McMenamin, Alexander J.Flenniken, Michelle L.2018-07-162018-07-162018-02McMenamin, Alexander J. , and Michelle L. Flenniken. "Recently identified bee viruses and their impact on bee pollinators." Current Opinion in Insect Science (February 2018). DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.02.009.2214-5753https://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/14650Bees are agriculturally and ecologically important plant pollinators. Recent high annual losses of honey bee colonies, and reduced populations of native and wild bees in some geographic locations, may impact the availability of affordable food crops and the diversity and abundance of native and wild plant species. Multiple factors including viral infections affect pollinator health. The majority of well-characterized bee viruses are picorna-like RNA viruses, which may be maintained as covert infections or cause symptomatic infections or death. Next generation sequencing technologies have been utilized to identify additional bee-infecting viruses including the Lake Sinai viruses and Rhabdoviruses. In addition, sequence data is instrumental for defining specific viral strains and characterizing associated pathogenicity, such as the recent characterization of Deformed wing virus master variants (DWV-A, DWV-B, and DWV-C) and their impact on bee health.enCC BY-NC-ND 4.0, This license is the most restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your works and share them with others as long as they credit you, but they can’t change them in any way or use them commercially.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcodeArticle