Scholarship & Research
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/1
Browse
8 results
Search Results
Item Cobalt supplementation affects humoral immune response in beef calves(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 2015) Sager, Robert Bascom; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Glenn Duff; Glenn C. Duff and Carl J. Yeoman were co-authors of the article, 'Cobalt supplementation in pre-weaned calves affects humoral immune response and feedlot health' in the journal 'Proceedings, western section, American Society of Animal Science' which is contained within this thesis.Economic losses from morbidity and mortality associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in beef cattle are approaching $2 billion annually in the United States. Incidence and severity of BRD is increasing despite advances in animal health programs in prevention and treatment compared to twenty years ago. Mineral supplementation during pre-weaning has potential to reduce sickness and improve health. Cobalt (Co) is used by rumen-inhabiting microbes for the production of vitamin B 12. Vitamin B 12 is a cofactor for vital metabolic pathways in tissue carbohydrate and lipid metabolism required for maintenance and growth. Vitamin B 12 is also vital for B-cell proliferation to form plasma cells that secrete antibodies. National Research Council (NRC) recommendations for Co are 0.1 ppm (0.1 mg/kg; DM dry matter basis). Beef production has changed tremendously since NRC recommendations were set in the 1950's. The hypothesis of these three studies is NRC Co concentrations need to be increased to meet today's beef cattle metabolic requirements and production needs. The objectives of these studies were to evaluate if an orally-supplied Co dosed at nursing, pre-weaning, or post weaning affects humoral immune response during the post-weaning feeding period and reduces the incidence of BRD. Mannheimia haemolytica is a major pathogen of BRD which causes increased pathophysiological pulmonary tissue severity, increased treatment time, and increased mortality in beef calves. Calves were vaccinated with M. haemolytica in all studies as an indicator of immune response. Different dosages and forms of Co were administered to evaluate humoral immune response. Results indicate increased NRC Co concentrations affect humoral immune response and potentially improve beef calf health. Study results suggest current NRC Co concentrations should be increased to improve post-weaning health in beef calves.Item Range vegetational types, range condition, and range sites in relation to the incidence of Urolithiasis in range cattle(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1956) Parker, Karl G.Item The effects of overmilking on the mammary gland and the incidence of mastitis(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1963) Quesenberry, Neil C.Item Methods to reduce morbidity in feeder calves(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 2002) Fennewald, Dennis JamesItem Protein and mineral nutrition and the weak calf syndrome in beef cattle(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1975) Bartle, Steven JonItem A comprehensive analysis of pelvic measurements in beef cattle(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1991) Cook, Barry RogerItem Effect of disease on calf performance(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 1996) Bernardini, Tracie-Marie MargaretItem Effects of on-arrival, delayed vaccination and supplemental lysine on performance, antibody titer, temperature and metabolic profiles in response to modified-live viral respiratory vaccination(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 2013) Sharon, Katherine Parsons; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Glenn Duff; Glenn C. Duff, Jeff W. Dailey, Jeff A. Carroll, Jonathan K. Hilmer and Brian Bothner were co-authors of the article, 'Supplemental lysine does not affect animal performance, antibody titer, or rectal temperature in response to a modified-live viral respiratory vaccine in neonatal Holstein calves' submitted to the journal 'Journal of animal science' which is contained within this thesis.; Glenn C. Duff, John A. Paterson, Jeff W. Dailey, Jeff A. Carroll, and Eric A. Marceau were co-authors of the article, 'Effects of timing of a modified-live respiratory viral vaccination (day 0 versus day 14 of a receiving period) on performance, feed intake, antibody titer response, and febrile response of beef heifers' in the journal 'The professional animal scientist' which is contained within this thesis.Improved vaccination efficacy and reducing virulence of bovine herpesvirus-1 could reduce respiratory disease incidence in feedlot cattle. Further, reduced virulence of herpesviruses by lysine supplementation is documented. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of timing as well as supplemental lysine associated with the administration of a modified-live respiratory viral vaccine on performance, feed intake, antibody titer response, and the febrile response. Thirty-six heifers were randomly assigned to treatments included no vaccine (CON), vaccination on d 0 (DO), and a d 14 (D14) of a 28 d receiving period. Daily feed intakes were recorded and body weight measured weekly. Temperature data loggers were attached to a blank controlled intrauterine drug release devices recording vaginal temperatures every 5 min. No differences (P > 0.10) among treatments were observed for performance. Daily intake was decreased for D14 versus D0 on d 14 (P < 0.01) and 15 (P < 0.10) and decreased (P < 0.05) on d 15 for the average of vaccinated calves versus CON. Vaginal temperature was increased (P < 0.10) on d 1 for D0 versus D14 heifers and increased (P < 0.05) for D14 versus D0 on d 14, 15 and 16. Sixty-four neonatal Holstein bull calves were used in a completely randomized design. Calves were fed milk replacer supplemented with either 17 g/d lysine (LYS) or an equivalent amount of casein (CAS) for 42 d. Calves were vaccinated with either an IN or an IM modified-live vaccine on d 36. Calves were weighed weekly and bled on d 35, 36, 37 and 42. Temperature data loggers were attached to rectal probes and temperatures were recorded every 5 min from d 28 to d 42. No differences (P > 0.10) were determined for average performance, rectal temperature, or IBR antibody titers between treatments. Serum urea nitrogen and the ratio of serum lysine:arginine increased (P < 0.05) for LYS compared to CAS calves. These results suggest that time vaccination alter feed intake and febrile response and supplementing lysine impacts nitrogen metabolism but does not alter the response to IBR vaccination in neonatal Holstein calves.