The many effects of carnivores on their prey and their implications for trophic cascades, and ecosystem structure and function
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2016-09
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Despite some controversy, a wide range of research across multiple taxa have established that carnivores strongly influence prey population dynamics both through direct offtake and indirect risk effects. Because of these powerful top-down effects carnivores can influence ecosystems across multiple trophic levels. Here we discuss research addressing carnivore direct- and indirect effects on prey, and how these effects can influence overall ecosystem structure and function.
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Winnie, John Jr , and Scott Creel. "The many effects of carnivores on their prey and their implications for trophic cascades, and ecosystem structure and function." Food Webs 9 (September 2016). DOI:https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2016.09.002.