT activity. Plate count viability assays, as well as confocal laser scanner microscopy (CLSM) analysis, showed that LDPE-α-CT significantly impacts Escherichia coli biofilm formation by (i) reducing the number of adhered cells (−70.7 ± 5.0%); (ii) significantly affecting biofilm thickness (−81.8 ± 16.7%), roughness (−13.8 ± 2.8%), substratum coverage (−63.1 ± 1.8%), and surface to bio-volume ratio (+7.1 ± 0.2-fold); and (iii) decreasing the matrix polysaccharide bio-volume (80.2 ± 23.2%). Additionally, CLSM images showed a destabilized biofilm with many cells dispersing from it. Notably, biofilm stained for live and dead cells confirmed that the reduction in the biomass was achieved by a mechanism that did not affect bacterial viability, reducing the chances for the evolution of resistant strains.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.identifier.citation[].value
Catto, Cristina, Francesco Secundo, Garth A. James, Federica Villa, and Francesca Cappitelli. "α-Chymotrypsin Immobilized on a Low-Density Polyethylene Surface Successfully Weakens Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 12 (December 2018). DOI:10.3390/ijms19124003.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.rights[].value
CC BY: This license lets you distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon this work, even commercially, as long as you credit the original creator for this work. This is the most accommodating of licenses offered. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
α-Chymotrypsin Immobilized on a Low-Density Polyethylene Surface Successfully Weakens Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.mus.citation.journaltitle[].value
International Journal of Molecular Sciences

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Modification of seed fatty acid composition by CRISPR/Cas9 targeting the fatty acid elongase1 in Camelina sativa

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.advisor[].value
Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Chaofu Lu

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
The low-input oilseed crop Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) is known for its high omega-3 (18:3) content, short growth season, and facile gene transformation. Camelina mostly contains unsaturated fatty acids, however its fatty acid composition needs optimization depending on the end uses, for example reduction of unsaturated fatty acid to use as biodiesels, or enhancing omega-3 fatty acid content to use as nutritional supplements. Very long chain fatty acid (VLCFAs, C20-C24), are undesirable for human consumption, and their accumulation in seed oil also needs to be diminished. VLCFAs are produced by the catalytic action of fatty acid elongase1 (FAE1), and Camelina contains three alleles of FAE1 genes (FAE1-A, FAE1-B, and FAE1-C) due to its allohexaploid nature. Recently, VLCFAs in camelina were decreased along with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) using the RNA interference (RNAi) technology. A low VLCFA line was also isolated from ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) induced mutants. Sequencing results indicated that FAE1-B gene was mutated and resulted in 60% reduction in VLCFAs, but other two FAE1 copies were presumably still active in the mutant. To address this multipleallele-knockout-at-once problem, here I investigated the effect of knocking out three alleles of FAE1 genes using CRISPR technology with egg cell-specific Cas9 expression. Due to the germline mutation, homozygous FAE1 knockout mutants were successfully created in a single generation. VLCFA accumulation was significantly decreased from 22% of total fatty acids in wild type to less than 2% in transgenic plants, and the C18 unsaturated fatty acids were improved since 18:1 substrates were diverted to desaturation pathway, rather than elongation. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of four transgenic generations indicated that the mutations that cause low VLCFA genotype were heritable. There was no significant difference observed in seed weight, plant height, total oil content, and seed germination in Cas9-induced mutants compared to the wild type. This study showed that polyploid Camelina can be modified rapidly and effectively through CRISPR/Cas9 to achieve desired fatty acid composition.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Modification of seed fatty acid composition by CRISPR/Cas9 targeting the fatty acid elongase1 in Camelina sativa

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.thesis.degree.committeemembers[].value
Members, Graduate Committee: Michael J. Giroux; Robert Sharrock.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
The personal essay film and large carnivores: moving beyond science in search of empathy and action

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.advisor[].value
Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Dennis Aig

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description[].value
Part of the pack' is a film that is part of the student's thesis project.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Despite their common usage in natural history documentary films, appeals based solely upon scientific facts, expert testimony, and rational arguments are not particularly effective at convincing audiences to change their opinions on controversial subjects. Psychologists argue that this is because humans tend to base our decisions on emotion and social affiliations; and therefore, working to find common ground and motive between opposing sides in an argument may be one of the strongest stances from which to start a useful discussion. This is a particularly important consideration when addressing large carnivore conservation because their management is so deeply rooted in our cultural beliefs and identities. I propose that personal essay films, focused on immersing their audiences as much as possible in the authentic experiences of a compelling protagonist, may be an effective way to begin opening up a viewer's opinions on a highly charged subject without directly attacking all of their most strongly held beliefs. Through analyzing representative personal documentary films, I highlight the importance of certain structural elements when trying to connect with an audience on an emotional level; such as letting the passionate protagonist tell their own story, including surprising and mysterious instances in the film, and not oversimplifying moments of indecision or confusion. Part of the Pack (2017), my autobiographical thesis film, attempts to put these insights into practice by inviting the audience to join in my experiences of living closely with captive wolves. My hope is that personal essay films like this can foster the type of emotional connection and common-ground thinking necessary for viewers to start empathizing with and promoting the conservation of large predators.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Arts & Architecture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
The personal essay film and large carnivores: moving beyond science in search of empathy and action

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.thesis.degree.committeemembers[].value
Members, Graduate Committee: Theo Lipfert; Lucia Ricciardelli.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Enhanced mobility of pb in the presence of dissolved natural organic matter

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
The speciation of Pb in batch experiments and its mobility under flowing conditions in column transport experiments were investigated to study Pb behavior in a soil-water system in the presence of dissolved natural organic matter (DOM), peat humic acid (PHA) and peat fulvic acid (PFA). A sandy soil having a significant intraparticle porosity was used as the sorbing media. Batch equilibrium sorption isotherms for single components (Pb, PHA, and PFA) and for Pb in the presence of PHA and PFA were generated. Batch equilibrium experiments were also performed for both PHA and PFA to investigate Pb-DOM binding in the absence of soil. Single component (Pb, PHA, and PFA) and multicomponent (Pb-PHA and Pb-PFA) laboratory-scale column transport experiments were conducted to assess transport behavior of Pb in the presence of DOM.

Sorption isotherms indicated that the soil had a higher affinity for PHA than for PFA. However, single component column transport experiments showed that PHA was less retarded than PFA. This anomaly was attributed to the size exclusion of the larger PHA molecules from the intraparticle porosity of the media under the geochemical conditions in the column. Pb retardation predicted by equilibrium equations based upon nonlinear isotherm parameterization agreed well with observed retardation. However, equilibrium retardation equations overpredicted retardation of DOM, indicating sorption kinetic limitations (chemical and/or physical nonequilibrium), molecular size exclusion during column transport, or chemical heterogeneity of the DOM.

In multicomponent column transport experiments, Pb retardation decreased by factors of 4–8 in the presence of DOM. Multicomponent batch equilibrium experiments suggested that Pb mobility was governed by speciation of Pb with soluble DOM during transport. Thus, Pb eluted earlier in the presence of PHA than in the presence of PFA because PHA had a higher affinity for Pb binding than PFA.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.identifier.citation[].value
Jordan, Ryan N., David R. Yonge, and Wade E. Hathhorn. “Enhanced Mobility of Pb in the Presence of Dissolved Natural Organic Matter.” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 29, no. 1 (December 1997): 59–80. doi:10.1016/s0169-7722(96)00087-3.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Enhanced mobility of pb in the presence of dissolved natural organic matter

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Effects of an operational coal mine on pronghorn antelope

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.rights.holder[].value
Copyright 1982 by Thomas Bruce Segerstrom

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Effects of an operational coal mine on pronghorn antelope

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
The influence of selected Artemisia compounds on mule deer preference

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
The influence of selected Artemisia compounds on mule deer preference

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Outside of the box : shifting from traditional to performance-based curriculum and assessment

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.advisor[].value
Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Jayne Downey

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
In an era of rapid technological and economic change, public school systems are challenged to find new ways to engage today's student and increase student learning. Clearly it is difficult to create and implement a "one-size-fits-all" educational model for all students in the United States. However, current research indicates that increases in student achievement may be achieved by implementing educational approaches built around active inquiry, authentic learning, and project/performance demonstrations of student achievement (DeLorenzo, 2012; Haystead, 2010; Marzano, et al., 2001, Mortenson, 2009). This qualitative study examines the process by which an alternative program in a public high school setting began the shift from a traditional teacher-led, time-based system of curriculum delivery and assessment to one that is student-centered and performance-based. Findings from interviews with five administrators and five classroom instructors indicate that national mandates, local mandates, a motivator, and a moral purpose led the district's move toward a performance-based educational model. Communication, time, and alignment with traditional school systems were the challenges faced and increases in teacher engagement, student engagement, and academic rigor were the successes encountered. Suggestions for further research are presented.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Education, Health & Human Development

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Outside of the box : shifting from traditional to performance-based curriculum and assessment

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.thesis.degree.committeemembers[].value
Members, Graduate Committee: Christine Rogers Stanton; Lynn Kelting-Gibson; Scott Davis

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Experimental infection of specific pathogen-free domestic lambs with Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.advisor[].value
Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Diane Bimczok

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.other[].value
Diane Bimczok, Kerri Jones, Cassie Mosdal, Steven Jones, SK, CB, AS, and B. Tegner Jacobson were co-authors of the article, 'Immunoglobulin transfer, survival, and growth in motherless lambs fed a bovine serum-based colostrum replacer' which is contained within this thesis.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.other[].value
Kerri Jones, B. Tegner Jacobson, Julia Schearer, Noah Adams, Isaak Thornton, Cassie Mosdal, Steven Jones, Mark Jutila, Agnieszka Rynda-Apple, Thomas Besser and Diane Bimczok were co-authors of the article, 'Experimental infection of specific-pathogen-free domestic lambs with Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae causes asymptomatic colonization of the upper airways that is resistant to antibiotic treatment' in the journal 'Veterinary microbiology' which is contained within this thesis.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (M. ovi) is a respiratory pathogen commonly found in sheep and goats. It is associated with mild to moderate respiratory disease in domestic lambs, but severe pneumonia outbreaks in wild ruminants, specifically bighorn sheep. The goal of our study was to better understand the role of M. ovi as a respiratory pathogen in domestic sheep and to explore potential antibiotic treatment approaches. We first established a flock of specific pathogen-free (SPF) lambs through supervised lambing and motherless rearing in a Large Animal BSL-2 facility. Lambs were fed a colostrum replacer that yielded low mortality, steady weight gain and serum IgG and protein concentrations comparable to those of lambs raised on ewe colostrum. We inoculated the SPF lambs with field isolates of M. ovi and monitored the lambs for eight weeks for colonization with the bacteria, M. ovi-specific antibodies, clinical symptoms, and cellular and molecular correlates of lung inflammation. After eight weeks, lambs were treated with the macrolide antibiotic gamithromycin and observed for an additional four weeks. Stable colonization of the upper respiratory tract with M. ovi was established in all four M. ovi-inoculated, but in none of the four mock-infected lambs. All M. ovi-infected lambs developed a robust antibody response to M. ovi within 2 weeks. However, we did not observe significant clinical symptoms, evidence of lung damage or inflammation in any of the infected lambs. Interestingly, treatment with gamithromycin failed to reduce M. ovi colonization. These observations indicate that, in the absence of co-factors, M. ovi causes asymptomatic colonization of the upper respiratory tract of that is resistant to clearance by the host immune response as well as by gamithromycin treatment in domestic lambs.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Experimental infection of specific pathogen-free domestic lambs with Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.thesis.degree.committeemembers[].value
Members, Graduate Committee: Mark Jutila; Agnieszka Rynda-Apple; Carl Yeoman

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Improving the removal of phenols in the biological portion of the Conoco Oil refinery wastewater treatment plant, Billings, MT

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.advisor[].value
Chairperson, Graduate Committee:  Howard S. Peavy

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Improving the removal of phenols in the biological portion of the Conoco Oil refinery wastewater treatment plant, Billings, MT

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Developmental differences in children in hand temperature control through biofeedback

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.rights.holder[].value
Copyright 1988 by Jane Grazier Georgitis

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Developmental differences in children in hand temperature control through biofeedback

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Guide for implementing career education into a distributive education program (marketing and distribution cluster)

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.advisor[].value
Chairperson, Graduate Committee:  Norman L. Millikin

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
This study was undertaken to:  1. Develop a guide for implementing education and the marketing and distribution occupational clusters into a Distributive Education program. 2. Develop a list of facilities, equipment, and materials necessary for implementation of the above plan. 3. Develop a procedure for post-evaluation of the above plan. Numerous writings discuss career education and its acknowledged benefits. However, in order to obtain those benefits, the concept of career education must be implemented into our classrooms. Other than information about various career mini-units being used, very little data can be found which talks about career education in terms of classroom activities and curriculum design. This study is an attempt to assemble usable guidelines which can result in the successful operation of the career development concept in a distributive education classroom.  Chapter III of this paper will serve as a step-by-step guide for implementation; and hopefully, it can curb the hesitancy of many teachers to develop and establish similar programs for their own use.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Professional Schools

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Guide for implementing career education into a distributive education program (marketing and distribution cluster)

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Employment effects of prevailing wage laws

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
State prevailing wage laws require that construction workers hired by private contractors on public works projects be paid minimum wages equal to corresponding market wages within a given locality. This analysis uses individual-level data from the Current Population Survey and state-level data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and Bureau of Labor Statistics to estimate effects of prevailing wage laws on construction worker employment. The empirical strategy exploits the repeal of ten states' prevailing wage laws from 1979 - 1995, incorporating both contemporaneous and lagged effects. Findings include a five to nine percentage point probability increase in construction worker employment associated with repeal of prevailing wage laws. Extended analysis includes estimates of differential effects for groups of construction workers by skill-level and race. Findings suggest a strong positive employment effect for construction workers in general, with little evidence to suggest that sub-groups of construction workers are differentially affected by race or skill-level. Exceptions include a five percentage point decrease in probability of construction employment associated with Hispanic workers after three or more years, and an eleven percentage point increase in probably of employment associated with laborers within the first two years of repeal.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Employment effects of prevailing wage laws

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.thesis.degree.committeemembers[].value
Members, Graduate Committee: Isaac Swensen; Wendy A. Stock.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Engineering

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Intent to remember and von Restorff (isolation) effects reveal attentional processes

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.advisor[].value
Chairperson, Graduate Committee:  Richard A. Block

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
A classic finding in the memory literature is that participants remember items that are isolated, distinctive, or salient compared to items lacking in these characteristics. This finding is usually attributed to von Restorff (1933) which is when an item is isolated against a homogenous background; the learning of that isolated item is enhanced or facilitated. Block (2009) found that intent to remember a specific type of picture also enhances the subsequent recognition of it, and he suggested that increased attention to target stimuli is implicated. The three experiments reported here clarify the possible link between the attentional processes involving both of these effects. Participants saw a series of various types of pictures, with some participants being instructed to remember targets, such as human faces. The intentional memory effect was replicated. Other findings clarify the relationship between the von Restorff and intent-to-remember effects.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Intent to remember and von Restorff (isolation) effects reveal attentional processes

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.thesis.degree.committeemembers[].value
Members, Graduate Committee:  Michelle L. Meade; Keith A. Hutchison

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Application of the thiosulfonate switch technique and a modified biotin switch technique protocols to detect protein S-nitrosothiols in mouse liver lysates in 1D and 2D gel studies

