Flenniken, Michelle L.Andino, Raul2019-02-132019-02-132013-10Flenniken, Michelle L., and Raul Andino. “Non-Specific dsRNA-Mediated Antiviral Response in the Honey Bee.” Edited by Guy Smagghe. PLoS ONE 8, no. 10 (October 10, 2013): e77263. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0077263.1932-6203https://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/15260Honey bees are essential pollinators of numerous agricultural crops. Since 2006, honey bee populations have suffered considerable annual losses that are partially attributed to Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). CCD is an unexplained phenomenon that correlates with elevated incidence of pathogens, including RNA viruses. Honey bees are eusocial insects that live in colonies of genetically related individuals that work in concert to gather and store nutrients. Their social organization provides numerous benefits, but also facilitates pathogen transmission between individuals. To investigate honey bee antiviral defense mechanisms, we developed an RNA virus infection model and discovered that administration of dsRNA, regardless of sequence, reduced virus infection. Our results suggest that dsRNA, a viral pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP), triggers an antiviral response that controls virus infection in honey bees.enCC BY: This license lets you distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon this work, even commercially, as long as you credit the original creator for this work. This is the most accommodating of licenses offered. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcodeArticle