Scholarly Work - Microbiology & Immunology
Recent Submissions
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Contact and contagion: Probability of transmission given contact varies with demographic state in bighorn sheep
(2017-05)Understanding both contact and probability of transmission given contact are key to managing wildlife disease. However, wildlife disease research tends to focus on contact heterogeneity, in part because the probability of ... -
Null expectations for disease dynamics in shrinking habitat: dilution or amplification?
(2017-06)As biodiversity declines with anthropogenic land-use change, it is increasingly important to understand how changing biodiversity affects infectious disease risk. The dilution effect hypothesis, which points to decreases ... -
Microclimates Might Limit Indirect Spillover of the Bat Borne Zoonotic Hendra Virus
(2017-01)Infectious diseases are transmitted when susceptible hosts are exposed to pathogen particles that can replicate within them. Among factors that limit transmission, the environment is particularly important for indirectly ... -
Multiple mortality events in bats: a global review
(2016-07)Despite conservation concerns for many species of bats, factors causing mortality in bats have not been reviewed since 1970. Here, we review and qualitatively describe trends in the occurrence and apparent causes of multiple ... -
Conditions affecting the timing and magnitude of Hendra virus shedding across pteropodid bat populations in Australia
(2017-09)Understanding infection dynamics in animal hosts is fundamental to managing spillover and emergence of zoonotic infections. Hendra virus is endemic in Australian pteropodid bat populations and can be lethal to horses and ... -
Age-specific infectious period shapes dynamics of pneumonia in bighorn sheep
(2017-09)Superspreading, the phenomenon where a small proportion of individuals contribute disproportionately to new infections, has profound effects on disease dynamics. Superspreading can arise through variation in contacts, ... -
The impact of hive type on the behavior and health of honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera) in Kenya
(2017-09)There has been a long-standing interest in developing approaches to maximize honey production by Kenyan beekeepers. Since honey bees in Kenya are passively managed, the main decision beekeepers make is which hive type to ... -
Evidence for strain-specific immunity to pneumonia in bighorn sheep
(2017-01)Transmission of pathogens commonly carried by domestic sheep and goats poses a serious threat to bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) populations. All-age pneumonia die-offs usually ensue, followed by asymptomatic carriage of ... -
Transmission or Within-Host Dynamics Driving Pulses of Zoonotic Viruses in Reservoir-Host Populations
(2016-08)Progress in combatting zoonoses that emerge from wildlife is often constrained by limited knowledge of the biology of pathogens within reservoir hosts. We focus on the host-pathogen dynamics of four emerging viruses ... -
Virus and dsRNA-triggered transcriptional responses reveal key components of honey bee antiviral defense
(2017-07)Recent high annual losses of honey bee colonies are associated with many factors, including RNA virus infections. Honey bee antiviral responses include RNA interference and immune pathway activation, but their relative ... -
Multi-level Omics Analysis Provides Insight to the Ignicoccus hospitalis-Nanoarchaeum equitans Association
(2017-09)BACKGROUND Studies of interspecies interactions are inherently difficult due to the complex mechanisms which enable these relationships. A model system for studying interspecies interactions is the marine hyperthermophiles ... -
The Interfaces of Genetic Conflict Are Hot Spots for Innovation
(2017-01)RNA-guided Cas9 endonucleases protect bacteria from viral infection and have been creatively repurposed as programmable molecular scalpels for surgical manipulation of DNA. Now, two papers in Cell (Pawluk et al. and Rauch ... -
Differential regulation of CD103 (alphaE integrin) expression in human dendritic cells by retinoic acid and Toll-like receptor ligands
(2017-05)CD103 (alphaE integrin) is an important dendritic cell (DC) marker that characterizes functionally distinct DC subsets in mice and humans. However, the mechanism by which CD103 expression is regulated in human DCs and the ... -
Effect of salinity on mercury methylating benthic microbes and their activities in Great Salt Lake, Utah
(2017-03)Surface water and biota from Great Salt Lake (GSL) contain some of the highest documented concentrations of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in the United States. In order to identify potential biological sources ... -
Transmission or within-host dynamics driving pulses of zoonotic viruses in reservoir-host populations
(2016-08)Progress in combatting zoonoses that emerge from wildlife is often constrained by limited knowledge of the biology of pathogens within reservoir hosts. We focus on the host–pathogen dynamics of four emerging viruses ... -
CRISPR control of virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(2017-02)Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and their associated genes (cas) are essential components of an adaptive immune system that protects bacteria and archaea from viral infection. Now a recent ... -
Models of Eucalypt phenology predict bat population flux
(2016-10)Fruit bats (Pteropodidae) have received increased attention after the recent emergence of notable viral pathogens of bat origin. Their vagility hinders data collection on abundance and distribution, which constrains modeling ... -
Disease introduction is associated with a phase transition in bighorn sheep demographics
(2016-10)Ecological theory suggests that pathogens are capable of regulating or limiting host population dynamics, and this relationship has been empirically established in several settings. However, although studies of childhood ... -
Climatic suitability influences species specific abundance patterns of Australian flying foxes and risk of Hendra virus spillover
(2016-12)Hendra virus is a paramyxovirus of Australian flying fox bats. It was first detected in August 1994, after the death of 20 horses and one human. Since then it has occurred regularly within a portion of the geographical ... -
Microbes in mercury-enriched geothermal springs in western North America
(2016-11)Because geothermal environments contain mercury (Hg) from natural sources, microorganisms that evolved in these systems have likely adapted to this element. Knowledge of the interactions between microorganisms and Hg in ...
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