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.advisor[].value
Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Paul Grieco; Brian Bothner (co-chair)

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
While the role of nitric oxide (NO) in cell signaling and liver growth has been well documented, the identification of S-nitrosylated proteins, one of the major NO transport mechanisms within the cell, remains a challenge. Classically, the implementation of biotin labeling, known as the biotin switch technique (BST), with streptavidin-agarose bead pulldown and subsequent immunoblotting, has offered the best results for identifying S-nitrosocysteine residues within proteins. However, this technique has come under scrutiny for its use of ascorbate as a reducing agent. Numerous published accounts have shown ascorbate's poor reducing potential especially for S-nitrosoproteins. To this end, the Grieco lab has shown that pure S-nitrosylated proteins can be transformed into S-phenylsulfonylcysteine residues, which can be readily converted into mixed disulfides thus allowing for labeling of pure nitrosylated proteins at pH's as low as pH 4. This protocol is referred to as the thiosulfonate switch technique (TST). The Grieco lab has also modified the biotin switch technique to incorporate electrophilic maleimide and orthopyridyl disulfide (OPSS) dyes for fluorescence labeling of the S-nitroso proteome. To examine the scope and limitations of the TST vis-a-vis cell lysates, the TST protocol and the modified BST protocol, both employing novel Z-CyDyes developed in the Grieco Laboratory, have been used to specifically label S-nitrosylated proteins in complex liver lysates. The successful labeling of mouse liver lysates, employing UV and ascorbate SNO knockout negative controls, is demonstrated in both 1D and 2D gel studies. Also reported herein is the creation of novel second generation maleimide dyes (SO3-Cy-Mal) based on Z-CyDyes.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Application of the thiosulfonate switch technique and a modified biotin switch technique protocols to detect protein S-nitrosothiols in mouse liver lysates in 1D and 2D gel studies

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.thesis.degree.committeemembers[].value
Members, Graduate Committee: Edward E. Schmidt; Mary J. Cloninger.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
A multi-wavelength study of dwarf galaxies with active massive black holes

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.advisor[].value
Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Amy E. Reines

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.other[].value
This is a manuscript style paper that includes co-authored chapters.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Dwarf galaxies which host massive black holes with M less than or equivalent to 106M circled dot give us an opportunity to better understand the formation mechanism behind the supermassive black holes that live in the center of galaxies. Studying how common massive black holes in dwarfs are is an important step in constraining the channels that led to those supermassive black holes. An important part of that study is understanding in what types of dwarf galaxies we can expect to find massive black holes. I present a multi-wavelength study of dwarf galaxies which attempts to find any trends in the morphologies of the hosts of active massive black holes. I begin by modeling the structures of a sample of galaxies which have been identified as black hole hosts; I then perform an identical modeling on a sample of galaxies which show no signs of hosting a massive black hole. I finish by describing an X-ray search for massive black holes among irregular/disturbed galaxies, including the discovery of a very bright X-ray source which is extremely likely to be a massive black hole in a dwarf-dwarf merger. This is one of the first active massive black holes discovered in such a late-stage merger, and it is also notable for radiating at nearly its upper limit.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
A multi-wavelength study of dwarf galaxies with active massive black holes

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.thesis.degree.committeemembers[].value
Members, Graduate Committee: Angela Des Jardins; Anne Lohfink; Greg Francis; Neil J. Cornish

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Family nurse practitioner preparation for managing emergent health needs in the rural clinic

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.advisor[].value
Chairperson, Graduate Committee:  M. Jean Shreffler

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.publisher[].value
Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Nursing

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Family nurse practitioner preparation for managing emergent health needs in the rural clinic

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Student achievement under the semi-departmentalized and self-contained school organization compared at the sixth grade level

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.rights.holder[].value
Copyright 1967 by Gary Orlando Germundson

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Student achievement under the semi-departmentalized and self-contained school organization compared at the sixth grade level