Scholarworks

ScholarWorks is an open access repository for the capture of the intellectual work of Montana State University (MSU) in support of its teaching, research and service missions. MSU ScholarWorks is a central point of discovery for accessing, collecting, sharing, preserving, and distributing knowledge to the Montana State University community and the world.

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Postglacial fire and vegetation histories of a mid-elevation mixed-conifer forest in the Gallatin Range, MT, USA
(Cambridge University Press, 2025-06) Alt, Mio; McWethy, David B.; Whitlock, Cathy L.
A 13,500-year-old record from Langohr Wetland in the Gallatin Range of southwestern Montana offers new insights into the vegetation and fire history at middle elevations within the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Pollen data suggest that following deglaciation, a tundra–steppe established until warmer and wetter conditions than before could support Picea parkland. The development of an open, predominantly Pinus mixed-conifer forest from ca. 9300–7000 cal yr BP suggests warming summer temperatures led to an increase in forest cover and fire activity; the increase in tree abundance supported infrequent, stand-replacing fires approximately every 600 years. Picea and Pseudotsuga increased their presence at ca. 7000 cal yr BP, and the mixed-conifer forest became denser during the Mid- and Late Holocene, suggesting summers became cooler and wetter. The additional fuel load led to increased fire activity, with stand-replacing fires occurring approximately every 350 years in the Late Holocene. The forest surrounding Langohr Wetland experienced less change in vegetation composition and structure and fewer fire episodes than other low- and high-elevation sites in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. The stability of this forested ecosystem over thousands of years is likely a result of its cool mesic mid-elevation setting, limiting the frequency of intense fire episodes.
Proteomic Re-Structuring in the Salt-Sensitive Rice Genotype Comparable to Its Salt-Tolerant Counterpart Mediated by an ACC Deaminase-Producing Endophytic Bacteria under Salt Stress
(Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2026-06) Walitang, Denver I.; Kim, Kiyoon; Lee, Yi; Roy Choudhury, Aritra; Sa, Tongmin
Salt stress creates a combinatorial plant stress encompassing ion toxicity, physiological drought, nutritional imbalance, and oxidative stress. Salinity impacts salt-sensitive and tolerant rice genotypes. Plants also recruit microbes leading to a complex array of microbe-mediated plant responses resulting in a cumulative overall tolerance enhancement to salinity. In this study, label-free proteomics quantification was conducted to assess the responses of rice under salt stress together with microbe-mediated responsive proteomes toward salt stress tolerance. Under salt stress, rice proteomes are mainly influenced by salt stress, rice genotype, and Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 inoculation. There are common and genotype-specific upregulated and downregulated differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in the salt-sensitive IR29 and the salt-tolerant FL478 due to salt stress. However, the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase-producing M. oryzae CBMB20, which regulates ethylene biosynthesis, mediated changes in the salt-stressed IR29 resulting in similar proteomes to that of FL478. Our study provides a mechanistic understanding of the interactions of an ACC deaminase-producing M. oryzae CBMB20 where a key feature of the microbe-mediated salt stress response is the restoration of the abundance of many downregulated DAPs in rice under salt stress conditions.
Pulsar Cyclic Spectroscopy in the Partial-deconvolution Regime: Benefits and Limitations
(American Astronomical Society, 2025-08) Turner, Jacob E.; Dolch, Timothy; Demorest, Paul; Lynch, Ryan S.; Stinebring, Daniel R.; Jessup, Cody; Jones, Nathaniel; Scheithauer, Christopher
We explore possible advantages of cyclic spectroscopy for observations of pulsars in instances where full cyclic deconvolution is not possible. We compute cyclic merits and full-deconvolution regime boundaries for pulsars observed by NANOGrav and discuss which sources stand to benefit the most from using cyclic spectroscopy when observed with the Green Bank Telescope and DSA-2000 in a given frequency range. We compare data products, namely the wavefield, in both full-deconvolution and partial-deconvolution regimes to demonstrate what can be accomplished with incomplete phase retrieval. Additionally, we show how some phase retrieval can still be achieved in the partial-deconvolution regime and how this allows for additional information in scintillation-based data products, like the dynamic wavefield power, compared to what can be found in traditional dynamic spectra. An examination of dynamic wavefield phase as a function of observing frequency reveals more complete phase retrieval is achieved the closer one gets to the full-deconvolution regime, agreeing with the expectations of cyclic merit. While we demonstrate that fragmentary recovery of the secondary wavefield can be accomplished in the partial-deconvolution regime, we advocate for a synergistic approach with phase retrieval methods like the θ−θ transform, although we also provide discussion about shortcomings of this strategy. Finally, we use the combination of modest cyclic merit and lack of discernible results for PSR J1903+0327 to motivate the creation of an updated “cyclic merit 2.0,” which relies on scintillation bandwidth instead of observing bandwidth.
Different Yeast Strain Effects on ‘King of the North’ Wine Chemical, Chromatic, and Descriptive Sensory Characteristics
(MDPI AG, 2025-05) Wang, Zhuoyu; Svyantek, Andrej; Rao Kadium, Venkateswara; Bogenrief, S.; Hatterman-Valenti, Harlene
Diabetic retinopathy in rural communities: a review of barriers to access of care and potential solutions
(Informa UK Limited, 2025-07) Burmeister, Jens; Pham, Madeline N.; Bohler, Forrest; North, Caleb
Introduction. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss. With an estimated 38.4 million Americans diagnosed with DM, the disease exerts a significant burden on healthcare systems, especially in rural areas where access to care is limited. DR prevalence is notably higher in rural communities due to barriers such as geographical isolation, lower socioeconomic status, and provider shortages. Objective. This narrative review explores the current state of DR management in rural areas, highlighting the increased incidence of the condition in these regions and the unique challenges faced by rural patients. Barriers to Care. Key barriers to care include distance and travel, financial constraints, and a lack of ophthalmology and optometry specialists. Solutions. The review also discusses potential solutions to improve DR outcomes, including teleophthalmology, artificial intelligence (AI) screening, and expanding rural healthcare workforce programs. These interventions aim to improve early detection and access to treatment, ultimately reducing the disparity in DR care between rural and urban populations. Comprehensive efforts from policymakers, healthcare systems, and educational institutions will be crucial in addressing the gaps in rural DR care and improving patient outcomes.