Chemistry & Biochemistry
The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry offers research-oriented programs culminating in the Doctor of Philosophy degree. The faculty in the department have expertise over a broad range of specialty areas including synthesis, structure, spectroscopy, and mechanism. In each of these fields, the strength of the department has been recognized at the international level.
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Structural insights into redox signal transduction mechanisms in the control of nitrogen fixation by the NifLA system
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2023-07)NifL is a conformationally dynamic flavoprotein responsible for regulating the activity of the σ54-dependent activator NifA to control the transcription of nitrogen fixation (nif) genes in response to intracellular oxygen, ... -
Base-Catalyzed Phenol-Mannich Condensation of Preformed Cesium Iminodiacetate. The Direct Synthesis of Calcein Blue AM and Related Acyloxymethyl Esters
(American Chemical Society, 2023-08)A rapid and highly practical one-flask procedure for the positionally selective preparation of (acyloxy)methyl N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)iminodiacetate and related diesters from iminodiacetic acid and phenols is described. The ... -
Hydrogen-Type Binding Sites in Carbonaceous Electrodes for Rapid Lithium Insertion
(American Chemical Society, 2023-08)Direct pyrolysis of coronene at 800 °C produces low-surface-area, nanocrystalline graphitic carbon containing a uniquely high content of a class of lithium binding sites referred to herein as “hydrogen-type” sites. ... -
Comparative genomics reveals electron transfer and syntrophic mechanisms differentiating methanotrophic and methanogenic archaea
(Public Library of Science, 2022-01)The anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to sulfate reduction is a microbially mediated process requiring a syntrophic partnership between anaerobic methanotrophic (ANME) archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Based ... -
An Aurora B-RPA signaling axis secures chromosome segregation fidelity
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023-05)Errors in chromosome segregation underlie genomic instability associated with cancers. Resolution of replication and recombination intermediates and protection of vulnerable single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) intermediates during ... -
Methanol Concentrations and Biological Methanol Consumption in the Northwest Pacific Ocean
(American Geophysical Union, 2023-04)Methanol metabolism can play an important role in marine carbon cycling. We made contemporaneous measurements of methanol concentration and consumption rates in the northwest Pacific Ocean to constrain the pathways and ... -
A Comprehensive NMR Analysis of Serum and Fecal Metabolites in Familial Dysautonomia Patients Reveals Significant Metabolic Perturbations
(MDPI AG, 2023-03)Central metabolism has a profound impact on the clinical phenotypes and penetrance of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s (PD) diseases, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Autism Spectrum ... -
Diversity and function of methyl-coenzyme M reductase-encoding archaea in Yellowstone hot springs revealed by metagenomics and mesocosm experiments
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023-03)Metagenomic studies on geothermal environments have been central in recent discoveries on the diversity of archaeal methane and alkane metabolism. Here, we investigated methanogenic populations inhabiting terrestrial ... -
Arsenic Exposure Causes Global Changes in the Metalloproteome of Escherichia coli
(MDPI AG, 2023-02)Arsenic is a toxic metalloid with differential biological effects, depending on speciation and concentration. Trivalent arsenic (arsenite, AsIII) is more toxic at lower concentrations than the pentavalent form (arsenate, ... -
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a Model Gastrointestinal Tract Species, Prefers Heme as an Iron Source, Yields Protoporphyrin IX as a Product, and Acts as a Heme Reservoir
(Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a Model Gastrointestinal Tract Species, Prefers Heme as an Iron Source, Yields Protoporphyrin IX as a Product, and Acts as a Heme Reservoir, 2023-03)Members of the phylum Bacteroidetes are abundant in healthy gastrointestinal (GI) tract flora. Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is a commensal heme auxotroph and representative of this group. Bacteroidetes are sensitive to ... -
1H NMR based metabolic profiling distinguishes the differential impact of capture techniques on wild bighorn sheep
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021-05)Environmental metabolomics has the potential to facilitate the establishment of a new suite of tools for assessing the physiological status of important wildlife species. A first step in developing such tools is to evaluate ... -
Copper deficiency is an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with advanced liver disease
(Ovid Technologies, 2023-01)Background and Aim: Copper is an essential trace metal serving as a cofactor in innate immunity, metabolism, and iron transport. We hypothesize that copper deficiency may influence survival in patients with cirrhosis through ... -
Stabilizing Effects of Phosphorus-Doped Silicon Nanoparticle Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries
(ACS Publications, 2023-01)Phosphorus-doped silicon has been reported to exhibit improved cycling stability and/or higher capacity retention than pure silicon as the anode in lithium-ion batteries. However, crystallite size and particle morphology ... -
Bispecific Anti-HIV Immunoadhesins That Bind Gp120 and Gp41 Have Broad and Potent HIV-Neutralizing Activity
(MDPI AG, 2021-07)We have constructed bispecific immunoglobulin-like immunoadhesins that bind to both the HIV-envelope glycoproteins: gp120 and gp41. These immunoadhesins have N terminal domains of human CD4 engrafted onto the N-terminus ... -
Biophysical Evaluation of Rhesus Macaque Fc Gamma Receptors Reveals Similar IgG Fc Glycoform Preferences to Human Receptors
(Frontiers Media SA, 2021-10)Rhesus macaques are a common non-human primate model used in the evaluation of human monoclonal antibodies, molecules whose effector functions depend on a conserved N-linked glycan in the Fc region. This carbohydrate is a ... -
Parenteral Exposure of Mice to Ricin Toxin Induces Fatal Hypoglycemia by Cytokine-Mediated Suppression of Hepatic Glucose-6-Phosphatase Expression
(MDPI AG, 2022-11)Ricin toxin is an agent of biodefense concern and we have been developing countermeasures for ricin threats. In doing so, we sought biomarkers of ricin toxicosis and found that in mice parenteral injection of ricin toxin ... -
Metabolomic and elemental profiling of blood serum in bladder cancer
(Elsevier BV, 2022-12)Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed types of urinary cancer. Despite advances in treatment methods, no specific biomarkers are currently in use. Targeted and untargeted profiling of metabolites and ... -
Distinct Metabolic States Are Observed in Hypoglycemia Induced in Mice by Ricin Toxin or by Fasting
(MDPI AG, 2022-11)Hypoglycemia may be induced by a variety of physiologic and pathologic stimuli and can result in life-threatening consequences if untreated. However, hypoglycemia may also play a role in the purported health benefits of ... -
In vivo mechanotransduction: Effect of acute exercise on the metabolomic profiles of mouse synovial fluid
(Elsevier BV, 2022-03)Objective. Exercise is known to induce beneficial effects in synovial joints. However, the mechanisms underlying these are unclear. Synovial joints experience repeated mechanical loading during exercise. These mechanical ... -
Dynamic states of eIF6 and SDS variants modulate interactions with uL14 of the 60S ribosomal subunit
(Oxford University Press, 2023-01)Assembly of ribosomal subunits into active ribosomal complexes is integral to protein synthesis. Release of eIF6 from the 60S ribosomal subunit primes 60S to associate with the 40S subunit and engage in translation. The ...
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