Browsing by Author "Vetch, Justin M."

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Allelic Impacts of TaPHS1, TaMKK3, and Vp1B3 on Preharvest Sprouting of Northern Great Plains Winter Wheats
(2018-12) Vetch, Justin M.; Stougaard, Robert N.; Martin, John M.; Giroux, Michael J.
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a common problem that can lead to negative economic impacts arising from yield loss and undesirable end-use quality. Twenty-one winter wheats adapted to northwestern Montana were grown over two field seasons and used to assess three loci observed in previous studies to have moderate to large impacts on PHS. The main goal was to validate the usefulness of TaPHS1-3A (a Mother of Flowering Time-like gene), TaMKK3-4A (a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3), and Vp1-1B (Viviparous 1) in breeding for modified dormancy before harvest, as well as to determine their potential relationships to agronomic and seed traits, specifically, falling number and Î±-amylase concentrations. Variation in PHS susceptibility across entries ranged from 0% sprout (fully dormant) to 95% sprout (fully nondormant) after 7 d of wetting. Most entries showed an intermediate level of sprouting susceptibility ranging between 10 and 50% sprouted. Alleles previously reported to impact dormancy were found for all three genes but TaPHS1 was the only locus found to be significantly associated with PHS. It is unclear whether variation caused by TaPHS1 may be masking the effects of the other loci, but it is evident that TaPHS1 could be used in a breeding program to modify the level of seed dormancy in winter wheat before harvest.
Novel alleles of MFT‐A and MFT‐B1 appear to impact wheat preharvest sprouting in Triticum aestivum and Triticum turgidum ssp. durum
(Wiley, 2024-05) Tillet, Brandon J.; Vetch, Justin M.; Martin, John M.; Giroux, Michael J.
Background and Objectives. Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is the premature germination of seeds, which is often caused by late-season rains after seeds reach physiological maturity. PHS negatively impacts grain yield and end-use quality. Previous studies in spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum) have identified that some mutations in the mother of FT and TFL1 gene (MFT) coding sequence decrease seed dormancy and increase wheat PHS. Findings. Here, we report two novel alleles for the MFT-A and two novel alleles for the MFT-B1 homologs in spring bread wheat and durum wheat. Conclusions. A haplotype analysis suggests that TaMFT-3A1b (OQ729929), TaMFT-3B1b (OQ729932) and TdMFT-3B1b (OQ729937) increase PHS susceptibility. It is expected that functional copies of MFT promote seed dormancy. Variant analysis of the novel MFT-A and MFT-B1 alleles in both spring and durum wheat suggest impairment of protein function, therefore a negative impact on seed dormancy. Significance and Novelty: Previously unassessed durum wheat varieties were examined for PHS susceptibility. The information in this study can serve as a resource for spring and durum wheat breeders to make selections for alleles of MFT that impact susceptibility to PHS.