Smith, Melinda S.Held, SuzanneRink, ElizabethByker Shanks, CarmenMiles, Mary P.2021-11-222021-11-222020-09Smith, M., Rink, E., Held, S., Byker Shanks, C., & Miles, M. (2021). The effects of foods available through the Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations (FDPIR) on inflammation response, appetite and energy intake. Public Health Nutrition, 24(10), 3037-3048. doi:10.1017/S13689800200028521368-9800https://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/16554Objective: To compare the effects of a typical Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations (FDPIR) diet with an FDPIR diet that meets Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) on inflammation response, appetite and energy intake on a combination of American Indian (AI) and non-AI individuals. Design: A within-subjects, randomised, crossover design was used to compare two dietary conditions: (1) a FDPIR diet that met DGA and (2) a FDPIR diet that did not meet DGA. Each participant served as their own control and was exposed to both dietary conditions. Repeated-measures ANOVA and t tests assessed significance between the two dietary conditions. Setting: This took place in the Montana State University Nutrition Research Laboratory in the USA. Participants: Female and male participants (n 13) aged 18–55 years from the university and local community. Results: There were no significant differences in inflammatory response and appetite sensations between the two dietary conditions. Findings indicated that participants ate 14 % more (P < 0·01) kcal on a typical FDPIR diet compared with a FDPIR diet that met DGA. Conclusions: Higher energy intake during a typical FDPIR diet compared with a FDPIR diet that meets DGA may increase risk for obesity and nutrition-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and other chronic inflammatory conditions.en-UShttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Article