Scholarship & Research
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Item Integrating pediatric oral health into a rural, public-health setting(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Nursing, 2020) Bowden, Janelle Marie; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Laura LarssonRural, low-income families in Montana experience individual and environmental barriers to oral healthcare access. In addition to knowledge deficits regarding pediatric milestones in oral health care, families in rural areas also have few, if any, pediatric dentists who accept Medicaid clients. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 2- to 5-year-olds are the only age group where the incidence of tooth decay is on the rise. This evidence-based demonstration research documents the baseline oral-health status of Park County Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) participants as well as the longitudinal efficacy of a bundled intervention to improve oral-health status in this high-priority population. Anticipatory guidance, caries risk assessment, repeated fluoride varnish application, and referrals for establishing a dental home and completing referrals for untreated decay are the bundled interventions under investigation in this project. Each level of intervention was documented in terms of state and national goals for the prevention of early childhood caries. The rate of signed forms consenting to treatment was used as a proxy measure that educating pregnant moms, parents, and caregivers about caring for baby teeth was effective. The long-term goal is to improve oral-health status in the Park County WIC population. The results of this research illustrated that performing oral-health assessments in a public-health setting provides an opportunity for nurses to promote sound oral-health practices, educate families on oral hygiene, and provide interventions aimed at preventing early childhood caries. Integrating oral health into public health as well as primary-care settings is a feasible and imperative practice in order to decrease the rates of ECC. A collaborative and integrative effort will ensure more children are screened for and educated on ECC. Introducing the intervention bundle at the WIC office in Park County proved to be a successful way of performing oral-health screenings, applying preventative FV, educating families on oral hygiene practices, and referring children to a dental home.Item Early family environments and memory: the role of physiological and psychological responses to acute stress(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 2020) Counts, Cory; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Neha John-HendersonChildhood family environments have important implications for outcomes in adulthood. Specifically, the experience of adversity in childhood is related to numerous maladaptive outcomes later in life. It is currently unknown how early adversity affects memory consolidation and processing. Previous research has established an association with anxiety and depression possessing a negative memory bias. A negative memory bias is defined as attentional and perceptual favor towards information that is contextually negative or threatening. Research has not examined the relationship between negative memory bias and childhood adversity after the induction of stress. Stress has previously shown to be disruptive to memory outcomes. Further, a growing body of research has shown that early childhood adversity associates with blunted physiological responses to stress. It is possible that through the pathway of blunted reactivity, early childhood adversity associates with negative memory bias. To test these hypotheses, a sample of college students (N=64) studied a 50-word list that included 25 emotionally negative words and 25 emotionally neutral words. Participants then completed the Trier Social Stress Test, an evaluative stressor well known for inducing stress. After the stress task, participants were asked to freely recall words they previously studied. Results showed that higher ratings or risk and emotional abuse in childhood associated with increased negative word recall. The relationship was partially mediated through blunted heart rate reactivity to the stress task. Implications and future directions are discussed.Item Family environmental risk factors for adolescent substance use: an integrative review of the literature(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Nursing, 2019) Walker, John Caleb; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Tracy HellemSubstance use continues to be an ongoing problem throughout the United States and worldwide. In terms of substance use initiation, adolescence is characterized as an especially vulnerable developmental time period. There are many potential influences that can affect an adolescent's risk for initiating substance using behaviors. One particularly influential factor is the family environment the adolescent is exposed to on a daily basis. The purpose of this project was to summarize the evidence on the topic of adolescent substance use risk factors within the immediate family environment. Following an integrative review guideline, three library databases were searched utilizing a set of key search terms in order to obtain all relevant studies related to this topic. Each relevant research article found in the literature search that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria was included in the review process. Research findings were extracted from these research studies, organized into common categories, and integrative summaries were presented. The results of the review were categorized and presented based on commonly identified influential factors that were examined in the primary studies. As a result of this review, it was concluded that many significantly influential immediate family environment risk and protective factors have been identified in the literature. The significance of these findings and the potential implications for practice, prevention, and research, are discussed.Item Male migration and family-related outcomes(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 2017) Noray, Savannah Grace; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Sarah JanzenThe income benefits of out-migrant work in developing countries are well established. However, much less is known about changes in women's empowerment that might occur during spousal migration spells. Two main questions motivate this research. First, during a spouse's absence, does a woman gain more control over household resources? Second, does this shift in power affect children's welfare, indicating that women have different preferences for children's welfare than do their husbands? In this paper I identify causally each step in this sequence using unique panel data from rural Nepal, a country known for high rates of male migrant work. This research makes contributions to two bodies of literature, the first being the migration literature. The majority of the past migration research has been quite narrow in scope, covering mainly how migrant households use remittances. Consequently, any discussion on the benefits of migration often centers on remittances with little regard to other potential sources of economic development. This research is a critical addition to the migration literature, as it unlocks more discussion on the effects of migration holding economic resources constant. Second, this paper contributes to the intersection between intra-household bargaining and international development literature. Many development programs give cash or in-kind transfers to women in poor families, motivated by the common belief that women spend resources in a more pro-child way than do men. This makes sense theoretically: if household members have unique preferences and bargain over control of household resources, then the effectiveness of a transfer depends on the recipient's preferences and bargaining power. The common assumption is that women have less bargaining power and stronger preferences for children's welfare than men. Yet the literature on this issue is not as conclusive as this commonly-held belief would suggest. As development programs continue to choose beneficiaries, more research in this area is certainly warranted in order to maximize effectiveness of transfers. Furthermore, we might expect that outcomes vary with local context, perhaps due to cultural differences. Therefore, evaluating this claim in rural Nepal provides useful policy implications for programs focused in rural South-East Asia.Item Pediatric oncology : an educational handbook(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Nursing, 1996) Gormely, Dawn Louise; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Ardella FraleyItem An investigation of the roles of family, Catholic religion and the Spanish language in the life of the Mexican-American and their implications in a counseling relationship(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1976) Emerson, Jacqueline CoghlanItem A study to determine the present status of family life and sex education in grades kindergarten through four in Bozeman, Montana(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1969) Sommerfeld, Ruth D.; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Elnora A. Old CoyoteItem Parents of hearing impaired children : a model for the study of attitudinal changes following group interaction(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1976) Rigg, Phyllis Ruth ReiserItem Fatherless homes : implications for the children(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1970) Ragar, Alma RyffelItem Influence of the home environment on preschool children as related to success in beginning reading(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1974) Miller, Bob (Robert Edward)