Publications by Colleges and Departments (MSU - Bozeman)

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    Metabolomic Profiles and Pathways in Osteoarthritic Human Cartilage: A Comparative Analysis with Healthy Cartilage
    (MDPI AG, 2024-03) Welhaven, Hope D.; Welfley, Avery H.; Brahmachary, Priyanka; Bergstrom, Annika R.; Houske, Eden; Glimm, Matthew; Bothner, Brian; Hahn, Alyssa K.; June, Ronald K.
    Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease with heterogenous metabolic pathology. To gain insight into OA-related metabolism, metabolite extracts from healthy (n = 11) and end-stage osteoarthritic cartilage (n = 35) were analyzed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry metabolomic profiling. Specific metabolites and metabolic pathways, including lipid and amino acid pathways, were differentially regulated in osteoarthritis-derived and healthy cartilage. The detected alterations in amino acids and lipids highlighted key differences in bioenergetic resources, matrix homeostasis, and mitochondrial alterations in OA-derived cartilage compared to healthy cartilage. Moreover, the metabolomic profiles of osteoarthritic cartilage separated into four distinct endotypes, highlighting the heterogenous nature of OA metabolism and the diverse landscape within the joint in patients. The results of this study demonstrate that human cartilage has distinct metabolomic profiles in healthy and end-stage OA patients. By taking a comprehensive approach to assess metabolic differences between healthy and osteoarthritic cartilage and within osteoarthritic cartilage alone, several metabolic pathways with distinct regulation patterns were detected. Additional investigation may lead to the identification of metabolites that may serve as valuable indicators of disease status or potential therapeutic targets.
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    Unraveling sex-specific risks of knee osteoarthritis before menopause: Do sex differences start early in life?
    (Elsevier BV, 2024-05) Hernandez, Paula A.; Churchill Bradford, John; Brahmachary, Priyanka; Ulman, Sophia; Robinson, Jennifer L.; June, Ronald K.; Cucchiarini, Magali
    Objective. Sufficient evidence within the past two decades have shown that osteoarthritis (OA) has a sex-specific component. However, efforts to reveal the biological causes of this disparity have emerged more gradually. In this narrative review, we discuss anatomical differences within the knee, incidence of injuries in youth sports, and metabolic factors that present early in life (childhood and early adulthood) that can contribute to a higher risk of OA in females. Design. We compiled clinical data from multiple tissues within the knee joint—since OA is a whole joint disorder—aiming to reveal relevant factors behind the sex differences from different perspectives. Results. The data gathered in this review indicate that sex differences in articular cartilage, meniscus, and anterior cruciate ligament are detected as early as childhood and are not only explained by sex hormones. Aiming to unveil the biological causes of the uneven sex-specific risks for knee OA, we review the current knowledge of sex differences mostly in young, but also including old populations, from the perspective of (i) human anatomy in both healthy and pathological conditions, (ii) physical activity and response to injury, and (iii) metabolic signatures. Conclusions. We propose that to close the gap in health disparities, and specifically regarding OA, we should address sex-specific anatomic, biologic, and metabolic factors at early stages in life, as a way to prevent the higher severity and incidence of OA in women later in life.
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    Metabolomic Profiling to Understand Chondrocyte Metabolism
    (Springer Nature, 2022-11) Brahmachary, Priyanka; Welhaven, Hope D.; June, Ronald K.
    Metabolism has long been recognized as a critical physiological process necessary to maintain homeostasis in all types of cells including the chondrocytes of articular cartilage. Alterations in metabolism in disease and metabolic adaptation to physiological stimuli such as mechanical loading are increasingly recognized as important for understanding musculoskeletal systems such as synovial joints. Metabolomics is an emerging technique that allows quantitative measurement of thousands of small molecule metabolites that serve as both products and reactants to myriad reactions of cellular biochemistry. This protocol describes procedures to perform metabolomic profiling on chondrocytes and other tissues and fluids within the synovial joint.
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