College of Letters & Science
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The College of Letters and Science, the largest center for learning, teaching and research at Montana State University, offers students an excellent liberal arts and sciences education in nearly 50 majors, 25 minors and over 25 graduate degrees within the four areas of the humanities, natural sciences, mathematics and social sciences.
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Item Toward a More Complex Understanding of Natal Super Star Clusters with Multiwavelength Observations(American Astronomical Society, 2021-09) Costa, Allison H.; Johnson, Kelsey E.; Indebetouw, Remy; Finn, Molly K.; Brogan, Crystal L.; Reines, AmyHenize 2–10 (He 2–10) is a nearby (D = 9 Mpc) starbursting blue compact dwarf galaxy that boasts a high star formation rate and a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus. He 2–10 is also one of the first galaxies in which embedded super star clusters (SSCs) were discovered. SSCs are massive, compact star clusters that will impact their host galaxies dramatically when their massive stars evolve. Here, we discuss radio, submillimeter, and infrared observations of He 2–10 from 1.87 μm to 6 cm in high angular resolution (∼0.3''), which allows us to disentangle individual clusters from aggregate complexes as identified at lower resolution. These results indicate the importance of spatial resolution to characterize SSCs, as low resolution studies of SSCs average over aggregate complexes that may host SSCs at different stages of evolution. We explore the thermal, nonthermal, and dust emission associated with the clusters along with dense molecular tracers to construct a holistic review of the natal SSCs that have yet to dramatically disrupt their parent molecular clouds. We assess the production rate of ionizing photons, extinction, total mass, and the star formation efficiency (SFE) associated with the clusters. Notably, we find that the SFE for the some of the natal clusters is high (>70%), which suggests that these clusters could remain bound even after the gas is dispersed from the system from stellar feedback mechanisms. If they remain bound, these SSCs could survive to become objects indistinguishable from globular clusters.Item DIISC-I: The Discovery of Kinematically Anomalous H i Clouds in M 100(American Astronomical Society, 2021-11) Gim, Hansung B.; Borthakur, Sanchayeeta; Momjian, Emmanuel; Padave, Mansi; Jansen, Rolf A.; Nelson, Dylan; Heckman, Timothy M.; Kennicutt Jr., Robert C.; Fox, Andrew J.; Pineda, Jorge L.; Thilker, David; Kauffmann, Guinevere; Tumlinson, JasonWe report the discovery of two kinematically anomalous atomic hydrogen (H i) clouds in M 100 (NGC 4321), which was observed as part of the Deciphering the Interplay between the Interstellar medium, Stars, and the Circumgalactic medium (DIISC) survey in H i 21 cm at 3.3 km s−1 spectroscopic and 44″ × 30″ spatial resolution using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. 15 15 The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. These clouds were identified as structures that show significant kinematic offsets from the rotating disk of M 100. The velocity offsets of 40 km s−1 observed in these clouds are comparable to the offsets seen in intermediate-velocity clouds (IVCs) in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of the Milky Way and nearby galaxies. We find that one anomalous cloud in M 100 is associated with star-forming regions detected in Hα and far-ultraviolet imaging. Our investigation shows that anomalous clouds in M 100 may originate from multiple mechanisms, such as star formation feedback-driven outflows, ram pressure stripping, and tidal interactions with satellite galaxies. Moreover, we do not detect any cool CGM at 38.8 kpc from the center of M 100, giving an upper limit of N(H i) ≤1.7 × 1013 cm−2 (3σ). Since M 100 is in the Virgo cluster, the nonexistence of neutral/cool CGM is a likely pathway for turning it into a red galaxy.