Molecular imaging and depth profiling of biomaterials interfaces by femtosecond laser desorption postionization mass spectrometry

Abstract

Mass spectrometry (MS) imaging is increasingly being applied to probe the interfaces of biomaterials with invasive microbial biofilms, human tissue, or other biological materials. Laser desorption vacuum ultraviolet postionization with 75 fs, 800 nm laser pulses (fs-LDPI-MS) was used to collect MS images of a yeast–Escherichia coli co-culture biofilm. The method was also used to depth profile a three-dimensionally structured, multispecies biofilm. Finally, fs-LDPI-MS analyses of yeast biofilms grown under different conditions were compared with LDPI-MS using ultraviolet, nanosecond pulse length laser desorption as well as with fs laser desorption ionization without postionization. Preliminary implications for the use of fs-LDPI-MS for the analysis of biomaterials interfaces are discussed and contrasted with established methods in MS imaging.