Investigating the effects of genotype and environment interaction (GEI) and stability analysis on short-duration rapeseed yield and oil content under different environmental conditions

Abstract

The yield and oil content of rapeseed (Brassica rapa), one of the most important sources of edible oil in the world, have been significantly impacted by environmental factors. The primary objective of this research is to identify the most optimal genotype(s) with a high yield and oil content that can adapt to various environments in Bangladesh. The GE interaction was estimated using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the AMMI model. An environment-wise ANOVA demonstrated significant variations in all traits across all environments. Heritability, genetic advance as a percentage of mean, GCV, and PCV were estimated. High GCV and PCV for seed yield and total dry matter were observed in all environments. Heritability and genetic advance as a percentage of the mean were found to be high for yield plant-1 across all environments. The AMMI analysis utilized the IPCA1 (First Interaction Principal Component Axis) scores of genotypes to predict environmental stability or adaptation. Higher IPCA1 scores indicated that a genotype was more suited to a given environment. Based on IPCA1 scores, BARI Sharisha-14 was a high-yielding, stable genotype. Under favourable conditions, BARI Sharisha-9 (G2), BARI Sharisha-15 (G4), and Sompod (G5) produced a higher yield. All genotypes in the Mymensing environment had high oil content (%). Sompod had the lowest mean seed yield across environments and was extremely environment sensitive. It was discovered that Ishwardi was better for rapeseed production than Cumilla.