Scholarship & Research
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Item Understanding how 4-H project clubs affect youth's confidence toward STEM-based initiatives and career opportunities(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 2023) Andrade, Claudia Gabrielle; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: C. John GravesThe purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of how the establishment of a STEM-focused 4-H project club would affect youth's confidence towards STEM based initiatives and career opportunities. Additionally, how youth Guardian's perceptions of 4-H materials would be affected through engagement with their youth in said 4-H project club. This Action Research Project (ARP) included the development and facilitation of a STEM Focused 4-H project club. Youth participants ranged from ages eight to sixteen and attended at least four out of the five STEM focused 4-H workshops over the course of five weeks. Eligible youth earned an overnight trip to Montana State University in Bozeman to tour the 4-H center and STEM related departments, along with a visit to Museum of the Rockies. Throughout the course of this ARP, youth and their guardians participated in both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods including pre and post Likert-surveys, journal entries, mid-way assessments, and exit interviews. Statistical analysis of the data showed that a majority of youth exhibited a change in their application of STEM topics to their everyday life. Additionally, youths' general mood when completing the STEM workshop tasks were overwhelmingly positive. Given the number of participants for this ARP, the information gathered is not generalizable; however, these results provide for a better understanding of how a STEM-focused 4-H project club influenced youth in Lake County.Item A descriptive study of 4-H adult volunteers' perceptions of distance learning(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 2021) Schomer, Brett Marie; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Carl IgoLike many other states Montana 4-H is experiencing reduced participation in types of face-to-face volunteer learning experiences. To continue to provide a high-quality program to both youth members and volunteer leaders without putting burden on MSU Extension field faculty, distance learning has been identified as a possible solution to this phenomenon. MSU Extension agents indicated during 2018 focus groups that distance learning is a viable and exciting delivery method for some types of 4-H learning experiences, however further investigation of user perceptions is necessary before we proceed as a system. By using quantitative descriptive research methodology, this study identifies the perceptions and needs of the prospective adult volunteer user in order for 4-H professionals to adequately assess and design the integration of distance learning methods with 4-H learning experiences, specifically for volunteer training. This study is aimed at considering the possibilities of distance learning and bringing them together with the ideas and opinions of the individuals who have an important stake in program delivery.Item Significance of 4-H on the development of youth's coping skills(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Agriculture, 2020) Evenson, Josie Christine; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Carl IgoPeople who reside in rural areas face challenges accessing the health and mental care they need. The lack of mental health resources creates an imperative need for finding avenues to help support youth in these areas. Youth organizations, such as 4-H, that promote positive development support the well-being of the individuals who participate in that program. Previous research on 4-H revealed youth who enroll in the program develop life skills through their participation. The research also exposed that there may be a correlation between life skills and coping skills, however, there has been little evidence to support this claim. Therefore, this study sought to answer the following question: In what significant ways do planned 4-H experiences impact 4-H members coping skills? To gather data eight Montana 4-H members were interviewed and nine adults associated with Montana 4-H participated in a focus group at a Montana 4-H event. The data was organized and then coded by the primary researcher and one committee member. All data was coded into four categories: productive coping, non-productive coping, reference to others and other. Youth reported using productive coping skills more than any other category with 66% of total responses being coded as such. Youth also reported using non-productive skills with a 11% response rate and reference to others with a 12% response rate. The other category had a 11% response rate. Adults reporting observing productive coping skills more than any other category with 58% of the total responses coded that way. The adults reported observing non-productive skills with a 5% response rate and reference to others with a 19% response rate. The adults had 18% of their results coded as other. Overall, both youth and adults reported that 4-H members are predominately using productive coping skills, which they have learned through their involvement in the 4-H program. Positive Youth Development programs like 4-H can provide avenues for youth and adults to work together to address mental health skills that a rural community may be lacking.Item Perceptions of 4-H record books as part of the experiential learning cycle(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 2019) Tangedal, Kara Bates; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Greg FrancisThis study investigated how perceptions of record books by 4-H adult and youth members changed before and after treatment, and if their perceived value of club meetings and project workshops, as well as growth in a project area improved after treatment. The subject of this treatment was enrolled Lewis and Clark County 4-H program members in Montana. Surveys were administered prior to record books being actively used in 4-H clubs and project workshops as a tool for goal-setting and reflection. Following volunteer training on how to effectively use record books in the Experiential Learning Cycle, club and project meetings were assessed on how effectively record books were incorporated, and subsequent remediation was made if necessary. If clubs and projects were evaluated to be using record books effectively, adult and youth members were asked to complete a post-treatment Record Book Survey. Pre- and post-treatment results were statistically analyzed and compared to qualitative interview findings, resulting in a significant increase in frequency of record book use, and modest increase of positive perceptions toward record book use and their relation to goal-setting and reflection, especially in youth members.Item Perception of Gallatin County 4-H members regarding animal projects(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1995) Dalbey, Matthew David; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: C. Van ShelhamerItem Perceptions of county agents and 4-H leaders toward fund-raising activities by the Montana 4-H Foundation(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1989) Connor, Jeffrey Flint; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: C. Van ShelhamerItem An analysis of the procedures and attitudes of participants in 4-H beef projects in Stillwater County(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1976) Egan, Charles EvansItem An evaluation of the Crow Indian 4-H programs(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1971) Weber, Robert Art; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Gerald D. SullivanDuring the winter of 1971, a survey was undertaken to assess the 4-H program on the Crow reservation in Montana. The survey was conducted to determine new ways to develop a 4-H program that would be more acceptable to the Crow people. A 4-H interview form was developed to survey five areas of influence on the Crow reservation that are felt to be significant in determining how to develop some new approaches to improve the Crow Indian 4-H program. A population of twenty-five people were surveyed, five of which were white 4-H club leaders and twenty who were Crow Indian adults. An extensive survey was also made of literature related to working with disadvantaged low income youth. The literature covered thirteen books and twenty-eight periodicals. Seven areas of study were surveyed. The information presented in Table 2 indicates that twenty (80.0 percent) of the population surveyed would like to have their youth learn skills and values that are related to the Crow culture. This information is in agreement with what Crow parents say about the 4-H program and what they would like their youth to learn as 4-H members. It was recommended that in the future that the Crow Indian 4-H program include projects and activities that are more closely related to the Crow Indian culture. The knowledge gained from the study of the seven areas of related literature was accomplished to develop ethnic sensitivity essential to working with disadvantaged Indian youth and adults. This information combined with the facts recorded from the questionnaire has provided definite information and insights that are intended to be used as guidelines for developing future 4-H programs with the Crow people by the present Extension staff assigned to the Crow reservation.Item Attitude assessment of the 4-H members in the Gallatin County 4-H Program(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1977) Shank, Randall FishburnItem Attitude and value study of the 4-H market lamb project in Gallatin County(Montana State University - Bozeman, 1978) Isaacs, Nicholas Waldon
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