Postglacial adaptations enabled colonization and quasi-clonal dispersal of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in modern European large lakes

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Date
2023-02Author
Ngugi, David Kamanda
Salcher, Michaela M.
Andrei, Adrian-Stefan
Ghai, Rohit
Klotz, Franziska
Chiriac, Maria-Cecilia
Ionescu, Danny
Büsing, Petra
Grossart, Hans-Peter
Xing, Peng
Priscu, John C.
Alymkulov, Salmor
Pester, Michael
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Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) play a key role in the aquatic nitrogen cycle. Their genetic diversity is viewed as the outcome of evolutionary processes that shaped ancestral transition from terrestrial to marine habitats. However, current genome-wide insights into AOA evolution rarely consider brackish and freshwater representatives or provide their divergence timeline in lacustrine systems. An unbiased global assessment of lacustrine AOA diversity is critical for understanding their origins, dispersal mechanisms, and ecosystem roles. Here, we leveraged continental-scale metagenomics to document that AOA species diversity in freshwater systems is remarkably low compared to marine environments. We show that the uncultured freshwater AOA, “ Candidatus Nitrosopumilus limneticus,” is ubiquitous and genotypically static in various large European lakes where it evolved 13 million years ago. We find that extensive proteome remodeling was a key innovation for freshwater colonization of AOA. These findings reveal the genetic diversity and adaptive mechanisms of a keystone species that has survived clonally in lakes for millennia.
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Copyright© 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science.No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).
Citation
Ngugi, David Kamanda, Michaela M. Salcher, Adrian-Stefan Andrei, Rohit Ghai, Franziska Klotz, Maria-Cecilia Chiriac, Danny Ionescu et al. "Postglacial adaptations enabled colonization and quasi-clonal dispersal of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in modern European large lakes." Science Advances 9, no. 5 (2023): eadc9392.