Scholarship & Research
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/1
Browse
3 results
Search Results
Item Neighborhood racial income inequality and cognitive health(Wiley, 2024-06) Zahodne, Laura B.; Sol, Ketlyne; Scambray, Kiana; Lee, Ji Hyun; Palms, Jordan D.; Morris, Emily P.; Taylor, Lauren; Ku, Vivian; Lesniak, Mary; Melendez, Robert; Elliot, Michael R.; Clarke, Phillippa J.INTRODUCTION. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to dementia, but the distribution of SES within a neighborhood may also matter. METHODS. Data from 460 (47% Black, 46% White) older adults from the Michigan Cognitive Aging Project were linked to census tract–level data from the National Neighborhood Data Archive (NaNDA). Neighborhood SES included two composites reflecting disadvantage and affluence. Neighborhood racial income inequality was the ratio of median incomes for White versus Black residents. Generalized estimating equations examined associations between neighborhood factors and cognitive domains. RESULTS. Neighborhood racial income inequality was uniquely associated with worse cognitive health, and these associations did not differ by participant race. Neighborhood disadvantage was only associated with worse cognitive health among Black participants. DISCUSSION. Both the level and racial distribution of SES within a neighborhood may be relevant for dementia risk. Racial differences in the level and impact of neighborhood SES contribute to dementia inequalities.Item Using the social ecological model to identify challenges facing Latino immigrants(Wiley, 2023-05) Moyce, Sally; Comey, Danika; Anderson, Jacey; Creitz, Adam; Hines, Deborah; Metcalf, MadelineBackground. New Latino immigrant populations face challenges and barriers when arriving in new immigrant destinations. Objective. To better understand the challenges faced by Latino immigrants in a new immigrant destination by using the Social Ecological Model. Design. This study solicited the perceptions of key informants and Latino immigrant participants through qualitative data collection methods to understand how to address and decrease barriers to healthcare services and community resources. Sample. Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with two groups of respondents: 13 key informants and 30 Latino immigrants. Measurements. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and categorized based on the Social Ecological Model. Results. Themes identified at the individual and interpersonal levels of the Social Ecological Model include fear of deportation and stress. Themes at the community level include cultural differences, discrimination, and a lack of exposure of the majority community to Latino immigrants. At the system level, researchers identified language barriers, the cost of healthcare, and housing. At the policy level, researchers identified legal status and occupational exploitation as challenges for this community. Conclusion. Understanding the challenges faced by Latino immigrants requires multi-level interventions to address barriers that prevent new immigrants from accessing community resources.Item COVID-19 and food insecurity in the Blackfeet Tribal Community(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022-05) John-Henderson, Neha A.; Oosterhoff, Benjamin J.; Johnson, Lester R.; Lafromboise, Mary Ellen; Malatare, Melveena; Salois, EmilyTo examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food insecurity in the Blackfeet American Indian Tribal Community. American Indian adults residing on the Blackfeet reservation in Northwest Montana (n = 167) participated in a longitudinal survey across 4 months during the COVID-19 pandemic (August 24, 2020- November 30, 2020). Participants reported on demographics and food insecurity. We examined trajectories of food insecurity alongside COVID-19 incidence. While food insecurity was high in the Blackfeet community preceding the pandemic, 79% of our sample reported significantly greater food insecurity at the end of the study. Blackfeet women were more likely to report higher levels of food insecurity and having more people in the household predicted higher food insecurity. Longitudinal data indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated already high levels of food insecurity in the Blackfeet community. Existing programs and policies are inadequate to address this public health concern in AI tribal communities.