Scholarly Work - Indigenous Research Initiative
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://scholarworks.montana.edu/handle/1/15852
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Item Asking for survival : the environmental implications of cultural revitalization on the Fort Belknap Reservation(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1992) Strahn, DerekItem The Fairway Farms : an experiment in a new agricultural age(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1969) Kenney, Ronald Lee; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Michael P. MaloneItem The Grand Union Hotel, Fort Benton, Montana ; a symbol of an age(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1971) Ellingsen, John DavidItem Whose deal? : Burton K. Wheeler and the Indian Reorganization Act(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1996) Stoddart, William Morrow; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Thomas R. WesselSenator Burton K. Wheeler of Montana upheld the long-standing U. S. government policy of assimilating American Indians into the dominant populace. As a Progressive, he believed the "Indian Reorganization" bill he introduced in Congress in 1934 to permit limited self-government for reservation communities would assist Native Americans in becoming prosperous, self-sufficient members of the United States political economy. Within three years, however, Wheeler sought repeal of the act, asserting that the Indian Reorganization Act had encouraged the expansion of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and thereby subverted the efforts of American Indians to achieve independence from federal oversight. Wheeler further argued that the increased administrative influence exercised by Commissioner of Indian Affairs John Collier betrayed both the intent of the legislation and Indian people as well. Wheeler's steadfast opposition to the Indian Reorganization Act demonstrated his commitment to representative government and contrasted with the non-representative policies administered by the Indian Bureau.Item The reformation of American Indian policy and the Flathead Confederation, 1877-1893(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1980) Spehar, Jay WilliamItem Changes in the West : Mormons and the ecological geography of nationalism(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1999) McArthur, Willard John; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Alexander S. DawsonEnvironmental historians have made fruitful endeavors in exploring the ways in which human communities modify the landscapes in which they live. However, nationalism is one area that has exhibited a tremendous influence on the course of modem history, yet has been little studied in its relationship to the environment. This thesis looks at the ways in which nationalism-a sense of connection to the larger nation-- has influenced those modifications, and how those modifications have influenced and affected those making changes. This thesis looks to the early Mormon migrants to the West as a case study on how nationalism has influenced environmental change. Using an interdisciplinary approach, this argument relies on the work of intellectual historians of nationalism, environmental historians, geographers, and ecologists\biologists. Using these studies as a framework, this thesis posits a method for identifying nationalized landscapes: recognizing circumscribed landscapes, simplified environments, and lands that are connected spatial and temporally to the larger nation identifies a nationalized landscape. In particular, this thesis looks at fish, trees, and riparian zones as areas of change. Using the identifying markers of circumscription, simplification, and connection has uncovered that Mormons did indeed make changes in the landscape that were influenced by nationalism. These changes made to the land, influenced by nationalism, created a redesigned nature, that in turn influenced human relationships. A feeling of nation-ness is one of the major influences in the way westerners have tried to redesign their environments.Item Chief Little Shell's tribe of landless Chippewa Indians of Montana : a question of recognition(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1983) Eder, Jeanne Marie OyawinItem The evolution of a frontier town : Bozeman, Montana, and its search for economic stability, 1864-1877(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1973) Putnam, James BruceItem Termination of federal supervision over the Klamath tribe of Indians, Oregon, 1928-1961(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1974) Beaird, William LynnItem The Sokaogon Chippewa and their lost treaty : 'We have always been here'(Montana State University - Bozeman, College of Letters & Science, 1993) McGeshick, Joseph R.; Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Mary Murphy.The Sokaogon Chippewa struggled for years in northern Wisconsin to retain their traditional land which provided all the necessities of life. Researching Sokaogon history from 1826 to the early 1850s reveals that the Sokaogon enjoyed separate recognition from the federal government, as an autonomous group of Lake Superior Chippewa. However, the federal government, with the eager support of the Euroamerican population in the state, attempted to consolidate as many of the different Lake Superior Chippewa groups as possible to make room fro the influx of settlers, miners and timbermen. According to Sokaogon oral tradition, and supported by contemporary Chippewa historians and scholars, the Sokaogon negotiated and signed a treaty sometime between 1854 and 1855. Unfortunately, the treaty, and an accompanying map outlining a reservation of some twelve square miles, was lost before being ratified by Congress. Some eighty years passed before the government recognized the Sokaogon as a separate group of Lake Superior Chippewa.