Theses and Dissertations at Montana State University (MSU)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/733
Browse
5 results
Search Results
Item Swimming performance of Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus virginalis bouvieri)(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Engineering, 2024) Steele, Samuel William; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Kathryn Plymesser; This is a manuscript style paper that includes co-authored chapters.Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus virginalis bouvieri) inhabit the upper portions of the Yellowstone and Snake River basins of Montana, Wyoming, and Idaho. Although individual populations remain intact in headwater streams, anthropogenic activities have resulted in substantial declines in their historic range and core population abundance, and the classification as a species of concern in Montana. To aid in Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout restoration and conservation, we conducted two studies to characterize their swimming performance. In the first study, we used an open-channel flume to observe the volitional swimming performance of 168 hatchery-raised Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout, ranging in total length from 292 to 450 mm. Fish were tested against a range of water velocities (0.61, 0.94, 1.75, and 2.00 m .s -1) and temperatures (8.0 and 12.0°C). We observed that passage success decreased with increasing water velocities, ranging from 98% at 0.61 m .s -1 to 19% at 2.00 m .s -1, and that water temperature did not affect the maximum distance of ascent within each hydraulic challenge (? 2 ranged from 0.0 to 1.0, p-value > or = 0.3, df = 1). The overall maximum sprinting velocity was 4.59 m .s -1, mean maximum swimming velocity was 2.15 m .s -1, and average water velocity at gait transitions was 0.61 m .s -1 from sustained to prolonged, 0.94 m .s -1 from prolonged to unsteady burst glide, and <1.73 m .s-1 from unsteady burst glide to steady burst. In the second study, we quantified the U sprint swimming mode of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout using a swim chamber. Sixty fish were individually tested, which resulted in a mean U sprint velocity of 3.91 body lengths .s -1 (SD = 0.56), equivalent to 1.48 m .s -1 (SD = 0.18). U sprint values ranged from 0.86 to 1.85 m .s -1 for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout with total lengths of 314 mm to 456 mm. Gait transitions were observed from sustained-prolonged to burst-glide swim mode at a mean water velocity of 0.88 m .s -1 (SD = 0.15) and from burst-glide to strictly burst at 1.13 m .s -1 (SD = 0.18). These findings provide valuable information for assessing passage success probability and guiding the design of fish passage structures, which are essential for the restoration and conservation of native Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout populations.Item A comparison between swimming and jogging using selected cardiovascular efficiency tests(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1969) Jenkins, Rodney D.Item Relationships among swimming performance, behavior, water velocity, temperature, and body size for sauger Sander canadensis and longnose dace Rhinichthys cataractae(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 2015) Dockery, David Russell; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Thomas E. McMahonMigration barriers and resulting habitat fragmentation are a major conservation concern for freshwater fishes. Characterizing the swimming abilities of fish is vital for fishway design and identifying potential movement barriers. The objective of this study was to assess the swimming performance of two of the most widely distributed prairie fishes, the large-bodied, large river sauger Sander Canadensis, and the small-bodied, small stream longnose dace Rhinichthys cataractae. Swimming performance for both species was assessed using a variety of metrics (passage success, maximum ascent distance, maximum sprint speed) in an open channel flume over a range of velocities (sauger, 51, 80, 93 cm/; dace, 39, 64, 78, and 90 cm/s), temperatures (sauger, 10.0, 14.3, 18.3°C; dace, 10.7, 15.3, and 19.3°C ) , and body sizes (sauger, 34.0-43.9 cm; dace, 4.6-12.4 cm). Passage success of sauger was surprisingly high (91%) over all test velocities, as was the mean maximum sprint velocity (mean, 219 cm/s). Contrary to expectations, water temperature and body size had little effect on swimming performance. Video observation showed that sauger transitioned from steady sustained swimming (aerobic metabolism) to unsteady, burst-glide or steady burst swimming (anaerobic metabolism) at 97 cm/s. Additional testing of sustained time of burst swimming by sauger in a swim tunnel (critical velocity, U sprint) showed they are capable of short term maximum bursts of 124 cm/s over a 15 second duration before fatigue. Longnose dace had high passage success in the test flume (95%) at test velocities of 39 and 64 cm/s, but success rate dropped markedly at higher velocities (66% at 78 cm/s and 19.7% at 90 cm/s). Dace swam along the bottom of the flume at all test velocities, but increased position-holding as velocity increased. Their maximum sprint velocity (139 cm/s) was about half that of sauger. Dace swimming performance generally increased with water temperature and body size.Item Comparative analysis of swimming times during five phases of the menstrual cycle(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Education, Health & Human Development, 1971) Cullum, Cathy Jean FergusonItem The relationship between mothers' anxiety towards swimming and their childrens' progress in learning to swim(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Education, Health & Human Development, 1974) Van Dyke, Trudi Catherine McCall