Exploring the Limits of the Rapid-Charging Performance of Graphite as the Anode in Lithium-Ion Batteries

dc.contributor.authorXu, Wei
dc.contributor.authorWelty, Connor
dc.contributor.authorPeterson, Margaret R.
dc.contributor.authorRead, Jeffrey A.
dc.contributor.authorStadie, Nicholas P.
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-30T22:24:03Z
dc.date.available2022-09-30T22:24:03Z
dc.date.issued2022-01
dc.description.abstractGraphite is, in principle, applicable as a high-power anode in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) given its high intralayer lithium diffusivity at room temperature. However, such cells are known to exhibit poor capacity retention and/or undergo irreversible side reactions including lithium plating when charged at current rates above ∼2 C (∼740 mA g−1). To explore the inherent materials properties that limit graphite anodes in rapid-charge applications, a series of full-cells consisting of graphite as the anode and a standard Li[Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1]O2 (NMC811) cathode was investigated. Instead of a conventional cathode-limited cell design, an anode-limited approach was used in this work to ensure that the overall cell capacity is only determined by the graphite electrode of interest. The optimized N:P capacity ratio was determined as N/P = 0.67, enabling stable cycling across a wide range of charging rates (4–20 C) without inhibition by the NMC811 cathode. The results show that unmodified, highly crystalline graphite can be an excellent anode for rapid-charge applications at up to 8 C, even with a standard electrolyte and NMC811 cathode and in cells with 1.0 mAh cm−2 loadings. As a rule, capacity and specific energy are inversely proportional to crystallite size at high rates; performance can likely be improved by electrolyte/cathode tuning.en_US
dc.identifier.citationXu, W., Welty, C., Peterson, M. R., Read, J. A., & Stadie, N. P. (2022). Exploring the limits of the rapid-charging performance of graphite as the anode in lithium-ion batteries. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 169(1), 010531.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0013-4651
dc.identifier.urihttps://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/17270
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherThe Electrochemical Societyen_US
dc.rightscc-by-nc-nden_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en_US
dc.subjectgraphite anode lithium ion batteriesen_US
dc.titleExploring the Limits of the Rapid-Charging Performance of Graphite as the Anode in Lithium-Ion Batteriesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
mus.citation.extentfirstpage1en_US
mus.citation.extentlastpage11en_US
mus.citation.issue1en_US
mus.citation.journaltitleJournal of The Electrochemical Societyen_US
mus.citation.volume169en_US
mus.identifier.doi10.1149/1945-7111/ac4b87en_US
mus.relation.collegeCollege of Letters & Scienceen_US
mus.relation.departmentChemistry & Biochemistry.en_US
mus.relation.universityMontana State University - Bozemanen_US

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